Python数据分析之商品零售购物篮分析

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# 代码8-1 查看数据特征

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

inputfile = '../data/GoodsOrder.csv'   # 输入的数据文件
data = pd.read_csv(inputfile,encoding = 'gbk')  # 读取数据
data .info()  # 查看数据属性

data = data['id']
description = [data.count(),data.min(), data.max()]  # 依次计算总数、最小值、最大值
description = pd.DataFrame(description, index = ['Count','Min', 'Max']).T  # 将结果存入数据框
print('描述性统计结果：\n',np.round(description))  # 输出结果



# 代码8-2 分析热销商品

# 销量排行前10商品的销量及其占比
import pandas as pd
inputfile = '../data/GoodsOrder.csv'  # 输入的数据文件
data = pd.read_csv(inputfile,encoding = 'gbk')  # 读取数据
group = data.groupby(['Goods']).count().reset_index()  # 对商品进行分类汇总
sorted=group.sort_values('id',ascending=False)
print('销量排行前10商品的销量:\n', sorted[:10])  # 排序并查看前10位热销商品

# 画条形图展示出销量排行前10商品的销量
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x=sorted[:10]['Goods']
y=sorted[:10]['id']
plt.figure(figsize = (8, 4))  # 设置画布大小 
plt.barh(x,y)
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'SimHei'
plt.xlabel('销量')  # 设置x轴标题
plt.ylabel('商品类别')  # 设置y轴标题
plt.title('商品的销量TOP10')  # 设置标题
plt.savefig('../tmp/top10.png')  # 把图片以.png格式保存
plt.show()  # 展示图片

# 销量排行前10商品的销量占比
data_nums = data.shape[0]
for idnex, row in sorted[:10].iterrows():
    print(row['Goods'],row['id'],row['id']/data_nums)


    
    
# 代码8-3 各类别商品的销量及其占比

import pandas as pd
inputfile1 = '../data/GoodsOrder.csv'
inputfile2 = '../data/GoodsTypes.csv'
data = pd.read_csv(inputfile1,encoding = 'gbk')
types = pd.read_csv(inputfile2,encoding = 'gbk')  # 读入数据

group = data.groupby(['Goods']).count().reset_index()
sort = group.sort_values('id',ascending = False).reset_index()
data_nums = data.shape[0]  # 总量
del sort['index']

sort_links = pd.merge(sort,types)  # 合并两个datafreame 根据type
# 根据类别求和，每个商品类别的总量，并排序
sort_link = sort_links.groupby(['Types']).sum().reset_index()
sort_link = sort_link.sort_values('id',ascending = False).reset_index()
del sort_link['index']  # 删除“index”列

# 求百分比，然后更换列名，最后输出到文件
sort_link['count'] = sort_link.apply(lambda line: line['id']/data_nums,axis=1)
sort_link.rename(columns = {'count':'percent'},inplace = True)
print('各类别商品的销量及其占比:\n',sort_link)
outfile1 = '../tmp/percent.csv'
sort_link.to_csv(outfile1,index = False,header = True,encoding='gbk')  # 保存结果

# 画饼图展示每类商品销量占比
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
data = sort_link['percent']
labels = sort_link['Types']
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))  # 设置画布大小   
plt.pie(data,labels=labels,autopct='%1.2f%%')
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'SimHei'
plt.title('每类商品销量占比')  # 设置标题
plt.savefig('../tmp/persent.png')  # 把图片以.png格式保存
plt.show()



# 代码8-4 非酒精饮料内部商品的销量及其占比

# 先筛选“非酒精饮料”类型的商品，然后求百分比，然后输出结果到文件。
selected = sort_links.loc[sort_links['Types'] == '非酒精饮料']  # 挑选商品类别为“非酒精饮料”并排序
child_nums = selected['id'].sum()  # 对所有的“非酒精饮料”求和
selected['child_percent'] = selected.apply(lambda line: line['id']/child_nums,axis = 1)  # 求百分比
selected.rename(columns = {'id':'count'},inplace = True)
print('非酒精饮料内部商品的销量及其占比:\n',selected)
outfile2 = '../tmp/child_percent.csv'
sort_link.to_csv(outfile2,index = False,header = True,encoding='gbk')  # 输出结果

# 画饼图展示非酒精饮品内部各商品的销量占比
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
data = selected['child_percent']
labels = selected['Goods']
plt.figure(figsize = (8,6))  # 设置画布大小 
explode = (0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05,0.06,0.07,0.08,0.08,0.3,0.1,0.3)  # 设置每一块分割出的间隙大小
plt.pie(data,explode = explode,labels = labels,autopct = '%1.2f%%',
        pctdistance = 1.1,labeldistance = 1.2)
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'SimHei'
plt.title("非酒精饮料内部各商品的销量占比")  # 设置标题
plt.axis('equal')
plt.savefig('../tmp/child_persent.png')  # 保存图形
plt.show()  # 展示图形