//影响本次会话
SELECT * FROM information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES WHERE VARIABLE_NAME LIKE 'CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT';
<==>
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT';

set @@session.CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=GBK;
<==>
set CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=GBK;

 

 

//全局的，在不重启服务的情况下，影响其他会话（重启MYSQL服务又会失效）
SELECT * FROM information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES WHERE VARIABLE_NAME LIKE 'CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT';
<==>
SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE 'CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT';

set @@global.CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=GBK;
<==>
set global CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=GBK;