calico docker 应用实例

  在上一篇文章《quay.io/coreos/etcd 基于Docker镜像的集群搭建》中,介绍了ETCD集群的搭建。在此基础上,我们进一步实践calico docker的应用。

  PaaS 平台的网络需求:
  在使用Docker构建PaaS平台的过程中,我们首先遇到的问题是需要选择一个满足需求的网络模型:

    1)让每个容器拥有自己的网络栈,特别是独立的 IP 地址;
    2)能够进行跨服务器的容器间通讯,同时不依赖特定的网络设备;
    3)有访问控制机制,不同应用之间互相隔离,有调用关系的能够通讯。

  调研了几个主流的网络模型:
    1)Docker原生的Bridge模型:NAT机制导致无法使用容器IP进行跨服务器通讯;
    2)Docker原生的Host模型:大家都使用和服务器相同的IP,端口冲突问题很麻烦;
    3)Weave OVS等基于隧道的模型:由于是基于隧道的技术,在用户态进行封包解包,性能折损比较大,同时出现问题时网络抓包调试会很不便。
  在对上述模型都不怎么满意的情况下,发现了一个还不怎么被大家关注的新项目:Project Calico。Project Calico是纯三层的SDN实现,它基于BPG协议和Linux自己的路由转发机制,不依赖特殊硬件,没有使用NAT或Tunnel等技术。能够方便的部署在物理服务器,虚拟机(如 OpenStack)或者容器环境下。同时它自带的基于Iptables的ACL管理组件非常灵活,能够满足比较复杂的安全隔离需求。

 传统overlay网络架构

 

Calico提供的网络解决方案

 

  本次搭建的基础环境:

底层OS:Centos7
docker版本:1.8.2-el7.centos
IP:
    服务器A:192.168.7.168
    服务器B:192.168.7.170
    服务器C:192.168.7.172

三台机器上搭建基于docker的ETCD集群——参见《quay.io/coreos/etcd 基于Docker镜像的集群搭建

 

具体操作步骤:(注,请仔细观察命令,[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl node 表示在A主机上运行的命令,同理B、C)

  1、下载calicoctl及docker.io/calico/node镜像(三台机器均需要相同操作)

下载calicoctl,地址如下。为下载之后的文件赋予可执行权限,并复制到/usr/bin/下
    链接:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1nuHn5hB 密码:7yce

下载calico-node镜像
    [root@AAA ~]# docker pull docker.io/calico/node

 

  2、启动calico-node

[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl node
No IP provided. Using detected IP: 192.168.7.168
Calico node is running with id: 6e754df308342753b259e89850f51b3e002780958bbc3f7c0803436548666560
[root@AAA ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES
6e754df30834        calico/node:latest    "/sbin/start_runit"      About a minute ago   Up About a minute                                                          calico-node
0b5f487c20ae        quay.io/coreos/etcd   "/etcd -name qf2200-c"   4 minutes ago        Up 4 minutes        4001/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2379-2380->2379-2380/tcp, 7001/tcp   etcd
[root@BBB ~]# calicoctl node
No IP provided. Using detected IP: 192.168.7.170
Calico node is running with id: 836bb8208dd992333c4ebc81d6312d1c0e53acffeca1b2ab3942a9483744fdf0
[root@BBB ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES
836bb8208dd9        calico/node:latest    "/sbin/start_runit"      19 seconds ago      Up 19 seconds                                                              calico-node
fa52ef61ccee        quay.io/coreos/etcd   "/etcd -name qf2200-c"   2 minutes ago       Up 2 minutes        4001/tcp, 7001/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2379-2380->2379-2380/tcp   etcd
[root@CCC ~]# calicoctl node
No IP provided. Using detected IP: 192.168.7.172
Calico node is running with id: ff71c5939b119e724fca59e24039c7bbbc2adba9078f0b6c5ffa89359df92e2d
[root@CCC ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES
ff71c5939b11        calico/node:latest    "/sbin/start_runit"      21 seconds ago      Up 20 seconds                                                              calico-node
eb29998e8e92        quay.io/coreos/etcd   "/etcd -name qf2200-c"   2 minutes ago       Up 2 minutes        4001/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2379-2380->2379-2380/tcp, 7001/tcp   etcd

