[树莓派]获取公网IP地址并提醒IP地址变更

curl ifconfig.me
curl icanhazip.com
curl curlmyip.com
curl ip.appspot.com
curl ipinfo.io/ip
curl ipecho.net/plain
curl www.trackip.net/i
 
 
#补充
curl ip.sb
curl ip.6655.com/ip.aspx
curl whatismyip.akamai.com
wget -qO - ifconfig.co
dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com
curl ident.me
curl v4.ident.me
curl v6.ident.me
curl inet-ip.info
 
#返回IP和地区
curl ip.6655.com/ip.aspx?area=1
curl 1111.ip138.com/ic.asp
curl ip.cn
curl cip.cc

 博主用的树莓派4B，家里拉的是广电的网络，有一个动态公网IP地址。博主用树莓派做个服务器+NAS。我在外地上学，家人也不会看IP，只能做一个IP地址变更的脚本来告诉自己IP变成了啥。用python写的。

import os
import requests
import time
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header


def get_public_ip():
    try:
        # 获取IP地址
        url='https://api.ipify.org/'
        resp = requests.get(url)
        public_ip = resp.text
        print(public_ip)
    except Exception as e:
       print(e)
 
    return public_ip


def text_write(name,msg):        # 写入IP
    file_path = '/home/pi/xxxx/'  # 新创建的txt文件的存放路径 这里替换为自己的路径即可
    full_path = file_path + name + '.txt'
    file = open(full_path, 'w')
    file.write(msg)
    file.close()


def text_read(name):              # 读取IP
    file_path = '/home/pi/xxxx/'  
    full_path = file_path + name + '.txt'
    file = open(full_path, 'r')
    ip = file.read()
    file.close()
    return ip


def sendMsgBySmtp(mail, title, msg):
    ret = "SMTP邮件发送成功"
    try:
        if mail == '':
            return '邮箱为空，已取消SMTP发送！'
        # 发信方的信息：发信邮箱，邮箱授权码
        from_addr = "xxx"  # 发信方邮箱账号
        password = 'xxxx'  # 发信方邮箱密码
        if from_addr == '':
            return '发信邮箱地址为空,已取消SMTP发送！'
        if password == '':
            return '发信邮箱密码为空,已取消SMTP发送！'
        # 收信方邮箱
        to_addr = mail
        # 发信服务器
        smtp_server = 'smtp.163.com'
        if smtp_server == '':
            return '发信邮箱服务器为空,已取消SMTP发送！'
        # 邮箱正文内容，第一个参数为内容，第二个参数为格式(plain 为纯文本)，第三个参数为编码
        msg = MIMEText(msg, 'plain', 'utf-8')
        # 邮件头信息
        h = Header('树莓派', 'utf-8')
        # 允许自定义发信邮箱地址，需注意收信方安全策略问题
        h.append(from_addr, 'ascii')
        msg['From'] = h
        msg['To'] = Header(to_addr)
        msg['Subject'] = Header(title)
        # 开启发信服务，这里使用的是加密传输
        server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465)
        # 登录发信邮箱
        server.login(from_addr, password)
        # 发送邮件
        server.sendmail(from_addr, to_addr, msg.as_string())
        # 关闭服务器
        server.quit()
    except Exception as e:  # 如果try中的语句没有执行，则会执行下面的ret=False
        ret = "SMTP邮件发送失败,%s" % (e)
    else:
        print(ret)
    return ret


def main():
    old_ip = text_read('myip')
    new_ip = get_public_ip()
 
    if (new_ip != old_ip):  #check_ip_change(new_ip, old_ip)
        text_write('myip', new_ip)
        print("Saved new ip!")
        sendMsgBySmtp('这里填接收邮件的邮箱','IP变更提醒',f"IP变更为：{new_ip}")
        print("Send new ip by mail!")
    else:
        # ext_write('myip', old_ip)
        print("The IP has not changed!")


main()
# def main():
   # schedule.every().day.at("17:03").do(job)
   # while True:
       # schedule.run_pending()
       # time.sleep(1)

博主用树莓派crontab定时执行。

定时执行的命令crontab -e

这是手动执行的结果IP没有变更，所以是下面的内容。

 

 

 如果IP地址变更了也不需要我们去手动更改存IP地址的TXT文件，脚本会帮我们自动更改为新IP。