实验7 面向对象编程与内置模块

实验任务1

class Account:
    def __init__(self,name,account_number,initial_amount = 10):
        self._name = name
        self._card_no = account_number
        self._balance = initial_amount

    def deposit(self,amount):
        self._balance += amount
    def withdraw(self,amount):
        if self._balance < amount:
            print('余额不足')
            return

        self._balance -= amount
    def info(self):
        print('持卡人姓名', self._name)
        print('持卡人账号', self._card_no)
        print('持卡人账户余额', self._balance)
    def get_balance(self):
        return self._balance

def main():
    print('测试账户1: '.center(30,'*'))
    a1 = Account('Bob','5002311',20000)
    a1.deposit(5000)
    a1.withdraw(4000)
    a1.info()

    print()

    print('测试账户2: '.center(30,'*'))
    a2 = Account('Joe','5006692',20000)
    a2.withdraw(10000)
    a2.withdraw(5000)
    a2.info()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

 实验任务2

class Shape:
    def info(self):
        pass
    def area(self):
        pass
    def preimeter(self):
        pass
class Rect(Shape):#矩形类
    def __init__(self, x = 0, y = 0, length = 2, width = 1):
        self._x = x
        self._y = y
        self._width = width
        self._length = length
    def info(self):#打印图片信息
        print(f'矩形左上角顶点坐标: ({self._x}, {self._y})')
        print(f'矩形长: {self._length}')
        print(f'矩形宽: {self._width}')
    def area(self):#面积
        return self._length * self._width
    def perimeter(self):#周长
        return (self._length + self._width) * 2
class Circle(Shape):
    def __init__(self, x = 0, y = 0, radius = 1):
        self._x = x
        self._y = y
        self._r = radius
    def info(self):
        print(f'圆心: ({self._x}, {self._y})')
        print(f'半径: {self._r}')
    def area(self):
        return 3.14 * self._r * self._r
    def perimeter(self):
        return 2 * 3.14 * self._r
class Triangle(Shape):
    def __init__(self, a = 1, b = 1, c = 1):
        self._a, self._b, self._c = a, b, c
    def info(self):
        print(f'三角形三边长: ({self._a}, {self._b}, {self._c})')
    def area(self):
        s = (self._a + self._b + self._c) / 2
        ans = (s*(s - self._a)*(s - self._b)*(s - self._c)) ** 0.5
        return ans
    def perimeter(self):
        return (self._a + self._b + self._c)
def main():
    print('测试1：'.center(40, '*'))
    shapes_lst1 = [Circle(), Rect(), Triangle()]
    for t in shapes_lst1:
        t.info()
        print(f'面积: {t.area():.2f}')
        print(f'周长: {t.perimeter():.2f}')
        print()
    print('测试2：'.center(40, '*'))
    shapes_lst2 = [Circle(x = 2, y = 2, radius = 10),
                   Rect(x = 50, y = 50, length = 10, width = 5),
                   Triangle(a = 3, b = 4, c = 5)]
    for t in shapes_lst2:
        t.info()
        print(f'面积: {t.area():.2f}')
        print(f'周长: {t.perimeter():.2f}')
        print()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

 实验任务3

from math import*

def func(x):
    m = 0
    s = 2
    a = 1/(s* (2*pi)**0.5)
    b = exp(-0.5* (x/s)**2)
    return a*b

for i in [1,3,5,7,9]:
    print(f'x = {i}, f = {func(i):.8f}')

 实验任务4

from random import choice
class RandomWalk():
    '''一个生成随机漫步数据的类'''
    def __init__(self, num_points = 5000):
        '''初始化随机漫步的属性'''
        self.num_points = num_points
        # 所有的随机漫步都始于(0,0)
        self.x_values = [0]
        self.y_values = [0]
    def fill_walk(self):
        '''计算随机漫步包含的所有点'''
        # 不断漫步，直到列表到达指定长度
        while len(self.x_values) < self.num_points:
            # 决定前进方向，以及，沿这个方向前进的距离
            x_direction = choice([1, -1])
            x_distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
            x_step = x_direction * x_distance
            y_direction = choice([1, -1])
            y_distance = choice([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
            y_step = y_direction * y_distance
            # 据绝原地踏步
            if x_step == 0 and y_step == 0:
                continue
            # 计算下一个点的x和y值
            next_x = self.x_values[-1] + x_step
            next_y = self.y_values[-1] + y_step
            self.x_values.append(next_x)
            self.y_values.append(next_y)
def main():
    '''测试随机游走类'''


    rw = RandomWalk(5)
    rw.fill_walk()
    print(rw.x_values)
    print(rw.y_values)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from random_walk import RandomWalk
from time import sleep
# 代码范例中，模拟两次随机漫步过程
n = 0
while n < 2:
    n += 1
# 创建一个RandomWalk对象，调用其方法生成随机游走坐标
rw = RandomWalk(50000)
rw.fill_walk()
# 用散点图进行可视化绘制
plt.figure(figsize = (10, 6), dpi = 128)
point_numbers = list(range(rw.num_points))
plt.scatter(rw.x_values, rw.y_values, c=point_numbers,
cmap=plt.cm.Blues, edgecolor='none', s=1)
# 终点和起点
plt.scatter(0, 0, c = 'grey', edgecolors='none', s=100)
plt.scatter(rw.x_values[-1], rw.y_values[-1], c = 'red',
edgecolors='none', s=100)
# 隐藏坐标轴
plt.axis('off')
plt.show()