英语语法----英语句子成分与五大句型

I like the movie.

I saw you yesterday.// the other day/two days ago

I have finished my homework.

I am reading a newspaper.

// 谓语

The sun sets early. // 

My wallet was stolen.

谓语是时态语态的承载体

谓语是主语(对宾语施加)的动作

 

动词            非谓语动词

                  动词              实意动词     及物动词/不及物动词

                                      系动词

                                      助动词       基本助动词()/情态动词

// 及物动词直接跟宾语

// 及物动词只有加宾语，语义才能完整。

I promise you.

The early bird catches the worm.

Did you see them?

 

// 不接宾语是语义已经完整

单可以通过加介词形成动词词组+宾语

Nothing happened.

You ask for it.

 

I see.

I promise.

Do you understand?

 

系动词

It is not fair.

he stays single.

That remains a mystery.

It tastes good.

She turned red.

 

// 系动词有一定的词义

// 衔接主语和表语

 

持续：keep remain  stay lie stand

表像/看起来： seem/appear/look

变化：go/get/turn/grow/become

感官：taste/smell/look/feel/sound

终止: prove/turn out

 

系动词不是谓语

I am busy       VS   I  need it

中文没有系动词也就没有表语

 

He was killed.

 

// 系动词不是谓语动词

 

// 表语

Love is blind.

My favorite is watching horror movies. // 不是正在看

What I mean is you have to get out of my face. //

 

be done 是谓语还是表语

My wallet was stolen. // 被动 ===动作

he was murdered. 

I am excited.// 状态

The shop is closed. // 状态

状态 ===========被动

 You can count on me

It depends.

Practice makes perfect.

He was murdered by his friend.

 

It is important to practice listening.

What is done(主语) is done.

I can't bear it. // 系动词或者谓语动词之前是主语

 

You can count on me.

Diamonds cut diamonds.

Would you mind opening the window?

I hope to come.

I hope that you can come.

I find it difficult to lift that chair.