GO语言的进阶之路-协程和Channel

                        GO语言的进阶之路-协程和Channel

                                                作者:尹正杰

版权声明:原创作品,谢绝转载!否则将追究法律责任。

 

   看过我之前几篇博客小伙伴可能对Golang语言的语法上了解的差不多了,但是,如果想要你的代码和性能更高,那还得学点晋升的本来,这个时候我们就需要引入Golang的协成这个概念了,其实,你可能早就听说了Golang的优势就是处理大并发,我们可以用它来做日志收集系统,也可以用它做业务上的“秒杀系统”,当然我们还可以用它来做“监控系统”。好了,下面跟我一起来体会一下Golang的五味杂陈吧。

 

一.什么是协程;

  再说协成之前,我们需要了解两个概念,即用户态和内核态。

1.什么是用户态;

  官方解释:用户态(user mode)在计算机结构指两项类似的概念。在CPU的设计中,用户态指非特权状态。在此状态下,执行的代码被硬件限定,不能进行某些操作,比如写入其他进程的存储空间,以防止给操作系统带来安全隐患。在操作系统的设计中,用户态也类似,指非特权的执行状态。内核禁止此状态下的代码进行潜在危险的操作,比如写入系统配置文件、杀掉其他用户的进程、重启系统等。

   应用程序在用户态下运行,仅仅只能执行cpu整个指令集的一个子集,该子集中不包含操作硬件功能的部分,因此,一般情况下,在用户态中有关I/O和内存保护(操作系统占用的内存是受保护的,不能被别的程序占用)。

  如果感兴趣的朋友可以参考:https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E6%80%81/9548791?fr=aladdin

 

2.什么是内核态;

  内核态也叫和核心态。

  官方解释:在处理器的存储保护中,主要有两种权限状态,一种是核心态(管态),也被称为特权态;一种是用户态(目态)。核心态是操作系统内核所运行的模式,运行在该模式的代码,可以无限制地对系统存储、外部设备进行访问。

  操作系统在内核态运行情况下可以访问硬件上所有的内容。

  如果感兴趣的朋友可以参考:https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83%E6%80%81/6845908?fr=aladdin

 

3.什么是协成;

  官方解释:一个程序可以包含多个协程,可以对比与一个进程包含多个线程,因而下面我们来比较协程和线程。我们知道多个线程相对独立,有自己的上下文,切换受系统控制;而协程也相对独立,有自己的上下文,但是其切换由自己控制,由当前协程切换到其他协程由当前协程来控制。

  协程(coroutine)是Go语言中的轻量级线程实现,由Go运行时(runtime)管理。在一个函数调用前加上go关键字,这次调用就会在一个新的goroutine中并发执行。当被调用的函数返回时,这个goroutine也自动结束。需要注意的是,如果这个函数有返回值,那么这个返回值会被丢弃。协成工作在用户态,它类似于现场的运行方式可以并行处理任务。

   如果感兴趣的朋友可以参考:http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=MKRg3Ca7Bokkqv5EarU1JO7Oz6Wn8jMhmJcoivDG27dOFeznk3gVDSl5SfN6P191GSwGDInEfDPVkQ6j3pJNbICpy04U0F1TkLOZHVzs1-u

 

二.创建一个协程;

   在一个函数调用前加上go关键字,这次调用就会在一个新的goroutine中并发执行,下面我们一起来看段代码的执行结果:

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11 "time"
12 "fmt"
13 )
14 
15 func sayhi(s string)  {
16     for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
17         time.Sleep(100*time.Millisecond)  //表示每次循环后都要休息100毫秒。
18         fmt.Println(s)
19     }
20 }
21 
22 func main() {
23     go sayhi("尹正杰")  //在函数执行前加个go,表示单独起了一个协程,表示和当前主协程(main)并驾齐驱运行代码。
24     sayhi("Golang")
25 }
26 
27 
28 #以上代码执行结果如下:
29 Golang
30 尹正杰
31 尹正杰
32 Golang
33 Golang
34 尹正杰
35 尹正杰
36 Golang
37 Golang
38 尹正杰

   相信大家已经看到了一些端倪,我们先定义了一个“sayhi”函数,这个函数的功能就是将传入的字符串打印5遍,然后我们在主程序上调用的时候,发现在函数面前加"go"关键字时,就会打印输出,但是奇怪的是没有按照顺序打,它没有先打印五遍“尹正杰”然后在打印5遍“Golang”,而是函数执行结果是不规律的打印了两个字符串。这就是并发的效果,两个函数同事运行效果。这也是我们的并发之路的初体验。哈哈~

