中文手机评论情感分析系列（二）

第二部分是评论基于属性词典的分类，分类原则是只要评论中属性词典中的分词，那么评论就分到该属性类中去。

'''基于词典的评论文本按属性分类'''

import pandas as pd
import re,time
import jieba
from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import  CountVectorizer, TfidfTransformer
from sklearn.naive_bayes import MultinomialNB
import numpy as np
import pyltp,os

class TextClass():
    def __init__(self):
        self.stopWord=[]

    '''分词和词性标注'''
    def seg_pos(self,sent):
        stopWord_Path = 'D:/论文文件/学习文件/情感分析/dict词典/哈工大stopword .txt'
        with open(stopWord_Path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as fr:  # 加载停用词
            for word in fr.readlines():
                self.stopWord.append(word.strip())
        line = re.sub(r'[a-zA-Z0-9]*', '', sent)
        abs_path = 'D:\\LTP\\ltp_data_v3.4.0\\'  # 根目录绝对路径
        cws_path = os.path.join(abs_path, 'cws.model')  # 分词库文件路径
        seg = pyltp.Segmentor()  # 分词器对象
        seg.load(cws_path)  # 加载分词语料库
        cword = seg.segment(line)
        wordList = list(cword)
        # print(wordList)
        word_filter = [word for word in wordList if word not in self.stopWord]
        pos_model_path = os.path.join(abs_path, 'pos.model')  # 词性标注模型路径
        pos = pyltp.Postagger()
        pos.load(pos_model_path)
        pos_word = pos.postag(word_filter)
        pos.release()  # 释放实例
        seg.release()
        # return list(pos_word),
        return list(zip(word_filter, list(pos_word)))

    '''特征提取'''
    def feature_extraction(self,pos):
        features = []
        for i in pos:
            if i[1] in ['n', 'nz', 'j']:
                features.append(i[0])  # 直接获得评论中的特征词
        return features

    '''加载词典'''
    def openFile(self,path):
        with open(path,'r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
            for word in f.readlines():
                yield word.strip()

    '''文本特征化'''
    def text2feature(self,text_list):
        feature_list=[]
        for line in text_list:
            pos=self.seg_pos(line)
            if len(self.feature_extraction(pos))==0:#如果评论没有特征词的话，那么标记一下为'none'，以便于后面对这类无特征文本的处理
                feature_list.append(['none'])
            else:
                feature_list.append(self.feature_extraction(pos))
        return feature_list

    '''文本分类'''
    def classify(self,feature_list):
        abs_path = 'D:\\论文文件\\阅读论文\\写论文准备\\字典构建\\手机属性词典\\dictionary_0_3\\'
        save_name = ['相机.txt', '处理器.txt', '价格.txt', '性能.txt', '续航.txt','外观.txt', '售后.txt']
        c1 = list(self.openFile(abs_path+save_name[0]))
        c2 = list(self.openFile(abs_path+save_name[1]))
        c3 = list(self.openFile(abs_path+save_name[2]))
        c4 = list(self.openFile(abs_path + save_name[3]))
        c5 = list(self.openFile(abs_path + save_name[4]))
        c6 = list(self.openFile(abs_path + save_name[5]))
        c7 = list(self.openFile(abs_path + save_name[6]))
        dict={'camera':set([]),'processor':set([]),'price':set([]),'performance':set([]),'endurance':set([]),'appearance':set([]),'serve':set([]),'none':set([])}
        for i in range(len(feature_list)):
            for j in feature_list[i]:
                if j in c1:
                    dict['camera'].add(i)
                if j in c2:
                    dict['processor'].add(i)
                if j in c3:
                    dict['price'].add(i)
                if j in c4:
                    dict['performance'].add(i)
                if j in c5:
                    dict['endurance'].add(i)
                if j in c6:
                    dict['appearance'].add(i)
                if j in c7:
                    dict['serve'].add(i)
                if j=='none' :
                    dict['none'].add(i)
        return dict
        ##########!!!!!!这里缺少一个对于没有特正在7个属性词典的评论的处理，，明天解决！！！（初步想法是建立一个包含所有特征的词典，如果不在则评论放到无属性集合里

    '''根据上面分类的结果(索引字典)将原文件里的评论分开，并存储'''
    def classify_save(self,index_dict,abs_path,ori_file):
        # 其中index_dict是分类的结果，为字典索引
        # abs_path是存储分类文本的绝对地址
        # ori_file是要分类的评论文本文件，且是DataFrame格式文件
        #无返回文件，以csv格式存储分类结果
        keys=index_dict.keys()
        print(keys)
        for i in keys:#注意encoding='gbk',index=False编码格式和去掉列的默认索引DataFrame.ix[]的用法
            # print('关键词',i )
            # print(list(index_dict[i]))
            # print(ori_file.ix[list(index_dict[i])].comment)
            ori_file.ix[list(index_dict[i])].to_csv(abs_path+i+'.csv',encoding='gbk',index=False)

    '''集成所有功能的一个函数，直接输入预测数据地址，和保存分类好结果的地址'''
    def all(self,pre_data_path,save_abs_path):
        file=list(pd.read_csv(pre_data_path,sep=',',encoding='GBK').comment)
        text_feature = self.text2feature(file)
        result = self.classify(text_feature)
        comment_file = pd.read_csv(pre_data_path, sep=',', encoding='GBK')
        self.classify_save(result, save_abs_path, comment_file)
        for i in result.keys():#输出各个属性评论占总评论的比例
            print(i+'的评论比例:', len(result[i]) / len(file))

if __name__=='__main__'  :
    s=time.time()
    '''对Excel中的预测数据按属性分类返回各类别评论索引'''
    '''华为预测数据'''
    path_xiaomi  = 'D:/machinelearning data/crawlerData/xiaomi6X_pre_JD100.csv'
    '''华为预测数据'''
    path_huawei= 'D:/machinelearning data/crawlerData/huaweiP20_pre_JD100.csv'
    abs_path_xiaomi='D:\\machinelearning data\\crawlerData\\cluster_data\\feature_phone_xiaomi\\'
    abs_path_huawei='D:\\machinelearning data\\crawlerData\\cluster_data\\feature_phone_huawei\\'
    demo=TextClass()
    #demo.all(path_xiaomi,abs_path_xiaomi)
    demo.all(path_huawei, abs_path_huawei)
    e=time.time()
    print('耗时:',e-s)