GUI编程
组件
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窗口
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弹窗
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面板
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文本框
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列表框
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按钮
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图片
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监听事件
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键盘事件
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鼠标事件
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破解工具
1.简介
Gui的核心技术:Swing、AWT
1.因为界面不美观
2.需要jre环境
为什么我们要学习?
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可以写出一些自己想要的小工具
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工作时候,也可能需要维护到Swing界面,概率极小!
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了解MVC架构,了解监听
2.AWT
2.1、AWT介绍
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包含了很多类和接口!GUI!
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元素:窗口,按钮,文本框
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java.awt
2.2、组件和容器
1. Frame
package lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Frame
Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图像界面窗口");
//需要设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400,400);
//设置背景颜色
frame.setBackground(Color.white);
//弹出的初始位置
frame.setLocation(900,450);
//设置大小固定
frame.setResizable(false);
}
}
封装
package lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame(100,100,200,200, Color.WHITE);
new MyFrame(300,100,200,200, Color.BLACK);
new MyFrame(100,300,200,200, Color.YELLOW);
new MyFrame(300,300,200,200, Color.BLUE);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
static int id = 0;
public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
super("MyFrame"+(++id));
setBackground(color);
setBounds(x,y,w,h);
setVisible(true);
}
}
2. 面板Panel
package lesson1;
//Panel 可以看成一个空间,但是不能单独存在
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestPanel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//布局的概念
Panel panel = new Panel();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
//坐标
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
frame.setBackground(Color.white);
//Panel设置坐标,相对于Frame
panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
panel.setBackground(Color.red);
//将Panel添加到Frame
frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
//监听事件,监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
//适配器模式
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
2.3、布局管理器
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流式布局(默认)
package lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFlowLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//组件-按钮
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
Button button2 = new Button("button2");
Button button3 = new Button("button3");
//设置为流式布局
//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
frame.setSize(200,200);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
}
}
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东西南北中
package lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestBorderLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button1 = new Button("East");
Button button2 = new Button("West");
Button button3 = new Button("South");
Button button4 = new Button("North");
Button button5 = new Button("Center");
frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(button3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(button4,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button5,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setSize(300,300);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
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表格布局
package lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestGirdLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button b1 = new Button("b1");
Button b2 = new Button("b2");
Button b3 = new Button("b3");
Button b4 = new Button("b4");
Button b5 = new Button("b5");
Button b6 = new Button("b6");
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
frame.add(b1);
frame.add(b2);
frame.add(b3);
frame.add(b4);
frame.add(b5);
frame.add(b6);
frame.setSize(400,400);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
练习
我的做法
package lesson1;
//练习
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
frame.add(new MyButton(200,400,0,0));
frame.add(new MyButton(200,400,0,400));
frame.add(new MyButton(400,200,200,0));
frame.add(new MyButton(400,200,200,200));
frame.add(new MyButton(200,400));
frame.add(new MyButton(400,400));
frame.add(new MyButton(200,600));
frame.add(new MyButton(400,600));
frame.add(new MyButton(200,400,600,0));
frame.add(new MyButton(200,400,600,400));
frame.setSize(800,800);
frame.setLayout(null);
frame.setBackground(Color.white);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setResizable(false);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
视频中的做法
package lesson1;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestPro {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
panel1.add(new Button("East1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
panel1.add(new Button("West1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
panel3.add(new Button("East2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
panel4.add(new Button("p4-btn-"+(i+1)));
}
panel3.add(new Button("West2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.add(panel1);
frame.add(panel3);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
frame.setSize(800,800);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
对比总结
我没有考虑容器panel的分层嵌套使用
想的是用location和size 将button的位置和大小固定 然后直接添加到Frame
考虑欠佳,但是按钮大小比较统一,下次加入容器的思想
2.4、事件监听
事件监听:当某个事情发生的时候,要干什么?
package lesson2;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮,触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button = new Button("你好");
button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener());
frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(300,300);
WindowClose(frame);
}
public static void WindowClose(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
多个按钮只写一个监听类
package lesson2;
//实现2个按钮只写同一个监听类
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEventTwo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
Button button1 = new Button("start");
Button button2 = new Button("stop");
button1.setActionCommand("start");
button2.setActionCommand("stop");
button1.addActionListener(new MyMonitor());
button2.addActionListener(new MyMonitor());
frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.setSize(300,300);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
2.5、输入框TextField监听
package lesson2;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestText1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
public MyFrame(){
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
//监听这个文本框输入的文字
MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
//按下enter就会触发这个输入框的事件
textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');//保证安全性
pack();
setVisible(true);
setSize(800,800);
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
2.6、简易计算器,组合+内部类回顾复习
oop原则:组合 大于 继承!
组合思想
class A extends B{
}
class A{
public B b;
}
package lesson2;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.xml.soap.Text;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//简易计算器
public class TextCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
//属性
TextField num1,num2,num3;
//方法
public void loadFrame(){
//3个文本框
num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
//1个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorActionLisenter(this));
//一个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
//布局
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
setVisible(true);
setSize(800,400);
pack();
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