 

 

三.协程的局限性;

  发现让两端代码同事运行貌似听起来很高大上的样子,但是有个局限性,就是当主进程结束后,协成也会跟着结束,其实这个很好理解,我们通过一段代码就知道了:

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "time"
12     "fmt"
13 )
14 
15 func main() {
16     s := []int{2,7,1,6,4,3,11,15,17,5,8,9,12}
17     for _,n := range s{
18         go func(n int) { //定义一个匿名函数,并对该函数开启协程,每次循环都会开启一个协成,也就是说它开启了13个协程。
19             time.Sleep(time.Duration(n) * time.Second) /*表示每循环一次就需要睡1s,睡的总时间是由n来控制的,
20             总长度是由s切片数组中最大的一个数字决定,也就是说这个协成最少需要17秒才会结束哟*/
21             fmt.Println(n)
22         }(n)  //由于这个函数是匿名函数,所以调用方式就直接:(n)调用,不用输入函数名。
23     }
24     time.Sleep(12*time.Second) //主进程要执行的时间是12秒
25 }
26 
27 
28 
29 #以上代码执行结果如下:
30 1
31 2
32 3
33 4
34 5
35 6
36 7
37 8
38 9
39 11
40 12

  是不是很神奇,直接就进行排序了,但是15和17没有在终端输出,为什么呢?这就是我所说的主进程结束,那么整个程序也终将结束,因为主程序的时间只有12s,如果你想让所有的数据都排序出来,就得把数字换成一个大于或等于17的,这样才会对所有的数字进行排序。因为协成13个协程都要执行完毕的话需要17s才好使。

 

四.锁;

1.为什么要引入锁;

  在线上生活中,我们为了避免多个用户操作同一个文件,就会定义一个锁,为什么我们需要一个锁呢?我们可以看以下的案例:

 1 package main
 2 
 3 import (
 4     "time"
 5     "fmt"
 6 )
 7 
 8 type Accout struct {
 9     money int
10 }
11 
12 func (a *Accout) Do_Prepare() {
13     time.Sleep(time.Second)
14 }
15 
16 func (a *Accout) Get_Gongzi(n int) {
17     a.money += n
18 }
19 
20 func (a *Accout) Give_Wife(n int) {
21     if a.money > n {
22         a.Do_Prepare()
23         a.money -= n
24     }
25 }
26 
27 func (a *Accout) Buy(n int) {
28     if a.money >n {
29         a.Do_Prepare()
30         a.money -= n
31     }
32 }
33 
34 func (a *Accout) Left()int {
35     return a.money
36 }
37 
38 func main() {
39     var   account Accout
40     account.Get_Gongzi(10000)
41     go account.Give_Wife(6000)
42     go account.Buy(5000)
43     time.Sleep(2 * time.Second) //不能让主程序结束掉,因为主进程一结束go的协程也就跟着结束啦。
44     fmt.Println(account.Left())
45 }
46 
47 
48 
49 #以上代码执行结果如下:
50 -1000

 

  估计大家都看出来端倪了,在让两个协程并发跑起来,发现你得到的10000块钱都让给花出去了,是不是老尴尬了,写的判断语句也是没有生效的,最终10000块钱的工资,它竟然花了11000,如果银行这么干早就倒闭了,哈哈~那么问题来了,如果解决这一种现象呢?目前有四种常见的处理方案即:互斥锁,读写锁和channel锁以及waitgroup等等。

 

2.互斥锁;

