2012年1月21日
在Asp.net MVC 3 web应用程序中，我们会用到ViewData与ViewBag，对比一下：
| ViewData | ViewBag |
| 它是Key/Value字典集合 | 它是dynamic类型对像 |
| 从Asp.net MVC 1 就有了 | ASP.NET MVC3 才有 |
| 基于Asp.net 3.5 framework | 基于Asp.net 4.0与.net framework |
| ViewData比ViewBag快 | ViewBag比ViewData慢 |
| 在ViewPage中查询数据时需要转换合适的类型 | 在ViewPage中查询数据时不需要类型转换 |
| 有一些类型转换代码 | 可读性更好 |
在Controller中使用ViewData:
public ActionResult UsingViewData()
{
ViewData["Title"] = " Using ViewData";
ViewData["ProjectName"] = "My Test Project";
ViewData["ProjectDescription"] = "This is Test Project to demo Viewdata and viewbag details";
ViewData["StartDate"] = new DateTime(2011, 1, 1);
ViewData["TotalPrice"] = 1000;
ViewData["TotalDays"] = 100;
Dictionary<string, string> stackholder = new Dictionary<string, string>();
stackholder.Add("Client","Mr. Client");
stackholder.Add("Manager","Mr. Joy");
stackholder.Add("Team Leader","Mr.Toy");
stackholder.Add("Sr. developer", "Mr.dojoy");
stackholder.Add("developer", "Mr. nodoy");
ViewData["stackholder"] = stackholder;
List<string> modules = new List<string>();
modules.Add("Admin module");
modules.Add("ShoppingCart module");
modules.Add("CMS module");
ViewData["modules"] = modules;
return View();
}
对应UsingViewData View的cshtml:
<h1>@ViewData["Title"]</h1>
<div>
<div>
<h2>Project Name : @ViewData["ProjectName"]</h2>
</div>
<div>
ProjectDescription :
<p>"@ViewData["ProjectDescription"]".</p>
</div>
<div>
Stack Holder :
<br />
<ul id="stakholder">
@foreach ( var stakerholder in ViewData["stackholder"] as Dictionary<string, string> )
{
<li>
@stakerholder.Key : @stakerholder.Value
</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
<div>
Project Details:<br />
<div>
module List :
<ul id="modulelist">
@foreach ( var module in ViewData["modules"] as List<string> )
{
<li>
@module
</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
Project StartDate : @ViewData["StartDate"] <br />
Project TotalPrice: @ViewData["TotalPrice"] <br />
Project TotaDays : @ViewData["TotalDays"]
</div>
</div>
然后是ViewBag:
public ActionResult UsingViewBag()
{
ViewBag.Title = " Using ViewBag";
ViewBag.ProjectName = "My Test Project";
ViewBag.ProjectDescription = "This is Test Project to demo Viewdata and viewbag details";
ViewBag.StartDate = new DateTime(2011, 1, 1);
ViewBag.TotalPrice = 1000;
ViewBag.TotalDays = 100;
Dictionary<string, string> stackholder = new Dictionary<string, string>();
stackholder.Add("Client", "Mr. Client");
stackholder.Add("Manager", "Mr. Joy");
stackholder.Add("Team Leader", "Mr.Toy");
stackholder.Add("Sr. developer", "Mr.dojoy");
stackholder.Add("developer", "Mr. nodoy");
ViewBag.stackholder = stackholder;
List<string> modules = new List<string>();
modules.Add("Admin module");
modules.Add("ShoppingCart module");
modules.Add("CMS module");
ViewBag.modules = modules;
return View();
}
对应View UsingViewBag 的cshtml的ViewBag:
<h1>@ViewBag.Title</h1>
<div>
<div>
<h2>Project Name : @ViewBag.ProjectName</h2>
</div>
<div>
ProjectDescription :
<p>"@ViewBag.ProjectDescription.</p>
</div>
<div>
Stack Holder :
<br />
<ul id="stakholder">
@foreach ( var stakerholder in ViewBag.stackholder )
{
<li>
@stakerholder.Key : @stakerholder.Value
</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
<div>
Project Details:<br />
<div>
module List :
<ul id="modulelist">
@foreach ( var module in ViewBag.modules )
{
<li>
@module
