kubeadm安装k8s

目录

• 1.环境准备
• 2.所有节点安装docker
• 3.所有节点安装kubeadm
• 4.Nginx负载均衡部署
• 5.部署K8S集群
• 6.所有节点部署网络插件flannel

1.环境准备

（1）在所有节点上安装Docker和kubeadm
（2）部署Kubernetes Master
（3）部署容器网络插件
（4）部署 Kubernetes Node，将节点加入Kubernetes集群中
（5）部署 Dashboard Web 页面，可视化查看Kubernetes资源
（6）部署 Harbor 私有仓库，存放镜像资源

#关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
iptables -F && iptables -t nat -F && iptables -t mangle -F && iptables -X 

#关闭selinux
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
vim /etc/selinux/config

#关闭swap
swapoff -a  #交换分区必须要关闭

#永久关闭swap分区，&符号在sed命令中代表上次匹配的结果
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab 

#加载 ip_vs 模块
for i in $(ls /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs|grep -o "^[^.]*");do echo $i; /sbin/modinfo -F filename $i >/dev/null 2>&1 && /sbin/modprobe $i;done

#修改主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname master01
hostnamectl set-hostname master02
hostnamectl set-hostname master03
hostnamectl set-hostname node01
hostnamectl set-hostname node02

bash

#在master添加hosts
vim /etc/hosts
20.0.0.160 master01
20.0.0.170 master02
20.0.0.180 master03
20.0.0.130 node01
20.0.0.140 node02

#调整内核参数
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf << EOF
#开启网桥模式，可将网桥的流量传递给iptables链
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
#关闭ipv6协议
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
EOF

ls
sysctl --system   #加载

#内核限制优化配置
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft nproc 65536
* hard nproc 65536
* soft memlock unlimited
* hard memlock unlimited

#升级内核
uname -r  #查看内核
hostnamectl
yum clean all && yum makecache
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
ls
mv local.repo repo.bak/
ls
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo
[elrepo]
name=elrepo
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/elrepo/archive/kernel/el7/x86_64
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

rz -E   #上传aliyun的在线源
CentOS-Base-aliyun.repo

yum clean all   #清空缓存
yum install -y kernel-lt kernet-lt-devel   #集群升级内核
#awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {print i++ " : " $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg  #查看内核序号
grub2-set-default 0   #设置默认启动内核
reboot   #重启操作系统
uname -r 
hostnamectl  #查看生效版本

2.所有节点安装docker

#yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo 
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://6ijb8ubo.mirror.aliyuncs.com", "https://docker.m.daocloud.io", "https://docker.1panel.live"],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "500m", "max-file": "3"
  }
}
EOF

systemctl enable --now docker
docker info

3.所有节点安装kubeadm

//定义kubernetes源
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

yum install -y kubelet-1.20.15 kubeadm-1.20.15 kubectl-1.20.15

//开机自启kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet.service

4.Nginx负载均衡部署

20.0.0.100 lb01
20.0.0.110 lb02

#### 在lb01、lb02节点上操作####
systemctl disable --now firewalld
setenforce 0
vim /etc/selinux/config
    disabled
    
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
ls
rz -E 上传nginx.repo
yum install -y nginx
cd /etc/nginx/
ls
nginx -V
//修改nginx配置文件，配置四层反向代理负载均衡，指定k8s群集2台master的节点ip和6443端口
vim nginx.conf

//检查配置文件语法
nginx -t   

//启动nginx服务，查看已监听6443端口
systemctl enable --now nginx
netstat -lntp | grep nginx 

//部署keepalived服务
yum install -y keepalived 

#### 在lb01节点上操作####
//修改keepalived配置文件
cd /etc/keepalived/
ls
cp keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.bak
ls
touch nginx_check.sh
vim nginx_check.sh

#!/bin/bash

if ! killall -0 nginx &> /dev/null
   then
   systemctl stop keepalived
fi

chmod +x nginx_check.sh
vim  keepalived.conf

scp keepalived.conf nginx_check.sh 20.0.0.110:`pwd`


#### 20.0.0.110 lb02 #####
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

router_id NGINX_01
state BACKUP
priority 90

systemctl enable --now keepalived.service
ip a

#验证
#####20.0.0.100 lb01#####
systemctl stop nginx
ip a

#####20.0.0.110 lb01#####
ip a

#####20.0.0.110 lb01#####
systemctl start nginx keepalived.service

验证

5.部署K8S集群

//在 master01 节点上操作
cd /opt/
mkdir k8s
cd k8s/
ls

//初始化kubeadm
kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm-config.yaml
ls
vim kubeadm-config.yaml


//在线拉取镜像
cd /opt/k8s/
kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version 1.20.15  #查看需要哪些镜像
kubeadm config images pull --config kubeadm-config.yaml

//在 master01 节点上操作
scp kubeadm-config.yaml master 02:/opt/k8s/
scp kubeadm-config.yaml master 03:/opt/k8s/

//在 master02 、master03节点上操作
cd /opt/
mkdir k8s
ls
kubeadm config images pull --config kubeadm-config.yaml

注：首行缩进两空格，冒号后空格

• 在线拉取镜像
  
  
  
  
  
  

//初始化 master01 
#kubeadm reset ##重置

kubeadm init --config=kubeadm-config.yaml --upload-certs | tee kubeadm-init.log
#--upload-certs 参数可以在后续执行加入节点时自动分发证书文件
#tee kubeadm-init.log 用以输出日志

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config  #在master节点查看节点状态

kubectl get nodes


//在 master02 、master03节点上操作
kubeadm join 20.0.0.88:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:33e1edc63043eeab570588be06de5ac5711e3c9a60f7e3047948d3a96f1ac6bc \
    --control-plane --certificate-key 6a31310b6e019ebb74d2134b5f279263aebe3897217650a60c7f27920bf3d34e


mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config 


kubectl get nodes


//在 node 节点上执行 kubeadm join 命令加入群集
kubeadm join 20.0.0.88:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:33e1edc63043eeab570588be06de5ac5711e3c9a60f7e3047948d3a96f1ac6bc

6.所有节点部署网络插件flannel

20.0.0.160 master01
20.0.0.170 master02
20.0.0.180 master03
20.0.0.130 node01
20.0.0.140 node02

//在 master01 节点上操作
cd /opt/k8s/
rz -E 上传flannel-v0.21.5.zip
unzip flannel-v0.21.5.zip
ls
docker load -i flannel.tar
docker load -i flannel-cni-plugin.tar


//在node 01 02 节点上操作
cd /opt/
mkdir k8s
cd k8s/


//在 master01 节点上操作
scp cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.3.0.tgz flannel-cni-plugin.tar flannel.tar master02:/opt/k8s/

scp cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.3.0.tgz flannel-cni-plugin.tar flannel.tar master03:/opt/k8s/

scp cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.3.0.tgz flannel-cni-plugin.tar flannel.tar node01:/opt/k8s/

scp cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.3.0.tgz flannel-cni-plugin.tar flannel.tar node02:/opt/k8s/


//在 master02 03,node 01 02节点上操作
docker load -i flannel.tar
docker load -i flannel-cni-plugin.tar

//在 所有 节点上操作
20.0.0.160 master01
20.0.0.170 master02
20.0.0.180 master03
20.0.0.130 node01
20.0.0.140 node02

cd /opt/
ls 
mv cni/ cni_bak
ls
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
cd /opt/k8s/
tar xf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.3.0.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin 
ls !$

//在 master 节点创建 flannel 资源
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml 
kubectl get pods -A
kubectl get nodes  #在master节点查看节点状态

#创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')


//测试访问
https://20.0.0.130:30001