  互斥锁是传统的并发程序对共享资源进行访问控制的主要手段。它由标准库代码包sync中的Mutex结构体类型代表。sync.Mutex类型(确切地说,是*sync.Mutex类型)只有两个公开方法——Lock和Unlock。顾名思义,前者被用于锁定当前的互斥量,而后者则被用来对当前的互斥量进行解锁。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "time"
12     "fmt"
13     "sync"
14 )
15 
16 
17 type Accout struct {
18     flag sync.Mutex
19     money int
20 }
21 
22 func (a *Accout) Do_Prepare() {
23     time.Sleep(time.Second)
24 }
25 
26 func (a *Accout) Get_Salary(n int) { //定义发的工资
27     a.money += n
28 }
29 
30 func (a *Accout) Give_Wife(n int) {  //上交给妻子的工资
31     a.flag.Lock()
32     defer a.flag.Unlock()
33     if a.money > n {
34         a.Do_Prepare()
35         a.money -= n
36     }else {
37         fmt.Println("您的余额已不足!请及时充值~")
38     }
39 }
40 
41 func (a *Accout) Buy(n int) {  //自己买的工资
42     a.flag.Lock()
43     defer a.flag.Unlock()
44     if a.money >n {
45         a.Do_Prepare()
46         a.money -= n
47     }else {
48         fmt.Println("您的余额已不足!请及时充值~")
49     }
50 }
51 
52 func (a *Accout) Left()int {
53     return a.money
54 }
55 
56 func main() {
57     var   account Accout
58     account.Get_Salary(10000)
59     go account.Give_Wife(6000)
60     go account.Buy(5000)
61     time.Sleep(2 * time.Second) //不能让主程序结束掉,因为主进程一结束go的协程也就跟着结束啦。
62     fmt.Printf("您的剩余工资是\033[31;1m%d\033[0m",account.Left())
63 
64 }
65 
66 
67 
68 #以上代码解析如下:
69 您的余额已不足!请及时充值~
70 您的剩余工资是4000

 

 

3.读写锁;

  在Go语言中,读写锁由结构体类型sync.RWMutex代表。与互斥锁类似,sync.RWMutex类型的零值就已经是立即可用的读写锁了。

  读写锁即是针对于读写操作的互斥锁。它与普通的互斥锁最大的不同就是,它可以分别针对读操作和写操作进行锁定和解锁操作。读写锁控制下的多个写操作之间都是互斥的,并且写操作与读操作之间也都是互斥的。但是,多个读操作之间却不存在互斥关系。

 

A.多个读操作之间却不存在互斥关系;

  我们会发现读取操作没有存在互斥的关系。5个进程同事进行读取,最终都顺利并行跑完了。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "sync"
12     "time"
13 )
14 
15 var m *sync.RWMutex  //定义m的类型为读写锁。
16 
17 func main() {
18     m = new(sync.RWMutex)
19     go read("第一次读取:")  //开启5个协程进行读取操作。如果不能并发跑最少需要5秒钟时间。
20     go read("第二次读取:")
21     go read("第三次读取:")
22     go read("第四次读取:")
23     go read("第五次读取:")
24     time.Sleep(2* time.Second)  //主进程只有2s,意味着这个程序最多能运行2s的时间。
25 }
26 
27 func read(i string) {
28     println(i, "read start")
29     m.RLock()  //读锁定
30     println(i, "资料正在读取中....")
31     time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)  //改函数执行完毕最少需要睡1秒。
32     m.RUnlock() //读解锁
33     println(i, "read end")
34 }
35 
36 
37 
38 #以上代码执行结果如下:
39 第二次读取: read start
40 第二次读取: 资料正在读取中....
41 第一次读取: read start
42 第一次读取: 资料正在读取中....
43 第三次读取: read start
44 第三次读取: 资料正在读取中....
45 第四次读取: read start
46 第四次读取: 资料正在读取中....
47 第五次读取: read start
48 第五次读取: 资料正在读取中....
49 第一次读取: read end
50 第三次读取: read end
51 第二次读取: read end
52 第四次读取: read end
53 第五次读取: read end

 

 

B.读写锁控制下的多个写操作之间都是互斥的,并且写操作与读操作之间也都是互斥的;

  我们发现,读的时候不能写,写的时候不能读,我们将主程序设置的时间是10秒钟,一次读两次写花费的总时间是12秒钟,因此肯定有一个是无法完成度或是写的部分。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "sync"
12     "time"
13 )
14 
15 var m *sync.RWMutex
16 
17 func read(i string) {
18     println(i, "read start")
19     m.RLock()
20     println(i, "资料正在读取中.....")
21     time.Sleep(4 * time.Second)
22     m.RUnlock()
23     println(i, "read end")
24 }
25 
26 func write(i string) {
27     println(i, "write start")
28     m.Lock() //写操作锁定
29     println(i, "数据正在写入硬盘中.....")
30     time.Sleep(4 * time.Second)
31     m.Unlock()  //写操作解锁
32     println(i, "write end")
33 }
34 
35 func main(){
36     m = new(sync.RWMutex)
37     go write("第一次写入") //写的时候啥都不能干,即其他协程无法写入,也无法读取。
38     go read("第一次读取")
39     go write("第二次写入")
40     time.Sleep(10 * time.Second) //主进程只给出10秒的时间,但是整个进程跑完最少需要12秒的时间。
41 }
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 #以上代码直接结果如下:
47 第一次写入 write start
48 第一次写入 数据正在写入硬盘中.....
49 第一次读取 read start
50 第二次写入 write start
51 第一次写入 write end
52 第一次读取 资料正在读取中.....
53 第一次读取 read end
54 第二次写入 数据正在写入硬盘中.....

