elasticsearch从入门到精通（三）—— 简单CRUD

1、文档通过其_index、_type、_id唯一确定

PUT /{index}/{type}/{id}
{
  "field": "value",
  ...
}

2、不指定id时es会为我们生成一个唯一值UUIDs作为ID

POST /website/blog/
{
  "title": "My second blog entry",
  "text":  "Still trying this out...",
  "date":  "2014/01/01"
}

3、运行结果；

{
  "_index" : "website",
  "_type" : "blog",
  "_id" : "lHzAlGwBcJMdeOw1bdOy",
  "_version" : 1,
  "result" : "created",
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 2,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_seq_no" : 0,
  "_primary_term" : 1
}

自动生成的ID有22个字符长，URL-safe, Base64-encoded string universally unique identifiers, 或者叫 UUIDs。

4、查询

GET /website/blog/123?pretty

查询结果：

{
  "_index" : "website",
  "_type" : "blog",
  "_id" : "123",
  "_version" : 1,
  "_seq_no" : 1,
  "_primary_term" : 1,
  "found" : true,
  "_source" : {
    "title" : "My first blog entry",
    "text" : "Just trying this out...",
    "date" : "2014/01/01"
  }
}

5、更新

PUT /website/blog/123
{
  "title": "My first blog entry",
  "text":  "I am starting to get the hang of this...",
  "date":  "2014/01/02"
}

运行结果：

{
  "_index" : "website",
  "_type" : "blog",
  "_id" : "123",
  "_version" : 2,
  "result" : "updated",
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 2,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_seq_no" : 2,
  "_primary_term" : 1
}

在响应中，我们可以看到Elasticsearch把_version增加了。在内部，Elasticsearch已经标记旧文档为删除并添加了一个完整的新文档。旧版本文档不会立即消失，但你也不能去访问它。Elasticsearch会在你继续索引更多数据时清理被删除的文档。

6、删除

DELETE /website/blog/123

运行结果：

{
  "_index" : "website",
  "_type" : "blog",
  "_id" : "123",
  "_version" : 3,
  "result" : "deleted",
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 2,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_seq_no" : 3,
  "_primary_term" : 1
}

7、局部更新

POST /website/blog/123/_update
{
   "doc" : {
      "tags" : [ "testing" ],
      "views": 0
   }
}

运行结果：

{
  "_index" : "website",
  "_type" : "blog",
  "_id" : "123",
  "_version" : 2,
  "result" : "updated",
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 2,
    "successful" : 1,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "_seq_no" : 5,
  "_primary_term" : 1
}

查询结果：

{
  "_index" : "website",
  "_type" : "blog",
  "_id" : "123",
  "_version" : 2,
  "_seq_no" : 5,
  "_primary_term" : 1,
  "found" : true,
  "_source" : {
    "title" : "My first blog entry",
    "text" : "Just trying this out...",
    "date" : "2014/01/01",
    "views" : 0,
    "tags" : [
      "testing"
    ]
  }
}

我们新添加的字段已经被添加到`_source`字段中

8、检索多个文档

POST /_mget
{
   "docs" : [
      {
         "_index" : "website",
         "_type" :  "blog",
         "_id" :    123
      },
      {
         "_index" : "website",
         "_type" :  "pageviews",
         "_id" :    1,
         "_source": "views"
      }
   ]
}

运行结果

{
  "docs" : [
    {
      "_index" : "website",
      "_type" : "blog",
      "_id" : "123",
      "_version" : 2,
      "_seq_no" : 5,
      "_primary_term" : 1,
      "found" : true,
      "_source" : {
        "title" : "My first blog entry",
        "text" : "Just trying this out...",
        "date" : "2014/01/01",
        "views" : 0,
        "tags" : [
          "testing"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "_index" : "website",
      "_type" : "pageviews",
      "_id" : "1",
      "found" : false
    }
  ]
}

9、批量操作

POST _bulk
{ "index" : { "_index" : "test", "_id" : "1" } }
{ "field1" : "value1" }
{ "delete" : { "_index" : "test", "_id" : "2" } }
{ "create" : { "_index" : "test", "_id" : "3" } }
{ "field1" : "value3" }
{ "update" : {"_id" : "1", "_index" : "test"} }
{ "doc" : {"field2" : "value2"} }

运行结果；

{
  "took" : 654,
  "errors" : false,
  "items" : [
    {
      "index" : {
        "_index" : "test",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 0,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    },
    {
      "delete" : {
        "_index" : "test",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "not_found",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 1,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 404
      }
    },
    {
      "create" : {
        "_index" : "test",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "3",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 2,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    },
    {
      "update" : {
        "_index" : "test",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_version" : 2,
        "result" : "updated",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 3,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 200
      }
    }
  ]
}

 

文章参考：《Elasticsearch 权威指南（中文版）》