</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
Project StartDate : @ViewBag.StartDate.ToString("dd-MMM-yyyy") <br />
Project TotalPrice: @ViewBag.TotalPrice ₹ <br />
Project TotaDays : @ViewBag.TotalDays
</div>
</div>
后面是在Controller中使用ViewBag:
public ActionResult UsingViewBagInControlAndViewDataInView()
{
ViewBag.Title = " Using ViewBag In Control And ViewData In View";
ViewBag.ProjectName = "My Test Project";
ViewBag.ProjectDescription = "This is Test Project to demo Viewdata and viewbag details";
ViewBag.StartDate = new DateTime(2011, 1, 1);
ViewBag.TotalPrice = 1000;
ViewBag.TotalDays = 100;
Dictionary<string, string> stackholder = new Dictionary<string, string>();
stackholder.Add("Client", "Mr. Client");
stackholder.Add("Manager", "Mr. Joy");
stackholder.Add("Team Leader", "Mr.Toy");
stackholder.Add("Sr. developer", "Mr.dojoy");
stackholder.Add("developer", "Mr. nodoy");
ViewBag.stackholder = stackholder;
List<string> modules = new List<string>();
modules.Add("Admin module");
modules.Add("ShoppingCart module");
modules.Add("CMS module");
ViewBag.modules = modules;
return View();
}
在UsingViewBagInControlAndViewDataInView.cshtml中使用ViewData来取值：
<h1>@ViewData["Title"]</h1>
<div>
<div>
<h2>Project Name : @ViewData["ProjectName"]</h2>
</div>
<div>
ProjectDescription :
<p>"@ViewData["ProjectDescription"]".</p>
</div>
<div>
Stack Holder :
<br />
<ul id="stakholder">
@foreach ( var stakerholder in ViewData["stackholder"] as Dictionary<string, string> )
{
<li>
@stakerholder.Key : @stakerholder.Value
</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
<div>
Project Details:<br />
<div>
module List :
<ul id="modulelist">
@foreach ( var module in ViewData["modules"] as List<string> )
{
<li>
@module
</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
Project StartDate : @ViewData["StartDate"] <br />
Project TotalPrice: @ViewData["TotalPrice"] <br />
Project TotaDays : @ViewData["TotalDays"]
</div>
</div>
反过来是这样的:
public ActionResult UsingViewDataInControlAndViewBagInView()
{
ViewData["Title"] = " Using ViewData In Control And ViewBag In View";
ViewData["ProjectName"] = "My Test Project";
ViewData["ProjectDescription"] = "This is Test Project to demo Viewdata and viewbag details";
ViewData["StartDate"] = new DateTime(2011, 1, 1);
ViewData["TotalPrice"] = 1000;
ViewData["TotalDays"] = 100;
Dictionary<string, string> stackholder = new Dictionary<string, string>();
stackholder.Add("Client", "Mr. Client");
stackholder.Add("Manager", "Mr. Joy");
stackholder.Add("Team Leader", "Mr.Toy");
stackholder.Add("Sr. developer", "Mr.dojoy");
stackholder.Add("developer", "Mr. nodoy");
ViewData["stackholder"] = stackholder;
List<string> modules = new List<string>();
modules.Add("Admin module");
modules.Add("ShoppingCart module");
modules.Add("CMS module");
ViewData["modules"] = modules;
return View();
}
在UsingViewDataInControlAndViewBagInView.cshtml 的View中使用ViewBag来取值:
<h1>@ViewBag.Title</h1>
<div>
<div>
<h2>Project Name : @ViewBag.ProjectName</h2>
</div>
<div>
ProjectDescription :
<p>"@ViewBag.ProjectDescription.</p>
</div>
<div>
Stack Holder :
<br />
<ul id="stakholder">
@foreach ( var stakerholder in ViewBag.stackholder )
{
<li>
@stakerholder.Key : @stakerholder.Value
</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
<div>
Project Details:<br />
<div>
module List :
<ul id="modulelist">