 

4.channel锁;

  channel锁的工作原理就是让2个协成互相通信,一会我们会详细介绍。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "time"
12     "fmt"
13     "sync"
14 )
15 
16 
17 type Accout struct {
18     flag sync.Mutex
19     money int
20 }
21 
22 func (a *Accout) Do_Prepare() {
23     time.Sleep(time.Second)
24 }
25 
26 func (a *Accout) Get_Gongzi(n int) {
27     a.money += n
28 }
29 
30 func (a *Accout) Give_Wife(n int) {
31     a.flag.Lock()
32     defer a.flag.Unlock()
33     if a.money > n {
34         a.Do_Prepare()
35         a.money -= n
36     }else {
37         fmt.Println("您的余额已不足,请及时充值!")
38     }
39 }
40 
41 func (a *Accout) Buy(n int) {
42     a.flag.Lock()
43     defer a.flag.Unlock()
44     if a.money >n {
45         a.Do_Prepare()
46         a.money -= n
47     }else {
48         fmt.Println("您的余额已不足,请及时充值!")
49     }
50 }
51 
52 func (a *Accout) Left()int {
53     return a.money
54 }
55 
56 func main() {
57     var   account Accout
58     account.Get_Gongzi(10000)
59 
60     var work_info  chan string
61     work_info = make(chan string ,2)  //定义一个channel
62 
63     go func() {
64         account.Give_Wife(6000)
65         work_info <- "I done"  //如果该进程执行完毕就发送一条数据给channel,下面的那个也一样
66     }()
67 
68     go func() {
69         account.Buy(50000)
70         work_info <- "I  have done too!"
71     }()
72 
73     cnt := 0
74     for i := range work_info {
75         fmt.Println(i)
76         cnt++ //每次循环都叠加1,当2个协程都工作完就让主程序结束。
77         if cnt >= 2 {
78             break
79         }
80 
81     }
82     defer close(work_info)
83     fmt.Printf("您的剩余工资是\033[31;1m%d\033[0m",account.Left())
84 }
85 
86 
87 
88 
89 #以上代码直接结果如下:
90 您的余额已不足,请及时充值!
91 I  have done too!
92 I done
93 您的剩余工资是4000

 

  其实channel还有一个好处就是解决超时问题,就是如果在规定的时间没有完成进程的内容,我们就返回给用户超时的状态。以下是示例代码:

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "time"
12     "fmt"
13     "sync"
14 )
15 
16 
17 type Accout struct {
18     flag sync.Mutex
19     money int
20 }
21 
22 func (a *Accout) Do_Prepare() {
23     time.Sleep(time.Second)
24 }
25 
26 func (a *Accout) Get_Gongzi(n int) {
27     a.money += n
28 }
29 
30 func (a *Accout) Give_Wife(n int) {
31     a.flag.Lock()
32     defer a.flag.Unlock()
33     if a.money > n {
34         a.Do_Prepare()
35         a.money -= n
36     }else {
37         fmt.Println("您的余额已不足,请及时充值!")
38     }
39 }
40 
41 func (a *Accout) Buy(n int) {
42     a.flag.Lock()
43     defer a.flag.Unlock()
44     if a.money >n {
45         a.Do_Prepare()
46         a.money -= n
47     }else {
48         fmt.Println("您的余额已不足,请及时充值!")
49     }
50 }
51 
52 func (a *Accout) Left()int {
53     return a.money
54 }
55 
56 func main() {
57     var   account Accout
58     account.Get_Gongzi(10000)
59 
60     var work_info  chan string
61     work_info = make(chan string ,2)  //定义一个channel
62 
63     go func() {
64         account.Give_Wife(6000)
65         work_info <- "I done"  //如果该进程执行完毕就发送一条数据给channel,下面的那个也一样
66     }()
67 
68     go func() {
69         account.Buy(50000)
70         work_info <- "I  have done too!"
71     }()
72 
73     cnt := 0
74     for i := range work_info {
75         fmt.Println(i)
76         cnt++ //每次循环都叠加1,当2个协程都工作完就让主程序结束。
77         if cnt >= 2 {
78             fmt.Println("操作超时")
79             return
80         }
81 
82     }
83     defer close(work_info)
84     fmt.Printf("您的剩余工资是\033[31;1m%d\033[0m",account.Left())
85 }
86 
87 
88 
89 #以上代码执行结果如下:
90 您的余额已不足,请及时充值!
91 I  have done too!
92 I done
93 操作超时

