[编译] 2、minGW gcc在windows搭建编译win32程序环境


1、普通下载一个MinGW程序、安装之后可以直接将MinGW目录拷贝到总工程的tool里面:

 demo_mesh_common tree -L 2
.
├── app
├── bin
├── build
├── doc
├── sdk
│   ├── alg
│   ├── bsp
│   ├── driver
│   └── phy
└── tool
    └── MinGW


2、参考学习在dos下使用gcc来编译,发现分步骤编译会报_alloca未定义的错误:

a.o:a.c:(.text+0x3f8): undefined reference to `_alloca'

猜测可能是有些库没有链接进来,于是搜索MinGW/lib/下的库:

F:\demo_mesh_common\tool\MinGW\lib>grep -rn "_alloc"
Binary file libmingw32.a matches
Binary file libmingwex.a matches
Binary file libwldap32.a matches
Binary file libdxerr8.a matches
Binary file libdxerr9.a matches
Binary file gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/libgcc.a matches
Binary file librpcdce4.a matches
Binary file libbfd.a matches
Binary file libiberty.a matches

通过一个一个加进编译选项,最终发现:需要将gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/libgcc.a加入:

./MinGW/bin/ld -L"./MinGW/lib" -o a.exe a.o  "./MinGW/lib/crt2.o" -lmingw32 -lkernel32 -lmsvcrt -luser32 -lwow32 -lwldap32 -lwin32k -lvfw32 -lmingw32 -lmingwex -lwldap32 -ldxerr8 -ldxerr9 -lrpcdce4 -lbfd -liberty -L"./MinGW/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5" -lgcc


3、我测试的win32串口程序,在Git Bush(linux属性)的窗口中可以执行,但无数据,必须在win窗口中执行。


4、附录

makefile:

a.o:a.c
	./MinGW/bin/gcc -c a.c
B:a.o
	./MinGW/bin/ld -L"./MinGW/lib" -o a.exe a.o  "./MinGW/lib/crt2.o" -lmingw32 -lkernel32 -lmsvcrt -luser32 -lwow32 -lwldap32 -lwin32k -lvfw32 -lmingw32 -lmingwex -lwldap32 -ldxerr8 -ldxerr9 -lrpcdce4 -lbfd -liberty -L"./MinGW/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5" -lgcc


A:
	./MinGW/bin/gcc -s -O2 a.c -mconsole

a.c:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <malloc.h>

HANDLE hComm;
OVERLAPPED m_ov;
COMSTAT comstat;
DWORD    m_dwCommEvents;


//如果在调用CreateFile创建句柄时指
//定了FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED标志,那么调用ReadFile和WriteFile对该句柄进
//行的操作就应该是重叠的;如果未指定
//重叠标志,则读写操作应该是同步的
//在同步执行时,函数直到操作完成后才返回。这意味着同步执行时线程会被阻塞,从
//而导致效率下降。在重叠执行时,即使操作还未完成,这两个函数也会立即返回,费
//时的I/O操作在后台进行
BOOL openport(char *portname)//打开一个串口
{
    hComm = CreateFile(portname,
	GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
	0,
	0,
	OPEN_EXISTING,
	FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,    
	0);
    if (hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
	return FALSE;
    else
	return TRUE;
}


