实验三：Intent、Activity应用
实验三：Intent、Activity应用
一、实验目的
本次实验的目的是让大家熟悉Intent和Activity的使用。Intent的最常用的用途是绑定应用程序组件。Intent用来在应用程序Activity间启动、停止和传输。并实现添加用户名，密码小例程。
二、实验要求
- 完成Android开发平台的搭建及相关配置
- 创建项目并熟悉文件目录结构
- 实现例程添加用户名，密码实验步骤
三、实验步骤
项目界面：1、添加用户名，密码，在另一页面显示用户名。
2、无用户名可以先注册
1、创建项目
新建一个Android工程命名为shiyan3，目录结构如下图:
2、添加布局文件
activity_login.xml(登录）
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/login_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="16dp">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/login_title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Login"
android:textSize="24sp"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/username_edit_text"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="Username" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/password_edit_text"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="Password"
android:inputType="textPassword" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/login_button"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Login" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/next_button"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="registe" />
</LinearLayout>
activity_display.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/display_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="16dp">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/display_title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Login Information"
android:textSize="24sp"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/username_text_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Username: " />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/password_text_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Password: " />
</LinearLayout>
activity_regester.xml（注册）
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/login_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="16dp">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/login_title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="register"
android:textSize="24sp"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/yonghuming_edit_text"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="用户名" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/regester_button"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="下一步输入单位" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/yonghuming_text_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="已注册用户名: " />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/danwei_text_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="已注册单位: " />
</LinearLayout>
activity_danwei.xml（单位）
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/login_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="16dp">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/login_title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="输入单位"
android:textSize="24sp"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/danwei_edit_text"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="单位" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/danwei_button"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="下一步" />
</LinearLayout>
3、创建Activity
MainActivity.java：用户登录页面，包括用户名和密码输入框，以及登录按钮和跳转到注册页面的按钮
package com.example.loginandregist;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private EditText mUsernameEditText;
private EditText mPasswordEditText;
private Button mLoginButton;
private Button mNextButton;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_login);
mUsernameEditText = findViewById(R.id.username_edit_text);
mPasswordEditText = findViewById(R.id.password_edit_text);
mLoginButton = findViewById(R.id.login_button);
mNextButton = findViewById(R.id.next_button);
mLoginButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String username = mUsernameEditText.getText().toString();
String password = mPasswordEditText.getText().toString();
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, DisplayActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("username", username);
intent.putExtra("password", password);
startActivity(intent);
}
});
mNextButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, RegesterActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
});
}
}
RegesterActivity.java：用户注册页面，包括用户名、单位、注册按钮和已注册用户名和单位的显示区域
package com.example.loginandregist;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class RegesterActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private EditText yonghumingEditText;
private TextView yonghumingTextView;
private TextView danweiTextView;
private Button regesterButton;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_regester);
Intent intent = getIntent();
String sharedPreferencesName = intent.getStringExtra("sharedPreferencesName");
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getSharedPreferences("my_preferences", MODE_PRIVATE);
yonghumingEditText = findViewById(R.id.yonghuming_edit_text);
yonghumingTextView = findViewById(R.id.yonghuming_text_view);
// 读取SharedPreferences对象中的数据
String username = sharedPreferences.getString("username", "");
yonghumingTextView.setText("已注册用户名：" + username);
yonghumingEditText.setText(username);
danweiTextView = findViewById(R.id.danwei_text_view);
String danwei = sharedPreferences.getString("danwei", "");
danweiTextView.setText("已注册单位：" + danwei);
regesterButton = findViewById(R.id.regester_button);
regesterButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String username = yonghumingEditText.getText().toString();
// 获取Editor对象
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();
// 向SharedPreferences对象中添加数据
editor.putString("username", username);
// 提交数据
editor.commit();
Intent intent = new Intent(RegesterActivity.this, DanweiActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("sharedPreferences", "my_preferences");
startActivity(intent);
}
});
}
}
DisplayActivity.java：登录成功后显示用户名和密码的页面
package com.example.loginandregist;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
public class DisplayActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private TextView mUsernameTextView;
private TextView mPasswordTextView;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_display);
mUsernameTextView = findViewById(R.id.username_text_view);
mPasswordTextView = findViewById(R.id.password_text_view);
Intent intent = getIntent();
String username = intent.getStringExtra("username");
String password = intent.getStringExtra("password");
mUsernameTextView.setText("用户名：" + username);
mPasswordTextView.setText("密码：" + password);
}
}
Danwei.java：用于输入用户所属的单位，并将其存储到SharedPreferences中。
package com.example.loginandregist;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
public class DanweiActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private EditText danweiEditText;
private Button danweiButton;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getPreferences(MODE_PRIVATE);
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_danwei);
danweiEditText=findViewById(R.id.danwei_edit_text);
danweiButton = findViewById(R.id.danwei_button);
danweiButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String danwei = danweiEditText.getText().toString();
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getSharedPreferences("my_preferences", MODE_PRIVATE);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();
editor.putString("danwei", danwei);
editor.apply();
Intent intent = new Intent(DanweiActivity.this, RegesterActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("sharedPreferencesName", "my_preferences");
startActivity(intent);
}
});
}
}
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