【oracle静默安装】记录

1.依赖和常用命令安装

yum install wget unzip vim net-tools lrzsz -y

如果还是缺少依赖执行下面安装

yum -y install binutils* compat-libcap1* compat-libstdc++* gcc* gcc-c++* glibc* glibc-devel* ksh* libaio* libaio-devel* libgcc* libstdc++* libstdc++-devel* libXi* libXtst* make* sysstat* elfutils* unixODBC*

2.修改内核参数

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

io-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

生效
sysctl -p

 

3.优化进程和回话

vim /etc/security/limits.conf

#@student        -       maxlogins       4
oracle           soft    nproc           2047
oracle           hard    nproc           16384
oracle           soft    nofile          1024
oracle           hard    nofile          65536
oracle           soft    stack           10240

关联设置
vi /etc/pam.d/login

-session optional pam_ck_connector.so #在后面加下面两行
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so

4.修改环境变量

vim /etc/profile

done #在done后面下下面内容
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
  if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
   ulimit -p 16384
   ulimit -n 65536
  else
   ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
  fi
fi

source /etc/profile #加载生效

5创建用户和目录

添加oinstall 、dba 组

groupadd oinstall #创建oinstall组
groupadd dba #创建dba组
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle #新建用户oracle，设定其主组为oinstall,副组为dba
id oracle #检查结果
passwd oracle #设置oracle用户密码


mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata
mkdir /u01/app/oracle/inventory
mkdir /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

主机名修改和修改hosts文件

[root@zsl ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname zsl.cn

[root@zsl ~]# vim /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
45.115.243.24 zsl zsl.cn

6.解压oracle安装包先把两个安装包放到/tmp下

 

[root@zsl ~]# ls /tmp/
linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip 

[root@zsl ~]# cd /tmp/

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip && unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

7.编写应答文件

[root@zsl tmp]# cat /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp | egrep -v  ^#

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=zsl.cn
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/inventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

 

7.设置用户环境变量（oracle用户下）

[root@zsl ~]# su - oracle
Last login: Sat Dec  1 01:11:20 EST 2018 on pts/0
[oracle@zsl ~]$ vim .bash_profile


# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_SID=orcl
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH
export DISPLAY=45.115.243.24:0.0 #可能不需要未测试
source /home/oracle/.bash_profile #加载环境生效

8.开始安装数据库

su - oracle

cd /tmp/database/

./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp

如果提示提示：$ Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError
root 用户下执行
unset DISPLAY

通过打开另个一个窗口通过日志查看安装情况 日志文件有提醒
tail -F /u01/app/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions2018-11-29_10-14-15PM.log

按照提示打开一个新的窗口root用户运行脚本

# sh /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

然后在原来的安装窗口回车完成安装

 

9.用oracle用户登录配置监听

#su - oracle

[oracle@zsl database]$ export DISPLAY=local_host:0.0 #弹一个窗口的话需要执行此命令

[oracle@zsl database]$ netca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/netca.rsp #无法发现netca是因为oracle环境变量没配置好最好手动或者复制

$ll $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/*.ora
$lsnrctl status

netstat -tnulp | grep 1521

然后启动监听器

1.lsnrctl start  
会看到启动成功的界面;

1.lsnrctl stop  
停止监听器命令.

1.lsnrctl status  
查看监听器命令.

 

下面错误是以为依赖包不全

[oracle@zsl database]$ netca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/netca.rsp
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/jdk/jre/lib/amd64/xawt/libmawt.so: libXext.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(ClassLoader.java:1751)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1647)

安装失败重置文件

rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/inventory/*
rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/*
rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/*

将oracle使用者加入到sudo群组中 不是非常必要
#vi /etc/sudoers

root ALL=(ALL) ALL
oracle ALL=(ALL) ALL

 

下载地址和参考教程

官网教程
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24325/toc.htm#CEGEGDBA

安装教程
https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/20b68a889ed643796dec624c.html

centos7
https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/90895e0f29c92164ec6b0bd1.html

下载地址
qq邮箱账号

1609lonG
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/112010-linx8664soft-098700-zhs.html
wget https://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip?AuthParam=1543451837_062bf11620f929884b2e1b893f32f6e7
wget https://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip?AuthParam=1543452074_2a7fe6a8ffb48e324ea659455d344c05