 

5.waitgroup进行同步;

  WaitGroup在go语言中,用于线程同步,它能够一直等到所有的goroutine执行完成,并且阻塞主线程的执行,直到所有的goroutine执行完成。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "time"
12     "fmt"
13     "sync"
14 )
15 
16 type Accout struct {
17     flag sync.Mutex
18     money int
19 }
20 
21 func (a *Accout) Do_Prepare() {
22     time.Sleep(time.Second)
23 }
24 
25 func (a *Accout) Get_Gongzi(n int) {
26     a.money += n
27 }
28 
29 func (a *Accout) Give_Wife(n int) {
30     a.flag.Lock()
31     defer a.flag.Unlock()
32     if a.money > n {
33         a.Do_Prepare()
34         a.money -= n
35     }else {
36         fmt.Println("您的余额已不足,请及时充值!")
37     }
38 }
39 
40 func (a *Accout) Buy(n int) {
41     a.flag.Lock()
42     defer a.flag.Unlock()
43     if a.money >n {
44         a.Do_Prepare()
45         a.money -= n
46     }else {
47         fmt.Println("您的余额已不足,请及时充值!")
48     }
49 }
50 
51 func (a *Accout) Left()int {
52     return a.money
53 }
54 
55 func main() {
56     var   account Accout
57     account.Get_Gongzi(10000)
58     wg := new(sync.WaitGroup) //定义一个WaitGroup,就是用来等待都
59     wg.Add(2) //有几个进程需要等待就写几个,写多或写少都会报错哟~
60     go func() {
61         account.Give_Wife(6000)
62         wg.Done() //该进程结束就发送结束标志。
63     }()
64     go func() {
65         account.Buy(5000)
66         wg.Done()
67     }()
68     wg.Wait()  //等待所有协程结束后在执行以下都代码。
69     fmt.Printf("您的剩余工资是\033[31;1m%d\033[0m",account.Left())
70 }
71 
72 
73 
74 #以上代码执行结果如下:
75 您的余额已不足,请及时充值!
76 您的剩余工资是5000 

 

五.协程池;

  协程池可以控制并行度,复用协程。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "sync"
12     "net/http"
13     "log"
14 )
15 
16 func work(ch chan string, wg *sync.WaitGroup) { //ch是用来接受数据,wg是用来同步协程的.
17     for u := range ch{
18         resp,err := http.Get(u) //将channel中的数据读取出来
19         if err != nil {
20             log.Print(err)
21             return
22         }
23         log.Printf("访问的网站是:%s,网页的大小是:%v",u,resp.ContentLength)
24         resp.Body.Close() //
25     }
26     wg.Done()
27 }
28 
29 func main() {
30     wg := new(sync.WaitGroup) //定义WaitGroup为了进行协程同步。
31     wg.Add(5) //开启5个协程池。
32     taskch := make(chan string) //创建一个channel
33     for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
34         go work(taskch,wg)
35     }
36     urls := []string{"http://www.baidu.com","http://www.zhihu.com","http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/p/7201980.html"} //定义需要访问的网站。
37         for _,url := range urls{
38         taskch <- url //往channel发送数据。
39         }
40         close(taskch)
41         wg.Wait() //等待程序结束
42 }
43 
44 
45 
46 #以上代码执行结果如下:
47 2017/07/24 15:23:02 访问的网站是:http://www.baidu.com,网页的大小是:-1
48 2017/07/24 15:23:03 访问的网站是:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/p/7201980.html,网页的大小是:-1
49 2017/07/24 15:23:03 访问的网站是:http://www.zhihu.com,网页的大小是:-1

 

六.channel的引入;

