实验5

Task1

<实验结论>

task1_1

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define N 4
int main()
{
    int x[N] = {1, 9, 8, 4};
    int i;int *p;

    // 方式1:通过数组名和下标遍历输出数组元素
    for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
    printf("%d", x[i]);
    printf("\n");

    // 方式2:通过指针变量遍历输出数组元素 (写法1)
    for (p = x; p < x + N; ++p)
    printf("%d", *p);
    printf("\n");

    // 方式2:通过指针变量遍历输出数组元素(写法2)
    p = x;
    for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
    printf("%d", *(p + i));
    printf("\n");

    // 方式2:通过指针变量遍历输出数组元素(写法3)
    p = x;
    for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
    printf("%d", p[i]);
    printf("\n");

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

 

task1_2

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
    int x[2][4] = {{1, 9, 8, 4}, {2, 0, 4, 9}};
    int i, j;
    int *p; // 指针变量,存放int类型数据的地址
    int(*q)[4]; // 指针变量,指向包含4个int型元素的一维数组

    // 使用数组名、下标访问二维数组元素
    for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i){
        for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
            printf("%d", x[i][j]);
        printf("\n");
    }
    // 使用指针变量p间接访问二维数组元素
    for (p = &x[0][0], i = 0; p < &x[0][0] + 8; ++p, ++i)
    {
        printf("%d", *p);
        if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0)
            printf("\n");
    }
    // 使用指针变量q间接访问二维数组元素
    for (q = x; q < x + 2; ++q)
    {
        for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
            printf("%d", *(*q + j));
        printf("\n");
    }
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

 

 

Task2

<实验结论>

task2_1

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 80

int main()
{
    char s1[] = "Learning makes me happy";
    char s2[] = "Learning makes me sleepy";
    char tmp[N];

    printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1):\n");
    printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n",sizeof(s1));
    printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n",strlen(s1));

    printf("\nbefore swap:\n");
    printf("s1:%s\n",s1);
    printf("s2:%s\n",s2);

    printf("\nswapping...\n");
    strcpy(tmp,s1);
    strcpy(s1,s2);
    strcpy(s2.tmp);

    printf("\nafter swap: \n");
    printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
    printf("s2: %s\n", s2);

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

 **回答1:s1大小是24个字节;sizeof(s1)计算的是s1占用字节数;strlen(s1)统计的是字符串中字符的数量,不包括空字符。

    回答2:不能;因为字符数组不能直接做赋值运算,且字符数组的大小未知。

    回答3:有被交换。

 

task2_2

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 80

int main()
{
    char *s1 = "Learning makes me happy";
    char *s2 = "Learning makes me sleepy";
    char *tmp;

    printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
    printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
    printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));

    printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
    printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
    printf("s2: %s\n", s2);

    printf("\nswapping...\n");
    tmp = s1;
    s1 = s2;
    s2 = tmp;

    printf("\nafter swap: \n");
    printf("s1: %s\n",s1);
    printf("s2: %s\n",s2);

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

 **回答1:s1中存放的是地址;sizeof(s1)计算的是s1占用的字节数;strlen(s1)统计的是s1的字符数,不包含空字符。

    回答2:不能。二者的语义区别是一个使用数组,一个使用指针。

    回答3:交换的是地址;没有被交换。

 

 

Task3

<实验结论>

#include <stdio.h>


void str_cpy(char *target, const char *source);
void str_cat(char *str1, char *str2);

int main()
{
    char s1[80], s2[20] = "1984";
    str_cpy(s1, s2);
    puts(s1);
    str_cat(s1, " Animal Farm");
    puts(s1);
    return 0;
} 

void str_cpy(char *target, const char *source)
{
while (*target++ = *source++);
} 

void str_cat(char *str1, char *str2)
{
while (*str1)
str1++;
while (*str1++ = *str2++);
}

 

 

Task4

<实验结论>

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 80
int func(char *);
int main()
{
char str[80];
while (gets(str) != NULL)
{
if (func(str))
printf("yes\n");
else
printf("no\n");
} 
return 0;
} 
int func(char *str)
{
char *begin, *end;
begin = end = str;
while (*end)
end++;
end--;
while (begin < end)
{
if (*begin != *end)
return 0;
else
{
begin++;
end--;
}
} 
return 1;
}

 

 

