实验4

一.任务1

1.

#include<stdio.h>
#define N 4

int main()
{
    int a[N] = { 2,0,2,3 };
    char b[N] = { '2','0','2','3' };
    int i;

    printf("sizeof(int)=%d\n", sizeof(int));
    printf("sizeof(char)=%d\n", sizeof(char));
    printf("\n");

    for (i = 0;i < N;++i)
        printf("%p:%d\n", &a[i], a[i]);
    printf("\n");


    for (i = 0;i < N;++i)
        printf("%p:%c\n", &b[i], b[i]);
    printf("\n");

    printf("a=%p\n", a);
    printf("b=%p\n", b);

    return 0;

}

2.

 

#include<stdio.h>
#define N 2
#define M 3

int main()
{
    int a[N][M] = { {1,2,3},{4,5,6} };
    char b[N][M] = { {'1','2','3'},{'4','5','6'} };
    int i,j;

    for (i = 0;i < N;++i)
        for(j=0;j<N;++j)
        printf("%p:%d\n", &a[i][j], a[i][j]);
    printf("\n");

    printf("a=%p\n", a);
    printf("a[0]=%p\n", a[0]);
    printf("a[1]=%p\n", a[1]);
    printf("\n");

    for (i = 0;i < N;++i)
        for (j = 0;j < M;++j)
            printf("%p:%c\n", &b[i][j], b[i][j]);
    printf("\n");

    printf("b=%p\n", b);
    printf("b[0]=%p\n",b[0]);
    printf("b[1]=%p\n",b[1]);
    printf("\n");

    return 0;

}

 

二.任务2

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define N 80

void swap_str(char s1[N], char s2[N]);
void test1();
void test2();

int main() {

    printf("测试1：用两个一维数组，实现两个字符串交换\n");
    test1();

    printf("测试2：用二维数组，实现两个字符串交换\n");
    test2();

    return 0;
}

void test1() {
    char views1[N] = "hey, C, I hate u.";
    char views2[N] = "hey, C, I love u.";

    printf("交换前：\n");
    puts(views1);
    puts(views2);

    swap_str(views1, views2);

    printf("交换后: \n");
    puts(views1);
    puts(views2);
}

void test2() {
    char views[2][N] = { "hey, C, I hate u.", "hey, C, I love u." };

    printf("交换前：\n");
    puts(views[0]);
    puts(views[1]);

    swap_str(views[0], views[1]);

    printf("交换后: \n");
    puts(views[0]);
    puts(views[1]);
}

void swap_str(char s1[N], char s2[N]) {
    char tmp[N];

    strcpy_s(tmp,N,s1);
    strcpy_s(s1,N,s2);
    strcpy_s(s2,N,tmp);
}

三.任务3

1.

#include <stdio.h>

#define N 80

int count(char x[]);

int main() {
    char words[N + 1];
    int n;

    while (gets_s(words) != NULL) {
        n = count(words);
        printf("单词数：%d\n\n", n);
    }

    return 0;
}

int count(char x[]) {

    int i;
    int word_flag = 0;
    int number = 0;

    for (i = 0;x[i] != '\0'; i++) {
        if (!((x[i] >= 'a' && x[i] <= 'z') || (x[i] >= 'A' && x[i] <= 'Z')))
            word_flag = 0;
        else if (word_flag == 0) {
            word_flag = 1;
            number++;
        }
    }

    return number;
}

2.

#include<stdio.h>
#define N 1000

int main()
{
    char line[N];
    int word_len;
    int max_len;
    int end;
    int i;

    while (gets_s(line) != NULL)
    {
        word_len = 0;
        max_len = 0;
        end = 0;

        i = 0;
        while (1)
        {
            while (line[i] == ' ')
            {
                word_len = 0;
                i++;
            }

            while (line[i] != '\0' && line[i] != ' ')
            {
                word_len++;
                i++;
            }

            if (max_len < word_len)
            {
                max_len = word_len;
                end = i;
            }

            if (line[i] == '\0')
                break;
        }

        printf("最长单词:");
        for (i = end - max_len;i < end;++i)
            printf("%c", line[i]);
        printf("\n\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