  Go 语言中的 channel 是实现  goroutine 间无锁通信的关键机制,他使得写多线程并发程序变得简单、灵活、触手可得。channel是Go语言在语言级别提供的goroutine间的通信方式,我们可以使用channel在多个goroutine之间传递消息。channel是进程内的通信方式,因此通过channel传递对象的过程和调用函数时的参数传递行为比较一致,比如也可以传递指针等。

 

1.实现channel的Receive与Sender;

  初学者可以理解成:channel实际上就是接受和发送数据。channel是类型相关的,一个channel只能传递一种类型的值,这个类型需要在声明channel时指定。有了这些就够了,我们一起来看段代码来感受下channel吧。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import "fmt"
11 
12 
13 
14 func sum(s []int, c chan int) {  //该函数是对切片数组求和,需要传入一个切片数组和一个channel。
15     sum := 0
16     for _,v := range s {
17         sum += v //表示对切片数组进行求和。
18     }
19     c <- sum   //将sum的数据送给名称为c的channel,也就是说将数组中的数字的值传给channel。给channle赋值的时候,其应该在左边。
20 }
21 
22 func main() {
23     Slice_array := []int{1,2,3,4,-9,4,2,0}
24     channel_name := make(chan int)  //用chan定义一个channel对象名称为channel_name,其类型是int。
25     go sum(Slice_array[:len(Slice_array)/2],channel_name)  //在函数上开启协成,注意格式。是在函数前面加个go参数即可。
26     go sum(Slice_array[len(Slice_array)/2:],channel_name)
27     x,y := <-channel_name, <-channel_name  //将channel_name中的数据接收并复制给x和y,当然你也可以定义两个变量名不同的channle,要注意到是取channel的值时,其应该在右边,
28     fmt.Println(x,y,x+y)
29 }
30 
31 
32 
33 #以上代码执行结果如下:
34 -3 10 7

 

2.channel的缓冲大小;

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import "fmt"
11 
12 
13 
14 func main() {
15     ch := make(chan int,5)  /*定义缓冲大小容量为5。下面给channel发送了3个值,如果接受当值超过预定义的5时,就会
16      报错哟!如果你不写的化就会报错:"fatal error: all goroutines are asleep - deadlock!"*/
17     ch <- 100
18     ch <- 200
19     ch <- 300
20     fmt.Println(<-ch)  //第一次取值
21     fmt.Println(<-ch)  //第二次取值
22     fmt.Println(<-ch)  //第三次取值
23 }
24 
25 
26 
27 #以上代码执行结果如下:
28 100
29 200
30 300

 

3.channel的应用;

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import "fmt"
11 
12 func fibonacci(n int,c chan int) { //定义斐波拉契数列函数。
13     x,y := 0,1
14     for i := 0; i < n; i++ { 
15         c <- x
16         x,y = y,x+y
17         if x > 100 {  //表示当循环到两个数字之和大于100时就终止循环。
18             break
19         }
20     }
21     close(c) //关闭channel,如果不关闭就会被锁,出现报错:"deadlock!"
22 }
23 
24 func main() {
25     channel_name := make(chan int,15) //定义channel缓冲大小时为15,表示最多存取15个元素。
26     go fibonacci(cap(channel_name),channel_name)
27     for i := range channel_name{  //遍历channel_name
28         fmt.Println(i)
29     }
30 }
31 
32 
33 
34 #以上代码执行结果如下:
35 0
36 1
37 1
38 2
39 3
40 5
41 8
42 13
43 21
44 34
45 55
46 89

 

 4.Channeld的select语法;

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import "fmt"
11 
12 func fibonacci(channel_name,quit chan int)  { //定义两个channle对象channel_name和quit。
13     x,y := 0,1
14     for{
15         select {
16         case channel_name <- x:  //用channel_name接受数据。
17             x,y = y,x+y
18 
19         case <-quit:  //表示当接收到quit的channel时,就执行以下代码。其实就是实现关闭channel的功能。
20             fmt.Println("EXIT")
21             return //函数一退出协程也就跟着退出了
22         }
23     }
24 }
25 
26 func main() {
27     channel_name := make(chan int)
28     quit := make(chan int)
29     go func() {
30         for i := 0; i < 11; i++ {
31             fmt.Println(<-channel_name)  //"<-channel_name"表示读取channel_name中的参数。
32         }
33         quit<- 100 /*当for循环结束后,我们随便给quit的channel传一个值就可以实现退出函数的功能。我们之前需要
34         用close(c)来退出发信号的功能,主动权在"fibonacci",而我们现在我们用quit来主动退出协程。*/
35     }() //这里加个括号是在调用当前函数。
36     fibonacci(channel_name,quit)  //将channel_name和quit传递给fibonacci函数
37 }
38 
39 
40 
41 #以上代码珍惜结果如下:
42 0
43 1
44 1
45 2
46 3
47 5
48 8
49 13
50 21
51 34
52 55
53 EXIT

