BLOCK用法传值
ios4.0系统已开始支持block,在编程过程中,blocks被Obj-C看成是对象,它封装了一段代码,这段代码可以在任何时候执行。Blocks可以作为函数参数或者函数的返回值,而其本身又可以带输入参数或返回值。它和传统的函数指针很类似,但是有区别:blocks是inline的,并且它对局部变量是只读的。
下面是理论部分:
1、block的定义
// 声明和实现写在一起,就像变量的声明实现 int a = 10;
2 int (^aBlock)(int, int) = ^(int num1, int num2) {
3
4 return num1 * num2;
5
6 };
7 // 声明和实现分开,就像变量先声明后实现 int a;a = 10;
8 int (^cBlock)(int,int);
9 cBlock = ^(int num1,int num2)
10 {
11 return num1 * num2;
12 };
其中,定义了一个名字为aBlock的blocks对象,并携带了相关信息:
1、aBlock 有两个形式参数,分别为int类型;
2、aBlock 的返回值为int 类型;
3、等式右边就是blocks的具体实现;
4、^ 带边blocks声明和实现的标示(关键字);
当然,你可以定义其他形式的block。e.g:无返回值,无形式参数等;
void (^bBlock)() = ^()
2 {
3 int a = 10;
4 printf("num = %d",a);
5 };
2、blocks 访问权限
blocks可以访问局部变量,但是不能修改。
int a = 10;
2 int (^dBlock)(int) = ^(int num)
3 {
4 a++;//not work!
5 return num * a;
6 };
此处不能修改的原因是在编译期间确定的,编译器编译的时候把a的值复制到block作为一个新变量(假设是a‘ = 10),此时a'和a是没有关系的。
这个地方就是函数中的值传递。如果要修改就要加关键字:__block或者static
__block int a = 7;
2 int (^dBlock)(int) = ^(int num)
3 {
4 a++;// work!
5 return num * a;
6 };
3、block的调用
block调用就像调用函数一样。e.g:
int c = aBlock(10,10); <br> bBlock();
下边是在两个viewcontroller之间通过block传值
MainView.h
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface MainView : UIViewController
{
IBOutlet UIButton* btn;
IBOutlet UILabel* labShow;
}
-(IBAction)push:(id)sender;
@end
MainView.m
#import "MainView.h"
#import "SecondView.h"
@implementation MainView
- (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil
{
self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
if (self) {
}
return self;
}
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
[super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
}
#pragma mark - View lifecycle
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
}
-(IBAction)push:(id)sender
{
SecondView *s = [[SecondView alloc] initwithBlock:Block_copy(^(NSString *str){
NSLog(@"%@",str);
labShow.text = str;
})];
[self.navigationController pushViewController:s animated:YES];
[s release];
}
- (void)viewDidUnload
{
[super viewDidUnload];
}
- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation
{
return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
}
@end
Second.h
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
typedef void (^MyBlock)(NSString *);
@interface SecondView : UIViewController
{
IBOutlet UITextField* txtView;
MyBlock my;
}
-(IBAction)back:(id)sender;
-(id)initwithBlock:(MyBlock)str;
@end
Second.m
#import "SecondView.h"
@implementation SecondView
-(id)initwithBlock:(MyBlock)str
{
self = [super init];
if(self)
{
my = str;
}
return self;
}
-(IBAction)back:(id)sender
{
NSString* s = txtView.text;
if(my)
{
my(s);
}
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
[super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
}
-(void)dealloc{
Block_release(my);
[super dealloc];
}
#pragma mark - View lifecycle
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
}
- (void)viewDidUnload
{
[super viewDidUnload];
}
- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation
{
return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
}
@end
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