 

  3、处理calico 的IP资源池

[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl pool show
+----------------+---------+
|   IPv4 CIDR    | Options |
+----------------+---------+
| 192.168.0.0/16 |         |
+----------------+---------+
+--------------------------+---------+
|        IPv6 CIDR         | Options |
+--------------------------+---------+
| fd80:24e2:f998:72d6::/64 |         |
+--------------------------+---------+
[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl pool remove 192.168.0.0/16
[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl pool show
+-----------+---------+
| IPv4 CIDR | Options |
+-----------+---------+
+-----------+---------+
+--------------------------+---------+
|        IPv6 CIDR         | Options |
+--------------------------+---------+
| fd80:24e2:f998:72d6::/64 |         |
+--------------------------+---------+
[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl pool add 10.0.238.0/24 --nat-outgoing --ipip
(支持跨子网的主机上的Docker间网络互通,需要添加--ipip参数;如果要Docker访问外网,需要添加--nat-outgoing参数。)
[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl pool show
+---------------+-------------------+
|   IPv4 CIDR   |      Options      |
+---------------+-------------------+
| 10.0.238.0/24 | ipip,nat-outgoing |
+---------------+-------------------+
+--------------------------+---------+
|        IPv6 CIDR         | Options |
+--------------------------+---------+
| fd80:24e2:f998:72d6::/64 |         |
+--------------------------+---------+
[root@BBB ~]# calicoctl pool show
+---------------+-------------------+
|   IPv4 CIDR   |      Options      |
+---------------+-------------------+
| 10.0.238.0/24 | ipip,nat-outgoing |
+---------------+-------------------+
+--------------------------+---------+
|        IPv6 CIDR         | Options |
+--------------------------+---------+
| fd80:24e2:f998:72d6::/64 |         |
+--------------------------+---------+

 

  4、处理calico profile(类似于VLAN)

[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl profile add p1
Created profile p1
[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl profile add p2
Created profile p2
[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl profile show
+------+
| Name |
+------+
|  p1  |
|  p2  |
+------+
[root@CCC ~]# calicoctl profile show
+------+
| Name |
+------+
|  p1  |
|  p2  |
+------+

 

  5、启动net=none的容器

[root@AAA ~]# docker run -tid --name redis --restart=always --log-driver=none --net=none redis /run.sh
b6d894f4cfcf36f5d19f3798447825730c80e95d1a9f98f326b77fae0ed85277
[root@AAA ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES
b6d894f4cfcf        redis                 "/run.sh"                3 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds                                                               redis
6e754df30834        calico/node:latest    "/sbin/start_runit"      14 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes                                                              calico-node
0b5f487c20ae        quay.io/coreos/etcd   "/etcd -name qf2200-c"   16 minutes ago      Up 16 minutes       4001/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2379-2380->2379-2380/tcp, 7001/tcp   etcd
[root@BBB ~]# docker run -tid --name redis --restart=always --log-driver=none --net=none redis /run.sh
4de1a0e2b2af5ad6c7f33138161105d46a07ce70d0b90b513125b28390a6a185
[root@BBB ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES
4de1a0e2b2af        redis                 "/run.sh"                2 seconds ago       Up 1 seconds                                                               redis
836bb8208dd9        calico/node:latest    "/sbin/start_runit"      15 minutes ago      Up 15 minutes                                                              calico-node
fa52ef61ccee        quay.io/coreos/etcd   "/etcd -name qf2200-c"   17 minutes ago      Up 17 minutes       4001/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2379-2380->2379-2380/tcp, 7001/tcp   etcd
[root@CCC ~]# docker run -tid --name redis --restart=always --log-driver=none --net=none redis /run.sh
b6801f99494ada054a8ef00fc5b74ff4aba4e156e506d94c0b781fa20f8b6f50
[root@CCC ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES
b6801f99494a        redis                 "/run.sh"                2 seconds ago       Up 1 seconds                                                               redis
ff71c5939b11        calico/node:latest    "/sbin/start_runit"      15 minutes ago      Up 15 minutes                                                              calico-node
eb29998e8e92        quay.io/coreos/etcd   "/etcd -name qf2200-c"   17 minutes ago      Up 17 minutes       4001/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2379-2380->2379-2380/tcp, 7001/tcp   etcd

