AWT

AWT

2.1、Awt介绍

1. 包含了很多类和接口！ GUI！

2. 元素：窗口，按钮，文本框

3. java.awt

2.2组件和容器

1、Frame

 

package com.hua.demo;

import java.awt.*;

//Gui的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Frame, JDK,看源码！
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Gui界面");

        //需要设置可见性 w h
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);

        //设置背景颜色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(255, 255, 255));

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(500,200);

        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);//默认是true，即可以改变大小

    }
}

问题：发现窗口关闭不掉，停止java程序！

尝试回顾封装：

package com.hua.demo;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 300, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 300, Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 400, 200, 300, Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 400, 200, 300, Color.green);
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id=0;//可能存在多个计数器，我们需要一个计数器
    public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color color){
        super("MyFrame:"+(++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

2、面板Panel

package com.hua.demo;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel 可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("MyFrame");
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(200,200,400,400);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(212, 158, 41));

        //panel 设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,300,300);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(0x37D2D2));

        //添加进去
        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);
        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式：
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

3、布局管理器

• 流式布局

package com.hua.demo;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //组件=按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        //设置为流式布局
        // frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        // frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
        frame.setSize(300,300);

        //把按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

• 东西南北中

package com.hua.demo;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("BorderLayout");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(400,400);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

• 表格布局

package com.hua.demo;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("GridLayout");

        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        Button button4 = new Button("button4");
        Button button5 = new Button("button5");
        Button button6 = new Button("button6");
        
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.add(button4);
        frame.add(button5);
        frame.add(button6);

        frame.pack();//java函数，自动配置合适的大小

        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

 练习

package com.hua.demo;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class ExFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总 Frame
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setSize(400,300);
        frame.setLocation(200,400);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(0x4EC4B7));

        //4个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));

        //上面OK
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-but-1"),BorderLayout.CENTER);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-but-2"),BorderLayout.CENTER);
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //下面
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        //中间
        for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("but-"+i));
        }
        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }
}

总结：

1. Frame是一个顶级窗口

2. Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中

3. 布局管理器

   • 流式布局

   • 东西南北中

   • 表格布局

4. 大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性，监听!