Linux交叉编译Arm64 C++程序

Linux交叉编译Arm64 C++程序

1、开发环境

os: debian 12 

2、安装交叉编译工具链

sudo apt update
sudo apt install gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu g++-aarch64-linux-gnu

3、交叉编译

• 编写测试代码

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    std::cout << "Hello, AArch64 Cross-Compilation!" << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

• 使用交叉编译器编译

aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ hello.cpp -o hello_aarch64 -static  # 静态链接
# 或
aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ hello.cpp -o hello_aarch64         # 动态链接　

• 检查可执行文件　

file hello_aarch64

输出：

hello_aarch64: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, ARM aarch64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), statically linked, BuildID[sha1]=a9c98e6f73b59b9f5b04c9b3f663f15d26bb7de2, for GNU/Linux 3.7.0, not stripped

4、使用CMake进行交叉编译

•  创建工具链文件aarch64-toolchain.cmake

# aarch64-toolchain.cmake

# 基本交叉编译配置
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR aarch64)

# 指定编译器
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER aarch64-linux-gnu-g++)

# 指定C++标准 (C++11/14/17/20)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)  # 必须使用指定的标准
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)       # 禁用编译器特定扩展

# 搜索路径设置
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)

# 可选：指定目标系统根目录（如果使用sysroot）
# set(CMAKE_SYSROOT /path/to/aarch64/sysroot)
# set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH /path/to/aarch64/sysroot)

• 创建CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(HelloWorld)

# 设置C++标准
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)

# 生成可执行文件
add_executable(hello hello.cpp)

• 构建项目

mkdir build && cd build
cmake .. -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=../aarch64-toolchain.cmake
make

5、在x86主机上测试(使用QEMU)

• 安装QEMU模拟器

sudo apt install qemu-user-static

• 直接使用QEMU

运行动态链接库版本

qemu-aarch64-static  -L /usr/aarch64-linux-gnu/ ./hello

运行静态链接库版本

qemu-aarch64-static ./hello_aarch64

 6、编译boost arm64静态库

编译前确保交叉编译依赖

# 安装常用 ARM64 开发库
sudo apt-get install \
    libssl-dev:arm64 \
    libbz2-dev:arm64 \
    libicu-dev:arm64 \
    zlib1g-dev:arm64

启用C++20标准

export CXXFLAGS="-std=c++20"

下载boost_1_88_0和解压

wget https://archives.boost.io/release/1.88.0/source/boost_1_88_0.tar.gz
tar -xzvf boost_1_88_0.tar.gz
cd boost_1_88_0

执行配置

./bootstrap.sh

修改project-config.jam文件

if ! gcc in [ feature.values <toolset> ]
{
   using gcc : : /usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc ;
}

编译安装boos库（含静态库和动态库）

sudo ./b2

在stage目录下找一个库查看

 

file libboost_system.so.1.88.0

 7、编译POCO Arm64静态库

下载Poco源码

wget https://github.com/pocoproject/poco/archive/refs/tags/poco-1.14.0-release.tar.gz
tar -xvf poco-1.14.0-release.tar.gz
cd poco-1.14.0-release

创建Cmake工具链 aarch64-toolchain.cmake

# aarch64-toolchain.cmake
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR aarch64)

# 指定交叉编译器
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER aarch64-linux-gnu-g++)

# 静态库专用设置
set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS OFF)          # 禁用共享库
set(POCO_STATIC ON)                 # 强制使用静态库

# 查找策略
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)

# 优化选项（根据目标CPU调整）
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -O2 -pipe -march=armv8-a")

配置静态库构建

cmake .. -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=../aarch64-toolchain.cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=../poco-static-aarch64 -DENABLE_XML=ON -DENABLE_JSON=ON -DENABLE_CPPPARSER=ON -DENABLE_PAGECOMPILER=ON -DENABLE_ACTIVERECORD=ON -DENABLE_UTIL=ON -DENABLE_FOUNDATION=ON

编译安装静态库

make -j$(nproc)
make install

 8、编译curl arm64静态库

8.1 交叉编译OpenSSL

# 下载 OpenSSL
wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-3.0.9.tar.gz
tar -xzvf openssl-3.0.9.tar.gz
cd openssl-3.0.9

# 编译 ARM64 OpenSSL
./Configure linux-aarch64 no-shared \
  --prefix=$(pwd)/install_arm64 \
  --cross-compile-prefix=aarch64-linux-gnu-
make -j$(nproc)
make install

8.2 交叉编译curl静态库

wget https://curl.se/download/curl-8.11.1.tar.gz
tar -xzvf curl-8.11.1.tar.gz
cd curl-8.11.1

./configure \
  --host=aarch64-linux-gnu \
  --prefix=$(pwd)/install_arm64 \
  --disable-shared \
  --enable-static \
  --without-zlib \
  --with-ssl=$(pwd)/../openssl-3.0.9/install_arm64 \
  CC=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc \
  CXX=aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ \
  AR=aarch64-linux-gnu-ar \
  RANLIB=aarch64-linux-gnu-ranlib