@foreach ( var module in ViewBag.modules )
{
<li>
@module
</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
Project StartDate : @ViewBag.StartDate.ToString("dd-MMM-yyyy") <br />
Project TotalPrice: @ViewBag.TotalPrice ₹ <br />
Project TotaDays : @ViewBag.TotalDays
</div>
</div>
这样对比看上去会比较清楚一些。在源代码中的ViewBag是这样的属性:
public dynamic ViewBag {
get {
if (_dynamicViewData == null) {
_dynamicViewData = new DynamicViewDataDictionary(() => ViewData);
}
return _dynamicViewData;
}
}
ViewData是：
public ViewDataDictionary ViewData {
get {
if (_viewData == null) {
SetViewData(new ViewDataDictionary());
}
return _viewData;
}
set {
SetViewData(value);
}
}
具体细节在这儿不深入了，这里只是抛砖引玉。希望对您Asp.net MVC开发有帮助。
作者：Petter Liu
出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/wintersun/
本文版权归作者和博客园共有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。
该文章也同时发布在我的独立博客中-Petter Liu Blog。
posted @ 2012-01-21 15:48 PetterLiu 阅读(426) 评论(0)
编辑 Asp.net MVC 3 应用程序中，单元测试对项目的质量意义重大。除了对Model，Controller进行单元测试，有时还需要对View也进行。对View进行测试目前并不容易做，大多数情况下可能做的是BlackBox测试。现在可以使用Razor Generator简化对Razor View单元测试。你可以从这里安装 VS2010的扩展。
然后在VIEW上右键属性，对Custom Tool 使用Razor Generator，如下图，它就生成一个对应名称的Class, 文件与View在同一位置。
然后我们看这个Class是这样的:
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("RazorGenerator", "1.3.0.0")]
[System.Web.WebPages.PageVirtualPathAttribute("~/Views/Home/TestViewInOutTime.cshtml")]
public class TestViewInOutTime : System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage<dynamic>
{
public TestViewInOutTime()
{
}
public override void Execute()
{
#line 1 "..\..\Views\Home\TestViewInOutTime.cshtml"
Layout = null;
#line default
#line hidden
WriteLiteral("\r\n<!DOCTYPE html>\r\n\r\n<html>\r\n<head>\r\n <title>TestViewInOutTime</title>\r\n</head" +
">\r\n<body>\r\n <div>\r\n <h1 id=\"titleOne\">This is your life</h1>\r\n </di" +
"v>\r\n</body>\r\n</html>\r\n");
}
}
这个View的内容是:
@{
Layout = null;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>TestViewInOutTime</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<h1 id="titleOne">This is your life</h1>
</div>
</body>
</html>
好的，接下来在你的单元测试项目中使用NuGet安装RazorGenerator.Testing, 它有下面的依赖组件同是安装:
HtmlAgilityPack
Moq
ReflectionMagic
接着我们就可以写这样的单元测试代码。
[TestMethod]
public void TestGetGivenIdInnerHtmlFromViews()
{
//arrange
var views = new TestViewInOutTime();
//act
HtmlDocument doc = views.RenderAsHtml();
HtmlNode node = doc.GetElementbyId("titleOne");
//assert
Assert.IsNotNull(node);
Assert.AreEqual("This is your life", node.InnerHtml.Trim());
}
上面的代码您可能看到把当前View Render以后是一个HtmlDocument，这是HtmlAgilityPack中的类。HtmlAgilityPack是一个解析HTML的类库。
然后我们找到titleOne的结点比较的它的InnerHtml。那么对PartialView同样也可以：
Tel.cshtml内容是这样的:
021-77677878
代码是这样的:
[TestMethod]
public void TestPartialView()
{
//arrange
var views = new Tel();
//act
HtmlDocument doc = views.RenderAsHtml();
//assert
Assert.IsNotNull(doc);
Assert.AreEqual("021-77677878", doc.DocumentNode.InnerText);
}
对Views的UnitTest本来就是棘手的事儿，因为View是在运行时编译的。但 Razor Generator 直接生成View类以方便我们测试它。那什么样产景下我们需要对View进行单元测试呢？有时我们没有必要比较整个输出的Html, 只需要比较是关键的某一段Html即可。
希望对您开发有帮助。
作者：Petter Liu
出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/wintersun/
本文版权归作者和博客园共有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。
该文章也同时发布在我的独立博客中-Petter Liu Blog。
posted @ 2012-01-21 10:41 PetterLiu 阅读(136) 评论(0)
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