一、retain属性的主要作用

  1、O-C内存管理和点语法

    1>OC内存管理正常情况要使用大量的retain和relrese操作

    2>点语法可以减少使用retain和release的操作  

二、@property(retain)编译器如何申明

  编译器对于@property中的retain展开是不一样的

  主要是要释放上一次的值,增加本次计数器

  在dog.h中声明的:

  @property(retain)Dog *dog;

  展开后为:

  -(void) setDog:(Dog *)aDog;

  -(Dog *)dog;

三、@synthesize编译器如何实现展开

  在dog.m中实现:

  @synthesize dog=_dog;

  展开后为:

  -(void) setDog:(Dog *)aDog{

    if(_dog!=aDog){

    [_dog release];

    _dog=[aDog retain];

    }

       }

  -(Dog *)dog{

    return _dog;

  }

四、dealloc需要注意内容

  dealloc必须要释放dog(retain)

  在dog.m中

  -(void) dealloc

  {

    self.dog=nil;

    [super dealloc];

  }

五、copy属性的主要作用

  copy属性是完全把对象重新拷贝了一份,计数器从新设置为1,和之前拷贝的数据完全脱离关系。

  @property(copy) NSString* str;

  //表示属性的getter函数

  -(double) str

  {

    return str;

  }

  //表示属性的setter函数

  -(void) setStr:(NSString *)newStr

  {

    str=[newStr copy];

  }

六、assign,retain,copy

  1、foo=value;//简单的引用赋值

  2、foo=[value retain];//引用赋值,并且增加value的计数器

  3、foo=[value copy];//将value复制了一份给foo,复制后,foo和value就毫无关系

Person.h中的代码

View Code
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Dog.h"
@interface Person : NSObject
{
    Dog *_dog;
}
//- (void) setDog:(Dog *)aDog;
//- (Dog *) dog;
@property (retain) Dog *dog;


@end

Person.m

View Code
#import "Person.h"

@implementation Person
@synthesize dog = _dog;
//- (void) setDog:(Dog *)aDog
//{
//    if (aDog != _dog) {
//        [_dog release];
//        
//        _dog = [aDog retain];
//        //让_dog技术器 +1
//    }
//}
//- (Dog *) dog
//{
//    return _dog;
//}

- (void) dealloc
{
    NSLog(@"person is dealloc");
    // 把人拥有的_dog释放
    //[_dog release], _dog = nil;
    self.dog = nil;
    //[self setDog:nil];
    [super dealloc];
}

@end

Dog.h

View Code
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface Dog : NSObject
{
    int _ID;
}
@property int ID;

@end

Dog.m

View Code
#import "Dog.h"

@implementation Dog

@synthesize ID = _ID;

- (void) dealloc
{
    NSLog(@"dog %d is dealloc", _ID);
    [super dealloc];
}
@end

main.m

View Code
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Person.h"
#import "Dog.h"
// Person
// Dog.
// Person Dog.

int main (int argc, const char * argv[])
{

    @autoreleasepool {
        NSLog(@"Hello, World!");
        
        Dog *dog1 = [[Dog alloc] init];
        [dog1 setID:1];
        
        Dog *dog2 = [[Dog alloc] init];
        [dog2 setID:2];
        
        Person *xiaoLi = [[Person alloc] init];
        [xiaoLi setDog:dog1];
        
        [xiaoLi setDog:dog2];
        
        [dog1 release];
        [xiaoLi release];
        [dog2 release];
        
#if 0
        Dog *dog1 = [[Dog alloc] init];
        [dog1 setID:1];
        
        Person *xiaoLi = [[Person alloc] init];
        // 小丽要遛狗
        [xiaoLi setDog:dog1];
        
        Person *xiaoWang = [[Person alloc] init];
        [xiaoWang setDog:dog1];
        
        NSLog(@"dog1 retain count is %ld", 
              [dog1 retainCount]);
        // dog1 retain count is 3
        
        [dog1 release];
        NSLog(@"dog1 retain count2 is %ld", 
              [dog1 retainCount]);
        // dog1 retain count2 is 2
        
        [xiaoWang release];
        
        NSLog(@"dog1 retain count3 is %ld", 
              [dog1 retainCount]);
        // person is dealloc
       //  dog1 retain count3 is 1
    
        [xiaoLi release];

        // person is dealloc
        // dog 1 is dealloc
#endif

    }
    return 0;
}

 

 

posted on 2012-12-23 13:32  千里烟波226  阅读(3773)  评论(4编辑  收藏  举报