django表单操作之django.forms
# -*-coding:utf-8-*-
from django import forms class ContactForm(forms.Form): subject = forms.CharField(max_length=100) email = forms.EmailField(required=False, label='Your e‐mail address') """ forms框架把每一个字段的显示逻辑分离到一组部件（widget）中。 每一个字段类型都拥有一个默认的部件， 我们也可以容易地替换掉默认的部件，或者提供一个自定义的部件 """ message = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea) """ Django的form系统自动寻找匹配的函数方法，该方法名称以clean_开头，并以字段名称结束。 如果有这样的 方法，它将在校验时被调用 """ def clean_message(self): message = self.cleaned_data['message'] num_words = len(message.split()) if num_words < 4: raise forms.ValidationError("Not enough words!") return message
# -*-coding:utf-8-*- from django.core.mail import send_mail from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect from django.shortcuts import render_to_response from contact.forms import ContactForm def contact(request): errors = [] if request.method == 'POST': if not request.POST.get('subject'): errors.append('Enter a subject.') if not request.POST.get('message'): errors.append('Enter a message.') if request.POST.get('email') and '@' not in request.POST['email']: errors.append('Enter a valid e‐mail address.') if not errors: send_mail( request.POST['subject'], request.POST['message'], request.POST.get('email', 'noreply@example.com'), ['siteowner@example.com'], ) return HttpResponseRedirect('/contact/thanks/') return render_to_response('contact_form.html',{'errors': errors}) def contact2(request): if 'POST' == request.method: form = ContactForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): cd = form.cleaned_data send_mail(cd['subject'], cd['message'], cd.get('email','noreply@example.com'), []) return HttpResponseRedirect('/contact/thanks/') else: """ 传入初始值数据和传入数据以绑定表单是有区别的。 最大的区别是，如果仅传入* 初始值* 数 据，表单是unbound的，那意味着它没有错误消息。 """ form = ContactForm(initial={'subject': 'I love your site!'}) return render_to_response('contact_form.html', {'form': form})
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Contact us</title> <style type="text/css"> ul.errorlist { margin: 0; padding: 0; } .errorlist li { background-color: red; color: white; display: block; font-size: 10px; margin: 0 0 3px; padding: 4px 5px; } </style> </head> <body> <!-- <h1>Contact us</h1> {% if errors %} <ul> {% for error in errors %} <li>{{ error }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> {% endif %} <form action="/contact/" method="post"> <p>Subject: <input type="text" name="subject"></p> <p>Your e‐mail (optional): <input type="text" name="email"></p> <p>Message: <textarea name="message" rows="10" cols="50"></textarea></p> <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> --> {% if form.errors %} <p style="color: red;"> Please correct the error{{ form.errors|pluralize }} below. </p> {% endif %} <form action="" method="post"> <table> {{ form.as_table }} </table> <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> </body> </html>
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Contact us</title> </head> <body> <h1>Contact us</h1> {% if form.errors %} <p style="color: red;"> Please correct the error{{ form.errors|pluralize }} below. </p> {% endif %} <form action="" method="post"> <div class="field"> {{ form.subject.errors }} <label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> {{ form.subject }} </div> <div class="field"> {{ form.email.errors }} <label for="id_email">Your e‐mail address:</label> {{ form.email }} </div> <div class="field"> {{ form.message.errors }} <label for="id_message">Message:</label> {{ form.message }} </div> <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> <!-- <div class="field{% if form.message.errors %} errors{% endif %}"> {% if form.message.errors %} <ul> {% for error in form.message.errors %} <li><strong>{{ error }}</strong></li> {% endfor %} </ul> {% endif %} <label for="id_message">Message:</label> {{ form.message }} --> </body> </html>