BOOL setupdcb(int rate_arg)
{
    DCB  dcb;
    int rate= rate_arg;
    memset(&dcb,0,sizeof(dcb)); //在一段内存块中填充某个给定的值,是对较大的结构//体或数组进行清零操作的一种最快方法
    if(!GetCommState(hComm,&dcb))//获取当前DCB配置
    {
	return FALSE;
    }
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    // set DCB to configure the serial port
    dcb.DCBlength       = sizeof(dcb);
    /* ---------- Serial Port Config ------- */
    dcb.BaudRate        = rate;
    dcb.Parity      = NOPARITY;
    dcb.fParity     = 0;
    dcb.StopBits        = ONESTOPBIT;
    dcb.ByteSize        = 8;
    dcb.fOutxCtsFlow    = 0;
    dcb.fOutxDsrFlow    = 0;
    dcb.fDtrControl     = DTR_CONTROL_DISABLE;
    dcb.fDsrSensitivity = 0;
    dcb.fRtsControl     = RTS_CONTROL_DISABLE;
    dcb.fOutX           = 0;
    dcb.fInX            = 0;
    /* ----------------- misc parameters ----- */
    dcb.fErrorChar      = 0;
    dcb.fBinary         = 1;
    dcb.fNull           = 0;
    dcb.fAbortOnError   = 0;
    dcb.wReserved       = 0;
    dcb.XonLim          = 2;
    dcb.XoffLim         = 4;
    dcb.XonChar         = 0x13;
    dcb.XoffChar        = 0x19;
    dcb.EvtChar         = 0;
    /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    // set DCB
    if(!SetCommState(hComm,&dcb))
    {
	return FALSE;
    }
    else
	return TRUE;
}
//在用readfile和writefile读写串行口时,需要考虑超时问题, 读写串口的超时有两
//种:间隔超时和总超时, 写操作只支持总超时,而读操作两种超时均支持, 如果所有
//写超时参数均为0,那么就不使用写超时。
BOOL setuptimeout(DWORD ReadInterval,DWORD ReadTotalMultiplier,DWORD ReadTotalconstant,DWORD WriteTotalMultiplier,DWORD WriteTotalconstant)               
{
    COMMTIMEOUTS timeouts;
    timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout=ReadInterval; //读间隔超时
    timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant=ReadTotalconstant; //读时间系数
    timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier=ReadTotalMultiplier; //读时间常量
    timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant=WriteTotalconstant; // 写时间系数
    timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier=WriteTotalMultiplier; //写时间常//量, 总超时的计算公式是:总超时=时间系数×要求读/写的字符数+时间常量
    if(!SetCommTimeouts(hComm, &timeouts))
    {
	return FALSE;
    }
    else
	return TRUE;
}
void ReceiveChar(){
    BOOL  bRead = TRUE;
    BOOL  bResult = TRUE;
    DWORD dwError = 0;
    DWORD BytesRead = 0;
    char RXBuff;
    while(TRUE){
	bResult = ClearCommError(hComm, &dwError, &comstat);
	// 在使用ReadFile 函数进行读操作前,应先使用ClearCommError函数清除错误
	if(comstat.cbInQue==0)// COMSTAT结构返回串口状态信息
	    //本文只用到了cbInQue成员变量,该成员变量的值代表输入缓冲区的字节数
	    continue;
	if(bRead){
	    bResult = ReadFile(hComm, // Handle to COMM port串口的句柄
	        &RXBuff,// RX Buffer Pointer// 读入的数据存储的地址,即读入的数据将存//储在以该指针的值为首地址的一片内存区
	        1,// Read one byte要读入的数据的字节数,
	        &BytesRead, // Stores number of bytes read, 指向一个DWORD//数值,该数值返回读操作实际读入的字节数
	        &m_ov);           // pointer to the m_ov structure// 重叠操作时,该参数指向一个OVERLAPPED结构,同步操作时,该参数为NULL
	    printf("%02X",RXBuff);
	    if (!bResult){// 当ReadFile和WriteFile返回FALSE时,不一定就是操作失//败,线程应该调用GetLastError函数分析返回的结果
	        switch (dwError = GetLastError()){
	        case ERROR_IO_PENDING:
	                bRead = FALSE;
	                break;
	        default:break;
	        }
	    }else{
	        bRead = TRUE;
	    }
	}  // close if (bRead)
	if (!bRead){
	    bRead = TRUE;
	    bResult = GetOverlappedResult(hComm,    // Handle to COMM port
	        &m_ov,    // Overlapped structure
	        &BytesRead,        // Stores number of bytes read
	        TRUE);             // Wait flag
	}
    }
}
BOOL WriteChar(BYTE* m_szWriteBuffer,DWORD m_nToSend){
    BOOL bWrite = TRUE;
    BOOL bResult = TRUE;
    DWORD BytesSent = 0;
    HANDLE    m_hWriteEvent;
    ResetEvent(m_hWriteEvent);
    if (bWrite){
	m_ov.Offset = 0;
	m_ov.OffsetHigh = 0;
	// Clear buffer
	bResult = WriteFile(hComm,    // Handle to COMM Port, 串口的句柄
	    m_szWriteBuffer,        // Pointer to message buffer in calling finction
	                            // 即以该指针的值为首地址的nNumberOfBytesToWrite
	                            // 个字节的数据将要写入串口的发送数据缓冲区
	    m_nToSend,                // Length of message to send, 要写入的数据的字节数
	    &BytesSent,                // Where to store the number of bytes sent
	                            // 指向指向一个DWORD数值,该数值返回实际写入的字节数
	    &m_ov );                // Overlapped structure
	                            // 重叠操作时,该参数指向一个OVERLAPPED结构,
	                            // 同步操作时,该参数为NULL
	if (!bResult){                // 当ReadFile和WriteFile返回FALSE时,不一定就是操作失
	    //败,线程应该调用GetLastError函数分析返回的结果
	    DWORD dwError = GetLastError();
	    switch (dwError){
	    case ERROR_IO_PENDING: //GetLastError函数返回//ERROR_IO_PENDING。这说明重叠操作还未完成
	            // continue to GetOverlappedResults()
	            BytesSent = 0;
	            bWrite = FALSE;
	            break;
	    default:break;
	    }
	}
    } // end if(bWrite)
    if (!bWrite){
	bWrite = TRUE;
	bResult = GetOverlappedResult(hComm,    // Handle to COMM port
	    &m_ov,        // Overlapped structure
	    &BytesSent,        // Stores number of bytes sent
	    TRUE);             // Wait flag
	
	// deal with the error code
	if (!bResult){
	    printf("GetOverlappedResults() in WriteFile()");
	}
    } // end if (!bWrite)
    
    // Verify that the data size send equals what we tried to send
    if (BytesSent != m_nToSend){
	printf("WARNING: WriteFile() error.. Bytes Sent: %d; Message Length: %d\n", BytesSent, strlen((char*)m_szWriteBuffer));
    }
    return TRUE;
}

int main(void){
	printf("open comport successsdsfds\n");
    if(openport("com3"))
	printf("open comport success\n");
    if(setupdcb(9600))
	printf("setupDCB success\n");
    if(setuptimeout(0,0,0,0,0)) //如果所有写超时参数均为0,那么就不使用写超时
	printf("setuptimeout success\n");
    PurgeComm(hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXABORT); // 在读写串口之前,还要用PurgeComm()函数清空缓冲区
    //PURGE_TXABORT      中断所有写操作并立即返回,即使写操作还没有完成。
    //PURGE_RXABORT      中断所有读操作并立即返回,即使读操作还没有完成。
    //PURGE_TXCLEAR      清除输出缓冲区
    //PURGE_RXCLEAR      清除输入缓冲区
    //WriteChar("please send data now",20);
    printf("received data:\n");
    ReceiveChar( );
    system("pause");

	return 0;
}

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posted @ 2018-06-08 19:39  beautifulzzzz  阅读(1840)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报