四.任务4

#include<stdio.h>
#define N 5

void input(int x[], int n);
void output(int x[], int n);
double average(int x[], int n);
void bubble_sort(int x[], int n);

int main() {

    int scores[N];
    double ave;

    printf("录入%d个分数:\n", N);
    input(scores, N);

    printf("\n输出课程分数：\n");
    output(scores, N);

    printf("\n课程分数处理：计算均分、排序...\n");
    ave = average(scores, N);
    bubble_sort(scores, N);

    printf("\n输出课程均分：%.2f\n", ave);
    printf("\n输出课程分数(高 -> 低):\n");
    output(scores, N);

    return 0;
}

void input(int x[], int n) {
    int i;

    for (i = 0;i < n; i++)
        scanf_s("%d", &x[i]);
}

void output(int x[], int n) {
    int i;

    for (i = 0;i < n; i++)
        printf("%d ", x[i]);
    printf("\n");
}

double average(int x[], int n) {
    double s = 0;
    int i;

    for (i = 0;i < n; i++)
        s += x[i];

    return s / n;
}

void bubble_sort(int x[], int n) {
    int i, j;

    for (i = 0;i < n; i++)
        for (j = n - 1;j > i; j--)
            if (x[j] > x[j - 1]) {
                int t = x[j];
                x[j] = x[j - 1];
                x[j - 1] = t;
            }

}

五.任务5

#include<stdio.h>
#define N 100
void dec2n(int x, int n);

int main()
{
    int x;

    printf("输入一个十进制整数：");
    while (scanf_s("%d", &x) != EOF)
    {
        dec2n(x, 2);
        dec2n(x, 8);
        dec2n(x, 16);

        printf("\n输入一个十进制整数：");
    }
    return 0;
}
void dec2n(int x, int n) {
    char m[16] = { '0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F' }, t[N];
    int i, o, p;
    for (i = 0, o = 0, p = x;p > 0;i++) {
        o = p % n;
        p = p / n;
        t[i] = m[o];
    }
    t[i] = 0;
    for (;i >= 0;i--)
        printf("%c", t[i]);
    printf("\n");
}

六.任务6

#include<stdio.h>
#define N 100
#define M 4

void output(int x[][N], int n);
void rotate_to_right(int x[][N], int n);

int main()
{
    int t[][N] = { {21,12,13,24},
    {25,16,47,38},
    {29,11,32,54},
    {42,21,33,10} };

    printf("原始矩阵：\n");
    output(t, M);

    printf("变换后矩阵：\n");
    rotate_to_right(t, M);

    return 0;
}

void output(int x[][N], int n) {
    int i, j;

    for (i = 0;i < n;++i) {
        for (j = 0;j < n;++j)
            printf("%4d", x[i][j]);

        printf("\n");
    }
}

void rotate_to_right(int x[][N], int n) {
    int i, j;

    for (i = 0;i < n;++i) {
        for (j = 0;j < n;++j) {
            if (j == 0)
                printf("%4d", x[i][n - 1 - j]);
            else
                printf("%4d", x[i][j - 1]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

七.任务7

1.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define N 80

void replace(char x[],char old_char,char new_char);

int main(){
    char text[N]="C programming is difficult or not,it is a question.";

    printf("原始文本：\n");
    printf("%s\n",text);

    replace(text,'i','*');

    printf("处理后文本：\n");
    printf("%s\n",text);

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

void replace(char x[],char old_char,char new_char){
    int i;
    for(i=0;x[i]!='\0';++i)
        if(x[i]==old_char)
            x[i]=new_char;
}

2.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define N 80

int main() {
    char str[N], ch;
    int i;

    printf("输入字符串：");
    gets(str);

    printf("输入一个字符：");
    ch = getchar();

    printf("截断处理……");

    i = 0;
    while (str[i] != '\0') {
        if (str[i] == ch)
            break;
        ++i;
    }
    str[i] = '\0';

    printf("\n截断处理后字符串：%s\n", str);

    
    return 0;
}

八.任务8

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define N 5
#define M 20

void bubble_sort(char str[][M], int n);

int main() {
    char name[][M] = { "Bob","Bill","Joseph","Taylor","George" };
    int i;

    printf("输出初始名单：\n");
    for (i = 0;i < N;i++)
        printf("%s\n", name[i]);

    printf("排序中...\n");
    bubble_sort(name, N);

    printf("\n按字典序输出名单：\n");
    for (i = 0;i < N;i++)
        printf("%s\n", name[i]);

    system("pause");

    return 0;
}

void bubble_sort(char str[][M], int n) {
    int i, j;
    char tmp[M];

    for (i = 0;i < n; i++)
        for (j = n - 1;j > i; j--)
            if (strcmp(str[j], str[j - 1]) < 0) {
                strcpy_s(tmp, str[j]);
                strcpy_s(str[j], str[j - 1]);
                strcpy_s(str[j - 1], tmp);
            }
}