MySQL 常见启动故障

so依赖缺失

[root@wxl bin]# ldd  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
    linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007ffebfdb4000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x0000003f09000000)
    librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x0000003f09400000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x0000003f08800000)
    libncurses.so.5 => /lib64/libncurses.so.5 (0x0000003f14400000)
    libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x0000003f13800000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x0000003f09800000)
    libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x0000003f14000000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x0000003f08c00000)
    libtinfo.so.5 => /lib64/libtinfo.so.5 (0x0000003f10000000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000003f08400000)
依赖都可以找到

selinux没有关闭

[root@wxl bin]# getenforce  //检查selinux 状态
Disabled
如果开启请参考《mysql基础》文章修改

权限问题

[root@wxl bin]# ll /data/mysql/mysql3306/
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql 4096 Sep  7 09:55 data
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Sep  7 09:55 logs
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql    6 Sep  7 09:55 tmp
[root@wxl bin]# 

datadir非空

初始化时候检查datadir 是否为空

磁盘空间不足

df -hP检查空间大小

参数错误

代码错误解析

[root@wxl bin]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/perror 23 //错误代码
OS error code  23:  Too many open files in system

 启动故障

之前启动了一次MySQL
[root@wxl bin]#  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
root@wxl bin]# tailf /data/mysql/mysql3306/data/error.log 
2017-09-07T02:15:27.126994Z 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1 error: 11
2017-09-07T02:15:27.127036Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process using the same InnoDB data or log files.
2017-09-07T02:15:28.128035Z 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1 error: 11
2017-09-07T02:15:28.128085Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process using the same InnoDB data or log files.
2017-09-07T02:15:29.129078Z 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1 error: 11
[root@wxl bin]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/perror 11
OS error code  11:  Resource temporarily unavailable
日志会频繁打印

解决方法
检查mysql的pid

[root@wxl bin]# cat /data/mysql/mysql3306/data/mysql.pid
8345

然后kill 除8345的pid进程号

分析故障方法

查看error log

[root@wxl ~]# tailf /data/mysql/mysql3306/data/error.log 
2017-09-07T22:45:17.076778Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306
2017-09-07T22:45:17.076864Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2017-09-07T22:45:17.077054Z 0 [Note]   - '::' resolves to '::';
2017-09-07T22:45:17.077119Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2017-09-07T22:45:17.204792Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
2017-09-07T22:45:17.205723Z 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.7.19-log'  socket: '/tmp/mysql3306.sock'  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server (GPL)
2017-09-07T22:45:17.205773Z 0 [Note] Executing 'SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES;' to get a list of tables using the deprecated partition engine. You may use the startup option '--disable-partition-engine-check' to skip this check. 
2017-09-07T22:45:17.205777Z 0 [Note] Beginning of list of non-natively partitioned tables
2017-09-07T22:45:17.379869Z 0 [Note] End of list of non-natively partitioned tables

 

把日志打开

利用mysqld 手工启动

 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &

端口占用冲突

利用strace分析一下启动过程

[root@wxl opt]#  strace  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf 2>&1 |tee tarce_start.log