.net chart(图表)控件的使用

.Net chart control for .net framework 3.5

文章类型：原创文章

摘要:

这个案例指在介绍微软这套免费又功能强大的图表控件Microsoft Chart Controls for Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5,通过它，可让您的项目及报表，轻松套用各种功能强大的 2D、3D、实时变化的动态图表；且透过 AJAX，可让图表及里面的数据，每秒钟都持续更新；使用者透过浏览器，可和图表做各种互动设定

下面结合BBVS项目中温度功能模块中温度曲线的绘制做了如下Demo,供大家学习微软的这款功能强大的图标控件，这里只是起一个抛砖引玉的作用，更多更好玩的功能还等大家不断进一步去挖掘！

首先，让大家瞧瞧Chart控件的庐山真面目和组成吧,不然有些对不住大家，呵呵

一、需引用的DLL

要想利用这个功能强大的控件，首先必须引用以下DLL和相关文件:

1. 在WinForm应用程序中要想使用该图表控件，需引用如下DLL:

System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Design.dll

System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.dll

System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.xml

2. 在Web应用程序中要想使用该图表控件，需引用如下DLL:

System.Web.DataVisualization.dll

System.Web.DataVisualization.Design.dll

System.Web.DataVisualization.xml

二、采用WinForm程序使用该图表控件

1. 创建一个WinForm工程: DemoCollection

2. 添加一个Form窗体: FrmChartDemo

3. 添加所需的DLL引用

4. 在该窗体的Load事件函数中动态创建好Chart对象实例

5. 添加一个Timer控件，在Timer控件的Tick事件函数中向Chart中添加坐标值(X值和Y值),然后在窗体中绘制出来.

6. FrmChartDemo的后台代码如下:

FrmChartDemo.cs:

View Code

using System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting;

namespace DemoCollection
{
    public partial class FrmChartDemo : Form
    {
        #region the variable definiton

        private Chart chart1;
        private Random random = new Random();
        private int maxYValue = 20;
        private int minYValue = 0;

        #endregion

        #region Ctor

        public FrmChartDemo()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            this.Load += new EventHandler(FrmChartDemo_Load);
            this.timer1.Tick += new EventHandler(timer1_Tick);
        }

        #endregion

        #region the event handler

        void FrmChartDemo_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            #region from BBVS porject

            // Create a Chart
            chart1 = new Chart();

            // Create Chart Area
            ChartArea chartArea1 = new ChartArea();

            // Add Chart Area to the Chart
            chart1.ChartAreas.Add(chartArea1);

            #region Set the Chart

            // Set the chart style
            chart1.BackGradientStyle = System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.GradientStyle.TopBottom;
            chart1.BackSecondaryColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            chart1.BorderlineColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(((int)(((byte)(26)))), ((int)(((byte)(59)))), ((int)(((byte)(105)))));
            chart1.BorderlineDashStyle = System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.ChartDashStyle.Solid;
            chart1.BorderlineWidth = 2;
            chart1.BorderSkin.SkinStyle = System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.BorderSkinStyle.Emboss;
            chart1.BackColor = Color.SteelBlue;
            chart1.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;

            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.Inclination = 15;
            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.IsClustered = true;
            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.IsRightAngleAxes = false;
            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.Perspective = 10;
            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.Rotation = 10;
            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.WallWidth = 0;

            // 设置是否启用 3D 效果
            //chartArea1.Area3DStyle.Enable3D = true;

            chartArea1.AxisX.LabelStyle.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Trebuchet MS", 8.25F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);
            chartArea1.AxisX.LabelStyle.Format = "hh:mm:ss";
            chartArea1.AxisX.LabelStyle.Interval = 5D; // 10D;
            chartArea1.AxisX.LabelStyle.IntervalType = System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.DateTimeIntervalType.Seconds;

            chartArea1.AxisX.LineColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))));
            chartArea1.AxisX.MajorGrid.Interval = 5D; // 10D;
            chartArea1.AxisX.MajorGrid.IntervalType = System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.DateTimeIntervalType.Seconds;
            chartArea1.AxisX.MajorGrid.LineColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))));
            chartArea1.AxisX.MajorTickMark.Interval = 5D; // 10D;
            chartArea1.AxisX.MajorTickMark.IntervalType = System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.DateTimeIntervalType.Seconds;

            chartArea1.AxisY.IsLabelAutoFit = false;
            chartArea1.AxisY.IsStartedFromZero = false;
            chartArea1.AxisY.LabelStyle.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Trebuchet MS", 8.25F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);
            chartArea1.AxisY.LineColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))));
            chartArea1.AxisY.MajorGrid.LineColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))));

