实验7

task1

源代码

 1 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
 2 #include<stdio.h>
 3 #include<stdlib.h>
 4 #define N  80 
 5 #define M 100
 6 typedef struct {
 7     char name[N];
 8     char author[N];
 9 }Book;
10 void write();
11 void read();
12 int main() {
13     printf("测试1：把图书信息写入文本信息\n");
14     write();
15     printf("\n测试2：从文本文件读取图书信息，打印输出到屏幕\n");
16     read();
17     return 0;
18 }
19 void write() {
20     Book x[] = { {"《雕塑家》", "斯科特.麦克劳德"},
21                  {"《灯塔》", "克里斯多夫.夏布特"},
22                  {"《人的局限性》", "塞缪尔.约翰生"},
23                  {"《永不停步：玛格丽特.阿特伍德传》", "罗斯玛丽.沙利文"},
24                  {"《大地之上》", "罗欣顿·米斯特里"},
25                  {"《上学记》", "何兆武"},
26                  {"《命运》", "蔡崇达"} };
27     int n, i;
28     FILE* fp;
29     n = sizeof(x) / sizeof(x[0]);
30     fp = fopen("date1.txt", "w");
31     if (fp == NULL) {
32         printf("fail to open file to write \n");
33         return;
34     }
35     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) 
36         fprintf(fp, "%-40s %-20s\n", x[i].name, x[i].author);
37     fclose(fp);
38 
39 }
40 void read() {
41     Book x[N];
42     int i, n;
43     FILE* fp;
44     fp = fopen("date1.txt", "r");
45     if (fp == NULL) {
46         printf("fail to oprn file to read\n");
47         return;
48     }
49     i = 0;
50     while (fscanf(fp, "%s%s", x[i].name, x[i].author) != EOF)
51         ++i;
52     n = i;
53     for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
54         printf("%d.%-40s%-20s\n", i + 1, x[i].name, x[i].author);
55     fclose(fp);
56 
57 }

 

运行结果

image

 

image

 task2

 1 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
 2 #include<stdio.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 #define M 100
 5 typedef struct {
 6     char name[N];
 7     char author[N];
 8 }Book;
 9 void write();
10 void read();
11 int main() {
12     printf("测试1：把图书信息以数据块方式写入二进制文件\n");
13     write();
14     printf("\n测试2：从二进制文件读取图书信息，打印输出到屏幕\n");
15     read();
16     return 0;
17 }
18 void write() {
19     Book x[] = { {"《雕塑家》", "斯科特.麦克劳德"},
20                  {"《灯塔》", "克里斯多夫.夏布特"},
21                  {"《人的局限性》", "塞缪尔.约翰生"},
22                  {"《永不停步：玛格丽特.阿特伍德传》", "罗斯玛丽.沙利文"},
23                  {"《大地之上》", "罗欣顿·米斯特里"},
24                  {"《上学记》", "何兆武"},
25                  {"《命运》", "蔡崇达"} };
26     int n, i;
27     FILE* fp;
28     n = sizeof(x) / sizeof(x[0]);
29     fp = fopen("date2.dat", "wb");
30     if (fp == NULL) {
31         printf("fail to open file to read\n ");
32         return;
33     }
34     fwrite(x, sizeof(Book), n, fp);
35     fclose(fp);
36 }
37 
38 void read() {
39     Book x[M];
40     int i, n;
41     FILE* fp;
42     fp = fopen("date2.dat", "rb");
43     if (fp == NULL) {
44         printf("fail to open file to read\n");
45         return;
46     }
47     i = 0;
48     while (fread(&x[i], sizeof(Book), 1, fp) == 1)
49         ++i;
50     n = i;
51     for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) 
52         printf("%d。%-40s%-20s\n", i + 1, x[i].name, x[i].author);
53     fclose(fp);
54 
55     
56 }

 

运行结果

image

 

image

 用记事本打开不可看

 

task3

原代码

 1 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
 2 #include<stdio.h>
 3 #define N 100
 4 #define M 80
 5 void write();
 6 void read_str();
 7 void read_char();
 8 int main() {
 9     printf("测试1：把一组字符信息以字符串方式写入文本文件\n");
10     write();
11     printf("\n测试2: 从文件以字符串方式读取, 输出到屏幕\n");
12     read_str();
13     printf("\n测试3: 从文件以单个字符方式读取, 输出到屏幕\n");
14     read_char();
15     return 0;
16 }
17 void write() {
18     char* ptr[] = { "Working\'s Blues",
19                     "Everything Will Flow",
20                     "Streets of London",
21                     "Perfect Day",
22                     "Philadelphia" };
23     int i, n;
24     FILE* fp;
25     fp = fopen("date3.txt", "w");
26     if (fp == NULL) {
27         printf("fail to to write \n");
28         return;
29 
30     }
31     n = sizeof(ptr) / sizeof(ptr[0]);
32     for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
33         fputs(ptr[i], fp);
34         fputs("\n", fp);
35     }
36     fclose(fp);
37 }
38 void read_str() {
39     char song[N][M];
40     int i, n;
41     FILE* fp;
42     fp = fopen("date3.txt", "r");
43     if (fp == NULL) {
44         printf("fail to open file to read");
45         return;
46     }
47     i = 0;
48     while (i < N && (fgets(song[i], M, fp) != NULL))
49         ++i;
50     n = i;
51     for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
52         printf("%d.%s", i + 1, song[i]);
53     fclose(fp);
54 }
55 void read_char() {
56     int ch;
57     FILE* fp;
58     fp = fopen("date3.txt", "r");
59     if (fp == NULL) {
60         printf("fail to open file to read \n");
61         return;
62     }
63     while ((ch = fgetc(fp)) != EOF)
64         putchar(ch);
65     fclose(fp);
66 
67 }

 

运行结果

image

 

image

 在c语言中有部分字符是需要转义的\'是一个整体，用来在“”中输出‘。

song数组中之定义了N个，所以为了防止超过出数组的范围就设置了这个要求

task4

源代码

 1 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
 2 #include<stdio.h>
 3 #include<string.h>
 4 //void write();
 5 int  main() {
 6     printf("date4.txt统计结果：\n");
 7     char* ptr[] = { "0123456789-0123456789",
 8                     "nuist2025",
 9                     "cosmos galaxy" };
10     int i, n;
11     FILE* fp;
12     fp = fopen("date7.txt", "w");
13     if (fp == NULL) {
14         printf("fail to open file to write\n");
15         return;
16     }
17     int sum = 0;
18     int count = 0;
19     n = sizeof(ptr) / sizeof(ptr[0]);
20     for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
21         fputs(ptr[i], fp);
22         char* ch = ptr[i];
23         while (*ch != '\0') {
24             if (*ch == ' ') {
25                 count++;
26             }
27             ch++;
28         }
29         sum += strlen(ptr[i]);
30         fputs("\n", fp);
31     }
32     sum = sum - count;
33     fclose(fp);
34     printf("行数：\t                 %d\n",n);
35     printf("字符数（不计空白符）：\t    %d", sum);
36     return 0;
37 }

