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Condition接口简介

本博客系列是学习并发编程过程中的记录总结。由于文章比较多,写的时间也比较散,所以我整理了个目录贴(传送门),方便查阅。

并发编程系列博客传送门

接口简介

Condition可以看做是Obejct类的wait()notify()notifyAll()方法的替代品,与Lock配合使用。
当线程执行condition对象的await方法时,当前线程会立即释放锁,并进入对象的等待区,等待其它线程唤醒或中断。

JUC在实现Conditon对象时,其实是通过实现AQS框架,来实现了一个Condition等待队列,这个在后面讲AQS框架时会详细介绍,目前只要了解Condition如何使用即可。

接口定义

public interface Condition {

    void await() throws InterruptedException;

    long awaitNanos(long nanosTimeout) throws InterruptedException;
    
    boolean await(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException;

    boolean awaitUntil(Date deadline) throws InterruptedException;

    void signal();

    void signalAll();
}

使用示例

wait-notify模式的一个典型应用就是可以实现生产者-消费者模式。让我印象很深是我毕业那年阿里巴巴校园招聘的一个笔试题:

有一个苹果箱,有10个人向这个箱子中每次随机放入一个苹果,有10个人每次随机从这个箱子中随机拿走一个苹果,同时需要满足箱子中的苹果总数不能超过50个。请用代码实现上面的场景(不能使用并发集合框架)

这个题目使用wait-notify模式可以很好地解决。下面使用Condition模式来写下。

public class AppleBoxConditon {

    private int appleCount;
    private static Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    private static Condition fullCondition = lock.newCondition();
    private static Condition emptyCondition = lock.newCondition();

    public void putApple() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (appleCount >= 10) {
                try {
                    fullCondition.await();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            appleCount++;
            System.out.println("放入一个,当前盒子中苹果数:" + appleCount);
            emptyCondition.signalAll();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }


    public void takeApple() {
        lock.lock();
        try{
            while (appleCount <= 0) {
                try {
                    emptyCondition.await();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            appleCount--;
            System.out.println("拿走一个,当前盒子中苹果数:" + appleCount);
            fullCondition.signalAll();
        }finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    private static class AppleTaker implements Runnable {

        private AppleBoxConditon appleBox;

        public AppleTaker(AppleBoxConditon appleBox) {
            this.appleBox = appleBox;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            while (true) {
                appleBox.takeApple();
                try {
                    TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(100);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }


    private static class ApplePutter implements Runnable {

        private AppleBoxConditon appleBox;

        public ApplePutter(AppleBoxConditon appleBox) {
            this.appleBox = appleBox;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            while (true) {
                appleBox.putApple();
                try {
                    TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(100);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AppleBoxConditon appleBox = new AppleBoxConditon();


        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            Thread t = new Thread(new AppleBoxConditon.ApplePutter(appleBox));
            t.setName("ApplePutter:"+i);
            t.start();
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            Thread t = new Thread(new AppleBoxConditon.AppleTaker(appleBox));
            t.setName("AppleTaker:"+i);
            t.start();
        }

    }

}
posted @ 2020-04-10 16:55  程序员自由之路  阅读(1027)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报