设计模式六（原型模式）

1.原型模式是在初始化的信息不发生变化的情况下使用，即隐藏了细节又提高了性能。让程序不用重新初始化对象，而是动态的获取对象运行时的状态。（克隆）

在这里在谈一下浅复制和深度复制的区别

浅复制只是把对象中的值类型和string类型复制给新的对象，却不能把对象类型的变量复制到新对象中去，而深度需要手工把类似于类一样的引用类型复制到新对象中去。

 

2.图解

 

3.代码注解

 

namespace 原型模式
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ConcretePrototype1 p1 = new ConcretePrototype1("I");
            ConcretePrototype1 c1 = (ConcretePrototype1)p1.Clone();
            Console.WriteLine("Cloned: {0}", c1.Id);

            ConcretePrototype2 p2 = new ConcretePrototype2("II");
            ConcretePrototype2 c2 = (ConcretePrototype2)p2.Clone();
            Console.WriteLine("Cloned: {0}", c2.Id);

            // Wait for user
            Console.Read();

        }
    }

    abstract class Prototype
    {
        private string id;

        // Constructor
        public Prototype(string id)
        {
            this.id = id;
        }

        // Property
        public string Id
        {
            get { return id; }
        }

        public abstract Prototype Clone();
    }

    class ConcretePrototype1 : Prototype
    {
        // Constructor
        public ConcretePrototype1(string id)
            : base(id)
        {
        }

        public override Prototype Clone()
        {
            // Shallow copy
            return (Prototype)this.MemberwiseClone();
        }
    }

    class ConcretePrototype2 : Prototype
    {
        // Constructor
        public ConcretePrototype2(string id)
            : base(id)
        {
        }

        public override Prototype Clone()
        {
            // Shallow copy
            return (Prototype)this.MemberwiseClone();
        }
    }

}

 

深度复制与浅度复制的对比

 

namespace 原型模式
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Resume a = new Resume("大鸟");
            a.SetPersonalInfo("男", "29");
            a.SetWorkExperience("1998-2000", "XX公司");

            Resume b = (Resume)a.Clone();
            b.SetWorkExperience("1998-2006", "YY企业");

            Resume c = (Resume)a.Clone();
            c.SetWorkExperience("1998-2003", "ZZ企业");

            a.Display();
            b.Display();
            c.Display();

            Console.Read();

        }
    }

    //简历
    class Resume : ICloneable
    {
        private string name;
        private string sex;
        private string age;

        private WorkExperience work;

        public Resume(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
            work = new WorkExperience();
        }

        private Resume(WorkExperience work)
        {
            this.work = (WorkExperience)work.Clone();
        }

        //设置个人信息
        public void SetPersonalInfo(string sex, string age)
        {
            this.sex = sex;
            this.age = age;
        }
        //设置工作经历
        public void SetWorkExperience(string workDate, string company)
        {
            work.WorkDate = workDate;
            work.Company = company;
        }

        //显示
        public void Display()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2}", name, sex, age);
            Console.WriteLine("工作经历：{0} {1}", work.WorkDate, work.Company);
        }

        public Object Clone()
        {
            Resume obj = new Resume(this.work);

            obj.name = this.name;
            obj.sex = this.sex;
            obj.age = this.age;

            return obj;
        }

    }

    //工作经历
    class WorkExperience : ICloneable
    {
        private string workDate;
        public string WorkDate
        {
            get { return workDate; }
            set { workDate = value; }
        }
        private string company;
        public string Company
        {
            get { return company; }
            set { company = value; }
        }

        public Object Clone()
        {
            return (Object)this.MemberwiseClone();
        }
    }

}