            #region 设置 Y 轴的最大值和最小值

            chartArea1.AxisY.Maximum = this.maxYValue + 6;
            chartArea1.AxisY.Minimum = this.minYValue - 6;

            #endregion

            chartArea1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(165)))), ((int)(((byte)(191)))), ((int)(((byte)(228)))));
            chartArea1.BackGradientStyle = System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.GradientStyle.TopBottom;
            chartArea1.BackSecondaryColor = System.Drawing.Color.White;
            chartArea1.BorderColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))));
            chartArea1.BorderDashStyle = System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.ChartDashStyle.Solid;

            chartArea1.InnerPlotPosition.Auto = false;
            chartArea1.InnerPlotPosition.Height = 85F;
            chartArea1.InnerPlotPosition.Width = 86F;
            chartArea1.InnerPlotPosition.X = 8.3969F;
            chartArea1.InnerPlotPosition.Y = 3.63068F;

            chartArea1.Name = "Default";
            chartArea1.Position.Auto = false;
            chartArea1.Position.Height = 86.76062F;
            chartArea1.Position.Width = 88F;
            chartArea1.Position.X = 5.089137F;
            chartArea1.Position.Y = 5.895753F;
            chartArea1.ShadowColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;

            #endregion

            #region Create a Legend

            Legend legend1 = new Legend();
            legend1.Alignment = System.Drawing.StringAlignment.Far;
            legend1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            legend1.DockedToChartArea = "Default";
            legend1.Docking = System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.Docking.Top;
            legend1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Trebuchet MS", 8.25F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);
            legend1.IsTextAutoFit = false;
            legend1.LegendStyle = System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.LegendStyle.Row;
            legend1.Name = "Default";
            chart1.Legends.Add(legend1);

            #endregion

            #region Create a Series

            Series series1 = new Series();
            series1.BorderColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(((int)(((byte)(180)))), ((int)(((byte)(26)))), ((int)(((byte)(59)))), ((int)(((byte)(105)))));
            series1.ChartArea = "Default";
            series1.ChartType = System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.SeriesChartType.FastLine;//Line;
            series1.Color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(((int)(((byte)(224)))), ((int)(((byte)(64)))), ((int)(((byte)(10)))));

            series1.Legend = "Default";
            series1.Name = "Series1";
            series1.ShadowOffset = 1;
            series1.YValuesPerPoint = 2;
            chart1.Series.Add(series1);

            // 设置是否在 Chart 中显示坐标点值
            series1.IsValueShownAsLabel = true;

            #endregion

            // Set chart control location
            chart1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);

            // Add chart control to the form
            this.Controls.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.Control[] { this.chart1 });

            #endregion
        }

        void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            double tempValue = 0.0;

            // 随机产生温度值
            tempValue = random.Next(this.minYValue, this.maxYValue);

            DateTime timeStamp = DateTime.Now;
            double xValue = DateTime.Now.ToOADate();

            // 向 Chart中添加 X轴和 Y轴的值
            chart1.Series["Series1"].Points.AddXY(xValue, tempValue);

            // remove all points from the source series older than 20 seconds.
            double removeBefore = timeStamp.AddSeconds((double)(20) * (-1)).ToOADate();

            //remove oldest values to maintain a constant number of data points
            if (chart1.Series[0].Points.Count > 0)
            {
                while (chart1.Series[0].Points[0].XValue < removeBefore)
                {
                    chart1.Series[0].Points.RemoveAt(0);
                }

                chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Minimum = chart1.Series[0].Points[0].XValue;
                chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Maximum = DateTime.FromOADate(chart1.Series[0].Points[0].XValue).AddSeconds(20).ToOADate();
            }
            else
            {
                //chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Minimum = (double)minTempThreshold;
                //chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Maximum = (double)maxTempThreshold;
            }

            chart1.Invalidate();
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

三、运行结果如下

1. 运行效果如下: