翻译

http://noi.openjudge.cn/ch0201/15/
Counterfeit Dollar
描述
Sally Jones has a dozen Voyageur silver dollars. However, only eleven of the coins are true silver dollars; one coin is counterfeit even though its color and size make it indistinguishable from the real silver dollars. The counterfeit coin has a different weight from the other coins but Sally does not know if it is heavier or lighter than the real coins.
Happily, Sally has a friend who loans her a very accurate balance scale. The friend will permit Sally three weighings to find the counterfeit coin. For instance, if Sally weighs two coins against each other and the scales balance then she knows these two coins are true. Now if Sally weighs one of the true coins against a third coin and the scales do not balance then Sally knows the third coin is counterfeit and she can tell whether it is light or heavy depending on whether the balance on which it is placed goes up or down, respectively.
By choosing her weighings carefully, Sally is able to ensure that she will find the counterfeit coin with exactly three weighings.
输入
The first line of input is an integer n (n > 0) specifying the number of cases to follow. Each case consists of three lines of input, one for each weighing. Sally has identified each of the coins with the letters A--L. Information on a weighing will be given by two strings of letters and then one of the words up'', down'', or ``even''. The first string of letters will represent the coins on the left balance; the second string, the coins on the right balance. (Sally will always place the same number of coins on the right balance as on the left balance.) The word in the third position will tell whether the right side of the balance goes up, down, or remains even.
输出
For each case, the output will identify the counterfeit coin by its letter and tell whether it is heavy or light. The solution will always be uniquely determined.

翻译
伪造的美元
描述
Sally Jones 有一打旅行者银币。然而，只有11枚硬币是真正的银币；1枚硬币是假的，尽管它们的颜色和大小使得它与真正的银币不易区分。假硬币的重量与其它硬币不同，但是Sally不知道它比真正的硬币轻还是重。
幸运地，Sally 有个朋友借给她一个非常精准的天平。这个朋友将允许Sally称重三次来找到假的硬币。例如，如果Sally称量两个硬币天平平衡，那么Sally知道这两个硬币是真的。现在如果Sally称量一枚真的硬币和第三枚硬币天平不平衡，那么Sally知道第三枚硬币是假的和她可以根据放置它的天平是上升还是下降来判断它是轻的还是重的。
通过仔细选择她的称量，Sally能够确保她将能找到恰好有三个称量的假币。
输入
第一行输入一个整数n（n>0）指定遵循的情况数量。每个箱子由三行输入组成，每行表示称量。Sally用字母A--L识别了每枚硬币。有关称重的信息将由两串字母给出和一个单词“up”,“down”,或“even”给出。第一串字母将代表左边余额的硬币;第二串字母，硬币在正确的天平上。（Sally总是将相同数量硬币放在右边与左边）。第三个位置的单词将告诉天平的右侧是上升，下降还是保持平衡。
输出
对于每一种情况，输出将识别假币的字母，并判断它是重还是轻。解决方案将始终是唯一确定的。