Task5

<实验结论>

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 80
void func(char *);
int main()
{
char s[N];
while (scanf("%s", s) != EOF)
{
func(s);
puts(s);
} 
return 0;
} 
void func(char *str)
{
int i;
char *p1, *p2, *p;
p1 = str;
while (*p1 == '*')
p1++;
p2 = str;
while (*p2)
p2++;
p2--;
while (*p2 == '*')
p2--;
p = str;
i = 0;
while (p < p1)
{
str[i] = *p;
p++;
i++;
} 
while (p <= p2)
{
if (*p != '*')
{
str[i] = *p;
i++;
}
p++;
} 
while (*p != '\0')
{
str[i] = *p;
p++;
i++;
} 
str[i] = '\0';
}

 

 

Task6

<实验结论>

task6_1

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void sort(char *name[], int n);
int main()
{
char *course[4] = {"C Program",
"C++ Object Oriented Program",
"Operating System",
"Data Structure and Algorithms"};
int i;
sort(course, 4);
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
printf("%s\n", course[i]);
system("pause");
return 0;
} 
void sort(char *name[], int n)
{
int i, j;
char *tmp;
for (i = 0; i < n - 1; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < n - 1 - i; ++j)
if (strcmp(name[j], name[j + 1]) > 0)
{
tmp = name[j];
name[j] = name[j + 1];
name[j + 1] = tmp;
}
}

 

task6_2

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void sort(char *name[], int n);
int main()
{
char *course[4] = {"C Program",
"C++ Object Oriented Program",
"Operating System",
"Data Structure and Algorithms"};
int i;
sort(course, 4);
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
printf("%s\n", course[i]);
system("pause");
return 0;
} 
void sort(char *name[], int n)
{
int i, j, k;
char *tmp;
for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
{
k = i;
for (j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
if (strcmp(name[j], name[k]) < 0)
k = j;
if (k != i)
{
tmp = name[i];
name[i] = name[k];
name[k] = tmp;
}
}
}

 **回答:交换的是指针变量的值

 

 

Task7

<实验结论>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 5

int check_id(char *str); // 函数声明

int main()
{
    char *pid[N] = {"31010120000721656X",
                    "330106199609203301",
                    "53010220051126571",
                    "510104199211197977",
                    "53010220051126133Y"};
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
        if (check_id(pid[i])) // 函数调用
            printf("%s\tTrue\n", pid[i]);
        else
            printf("%s\tFalse\n", pid[i]);

    return 0;
}

// 函数定义
// 功能: 检查指针str指向的身份证号码串形式上是否合法。
// 形式合法,返回1,否则,返回0
int check_id(char *str)
{
    if(strlen(str)!=18)
        return 0;
    else
    {
        char *p;
        p=str;
        while(*p>='0'&&*p<='9'&&*p!='\0'||*p=='X')
            p++;
        if(*p=='\0')
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
}

 

 

Task8

<实验结论>

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 80
void encoder(char* s); // 函数声明
void decoder(char* s); // 函数声明

int main()
{
    char words[N];

    printf("输入英文文本: ");
    while (gets(words) != " ") {

        printf("编码后的英文文本: ");
        encoder(words); // 函数调用
        printf("%s\n", words);

        printf("对编码后的英文文本解码: ");
        decoder(words); // 函数调用
        printf("%s\n", words);
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

/*函数定义
功能:对s指向的字符串进行编码处理
编码规则:
对于a~z或A~Z之间的字母字符,用其后的字符替换; 其中,z用a替换,Z用A替换
其它非字母字符,保持不变
*/
void encoder(char* s)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i++)
    {
        if (s[i] < 'A' || s[i]>'Z' && s[i] < 'a' || s[i]>'z')
            s[i] = s[i];
        else if (s[i] != 'Z' && s[i] != 'z')
            s[i] = s[i] + 1;
        else if (s[i] == 'z')
            s[i] = 'a';
        else
            s[i] = 'A';
    }

}

/*函数定义
功能:对s指向的字符串进行解码处理
解码规则:
对于a~z或A~Z之间的字母字符,用其前面的字符替换; 其中,a用z替换,A用Z替换
其它非字母字符,保持不变
*/
    void decoder(char* s)
    {
        int i;
        for (i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i++)
        {
            if (s[i] < 'A' || s[i]>'Z' && s[i] < 'a' || s[i]>'z')
                s[i] = s[i];
             else if (s[i] != 'A' && s[i] != 'a')
                s[i] = s[i] - 1;
            else if (s[i] == 'A')
                s[i] = 'Z';
            else
                s[i] = 'z';
        }
    }

 

posted on 2023-05-10 23:43  负熵宝子  阅读(8)  评论(0)    收藏  举报