 

  6、为容器配置IP及VLAN

[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl container add redis 10.0.238.1
IP 10.0.238.1 added to redis
[root@AAA ~]# docker exec -ti redis ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: tunl0: <NOARP> mtu 0 qdisc noop state DOWN 
    link/ipip 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
39: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 12:b7:51:07:81:10 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.238.1/32 scope global eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::10b7:51ff:fe07:8110/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@AAA ~]# calicoctl container redis profile append p1
Profile(s) p1 appended.
[root@BBB ~]#  calicoctl container add redis 10.0.238.2
IP 10.0.238.2 added to redis
[root@BBB ~]# docker exec -ti redis ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: tunl0: <NOARP> mtu 0 qdisc noop state DOWN 
    link/ipip 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
29: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether ca:19:45:10:19:80 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.238.2/32 scope global eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::c819:45ff:fe10:1980/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@BBB ~]#  calicoctl container redis profile append p1
Profile(s) p1 appended.

[root@BBB ~]#  calicoctl container redis profile append p2
Profile(s) p2 appended.
[root@CCC ~]# calicoctl container add redis 10.0.238.3
IP 10.0.238.3 added to redis
[root@CCC ~]# docker exec -ti redis ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: tunl0: <NOARP> mtu 0 qdisc noop state DOWN 
    link/ipip 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
25: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether ca:6b:e2:63:44:28 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.238.3/32 scope global eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::c86b:e2ff:fe63:4428/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@CCC ~]# calicoctl container redis profile append p2
Profile(s) p2 appended.

 

  7、宿主机及容器网络拓扑

 

  8、测试

[root@AAA ~]# docker exec -ti redis /bin/bash
[root@b6d894f4cfcf /]# ping 10.0.238.1    (本机,可达)
PING 10.0.238.1 (10.0.238.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.238.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.113 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.238.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.052 ms
^C
--- 10.0.238.1 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.052/0.082/0.113/0.031 ms
[root@b6d894f4cfcf /]# ping 10.0.238.2    (同VLAN,可达)
PING 10.0.238.2 (10.0.238.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.238.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=1.02 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.238.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.533 ms
^C
--- 10.0.238.2 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.533/0.776/1.020/0.245 ms
[root@b6d894f4cfcf /]# ping 10.0.238.3    (不同VLAN,不可达)
PING 10.0.238.3 (10.0.238.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C
--- 10.0.238.3 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3022ms
[root@BBB ~]# docker exec -ti redis /bin/bash
[root@4de1a0e2b2af /]#  ping 10.0.238.1    (同VLAN,可达)
PING 10.0.238.1 (10.0.238.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.238.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=2.08 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.238.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=1.02 ms
^C
--- 10.0.238.1 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.027/1.555/2.084/0.529 ms
[root@4de1a0e2b2af /]#  ping 10.0.238.2    (本机,可达)
PING 10.0.238.2 (10.0.238.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.238.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.154 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.238.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms
^C
--- 10.0.238.2 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.066/0.110/0.154/0.044 ms
[root@4de1a0e2b2af /]#  ping 10.0.238.3    (同VLAN,可达)
PING 10.0.238.3 (10.0.238.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.238.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=1.06 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.238.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.442 ms
^C
--- 10.0.238.3 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.442/0.752/1.062/0.310 ms
[root@CCC ~]# docker exec -ti redis /bin/bash
[root@b6801f99494a /]# ping 10.0.238.1    (不同VLAN,不可达)
PING 10.0.238.1 (10.0.238.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C
--- 10.0.238.1 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2001ms

[root@b6801f99494a /]# ping 10.0.238.2    (同VLAN,可达)
PING 10.0.238.2 (10.0.238.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.238.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=0.384 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.238.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.460 ms
^C
--- 10.0.238.2 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1016ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.384/0.422/0.460/0.038 ms
[root@b6801f99494a /]# ping 10.0.238.3    (本机,可达)
PING 10.0.238.3 (10.0.238.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.238.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.055 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.238.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms
^C
--- 10.0.238.3 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.054/0.054/0.055/0.007 ms

 

posted @ 2016-03-26 14:42  振宇要低调  阅读(3462)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报