运行结果

image

 task5

源代码

  1 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
  2 #include <stdio.h>
  3 #include <string.h>
  4 
  5 #define N 10
  6 
  7 typedef struct {
  8     long id;            // 准考证号
  9     char name[20];      // 姓名
 10     float objective;    // 客观题得分
 11     float subjective;   // 操作题得分
 12     float sum;          // 总分
 13     char result[10];    // 考试结果
 14 } STU;
 15 
 16 // 函数声明
 17 void read(STU st[], int n);
 18 void write(STU st[], int n);
 19 void output(STU st[], int n);
 20 int process(STU st[], int n, STU st_pass[]);
 21 
 22 int main() {
 23     STU stu[N], stu_pass[N];
 24     int cnt;
 25     double pass_rate;
 26 
 27     printf("从文件读入%d个考生信息...\n", N);
 28     read(stu, N);
 29 
 30     printf("\n对考生成绩进行统计...\n");
 31     cnt = process(stu, N, stu_pass);
 32 
 33     printf("\n通过考试的名单:\n");
 34     output(stu, N);   // 输出所有考生完整信息到屏幕
 35     write(stu, N);    // 输出考试通过的考生信息到文件
 36 
 37     pass_rate = 1.0 * cnt / N;
 38     printf("\n本次等级考试通过率: %.2f%%\n", pass_rate * 100);
 39 
 40     return 0;
 41 }
 42 
 43 // 把所有考生完整信息输出到屏幕上
 44 // 准考证号，姓名，客观题得分，操作题得分，总分，结果
 45 void output(STU st[], int n) {
 46     int i;
 47 
 48     printf("准考证号\t姓名\t客观题得分\t操作题得分\t总分\t\t结果\n");
 49     for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 50         printf("%ld\t\t%s\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%s\n", st[i].id, st[i].name, st[i].objective, st[i].subjective, st[i].sum, st[i].result);
 51 }
 52 
 53 // 从文本文件examinee.txt读入考生信息:准考证号，姓名，客观题得分，操作题得分
 54 void read(STU st[], int n) {
 55     int i;
 56     FILE* fin;
 57 
 58     fin = fopen("examinee.txt", "r");
 59     if (!fin) {
 60         printf("fail to open file\n");
 61         return;
 62     }
 63 
 64     for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 65         fscanf(fin, "%ld %s %f %f", &st[i].id, st[i].name, &st[i].objective, &st[i].subjective);
 66 
 67     fclose(fin);
 68 }
 69 
 70 // 把通过考试的考生完整信息写入文件list_pass.txt
 71 // 准考证号，姓名，客观题得分，操作题得分，总分，结果
 72 void write(STU s[], int n) {
 73     int i;
 74     FILE* ptr;
 75     ptr = fopen("examinee.txt", "r");
 76     if (ptr == NULL) {
 77         printf("fail to open file to write\n");
 78         return;
 79     }
 80     fprintf(ptr, "准考证号\t姓名\t客观题得分\t操作题得分\t总分\t\t结果\n");
 81     for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 82         fprintf(ptr, "%ld %s %f %f", &s[i].id, s[i].name, &s[i].objective, &s[i].subjective);
 83     }
 84     fclose(ptr);
 85 }
 86 
 87 // 对考生信息进行处理：计算每位考生考试总分、结果；统计考试通过的人数
 88 int process(STU st[], int n, STU st_pass[]) {
 89     int i, pass_count=0;
 90     for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 91         st[i].sum = st[i].subjective + st[i].objective;
 92         if (st[i].sum >= 60) {
 93             strcpy(st[i].result, "合格");
 94                 st_pass[pass_count++] = st[i];
 95 
 96         }
 97         else
 98             strcpy(st[i].result, "不合格");
 99     }
100     return pass_count;
101 
102 
103 }

运行结果

image

 

image

 task6

源代码

 1 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
 2 #include <stdio.h>
 3 #include <stdlib.h>
 4 #include <time.h>
 5 #include<string.h>
 6 #define N 100
 7 int isflag(int* flag, int i, int num) {
 8     for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
 9         if (flag[j] == num) {
10             return 0;
11         }
12     }
13     return 1;
14 }
15 
16 int main() {
17     FILE* fp;
18     srand(time(NULL));
19     int n = 5, count = 0, flag[5] = { 0 };
20     char s[N][N];
21     char t[5][N];
22     fp = fopen("C:\\Users\\徐彬\\Desktop\\实验7数据文件及部分代码_gbk\\list.txt", "r");
23     if (fp == NULL) {
24         printf("File could not be opened\n");
25         exit(1);
26     }
27     for (int i = 0; fgets(s[i], N, fp) != NULL; i++) {
28         count++;
29 
30     }
31     fclose(fp);
32     for (int i = 0; i < 5;) {
33         int randNum = rand() % count;
34         flag[i] = randNum;
35         if (isflag(flag, i, randNum) == 0) { continue; }
36         if (isflag(flag, i, randNum) == 1) {
37 
38             strcpy(t[i], s[randNum]);
39             i++;
40         }
41 
42     }
43     char str[N];
44     char str2[N] = "C:\\Users\\徐彬\\Desktop\\实验7数据文件及部分代码_gbk\\";
45     scanf("%s", str);
46     strcat(str2, str);
47     fp = fopen(str2, "w");
48     if (fp == NULL) {
49         printf("File could not be opened\n");
50     }
51     for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
52         fprintf(fp, "%s\n", t[i]);
53     }
54     fclose(fp);
55 
56 }

 

运行结果

image

 

posted @ 2025-12-31 12:02  徐维彬  阅读(7)  评论(0)    收藏  举报