 

 5.default语法;

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "time"
12     "fmt"
13 )
14 
15 func main() {
16     tick := time.Tick(1000*time.Millisecond) //也可以这样写:“tick := time.NewTicker(1000*time.Millisecond).C”其中这个点C就是一个channel。
17     boom := time.After(5000*time.Millisecond)
18     for  {
19         select {
20         case <-tick:
21             fmt.Println("滴答。。。")
22         case <-boom:
23             fmt.Println("砰~")
24             return
25         default:
26             fmt.Println("吃一口凉皮")
27             time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond)
28         }
29     }
30 }
31 
32 
33 
34 #以上代码执行结果如下:
35 吃一口凉皮
36 吃一口凉皮
37 滴答。。。
38 吃一口凉皮
39 吃一口凉皮
40 滴答。。。
41 吃一口凉皮
42 吃一口凉皮
43 滴答。。。
44 吃一口凉皮
45 吃一口凉皮
46 滴答。。。
47 吃一口凉皮
48 吃一口凉皮
49 砰~

 

 6.channel扩展;

A.time.NewTicker用法展示:

  当我们在写一个监控系统的时候,需要实施监控,但是定义巡检时间的话,需要我们自定义巡检周期性。这个时候我们就可以用到一个叫时间设置器的函数,即:time.NewTicker。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "time"
12     "fmt"
13 )
14 
15 func main() {
16     timer := time.NewTicker(3 * time.Second)  //设置定时器,定义timer的基本单位是三秒。
17     cnt := 0
18     for _ = range timer.C{  //其中timer.C就是一个channel
19         cnt++
20         if cnt > 3 {
21             timer.Stop()  //调用方式
22             return //这里是手动停下来,一般是不会让他停下来,比如在监控的时候,但是有结束条件的时候用return的话是不会报错的
23         }
24         fmt.Println("yinzhengjie")
25     }
26 }
27 
28 
29 
30 #以上代码执行结果如下:
31 
32 yinzhengjie
33 yinzhengjie
34 yinzhengjie

 

B.time.After用法展示:

  要注意的是,“time.NewTicker”需要调用"Stop"方法才会被执行,而“time.After”调用的姿势也不一样,我们一起来体验一下吧。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "time"
12     "fmt"
13 )
14 
15 func main() {
16     c := time.After(time.Second*3)  //表示让其睡眠3秒钟。
17     <-c   //调用方式
18     fmt.Println("主进程执行完毕")
19 }
20 
21 
22 
23 #以上代码执行结果如下:
24 主进程执行完毕

 

C.channel的深入浅出;

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "net/http"
12     "log"
13     "fmt"
14     "time"
15 )
16 
17 /*
18 1.channel就好像一个传送带,可以源源不断的往里面放数据,只要不close就可以永远发送数据。
19 2.如果channel里面没有数据,接收方会阻塞。
20 3.如果没有人正在等待channel的数据,发送方会阻塞。
21 4.从一个close的channel取数据永远不会阻塞,同时获取的是默认值
22 */
23 
24 
25 func Print_url(url string) {
26     res,err := http.Get(url)
27     if err != nil {
28         log.Fatal("11111",err)
29     }
30     defer res.Body.Close()
31     fmt.Printf("网页的状态返回码是:%v\n",res.Status)
32 
33 }
34 
35 func work(resave chan string) {
36 
37     for  {
38         url,ok := <- resave   //如果channel里面没有数据,接收方会阻塞。用url,ok两个参数来接受channel,可以从channel会返回两个参数。url表示接受的数据。ok接受的信息是channel是否结束。
39         //fmt.Println(url,ok)
40         if !ok { //判断channel是否关闭。
41             break
42         }
43         Print_url(url)
44     }
45 
46     //for i := range resave { //range语法一值在接受数据,而channel可以源源不断的往里面添加数据。从一个close的channel取数据永远不会阻塞,同时获取的是默认值。
47     //    Print_url(i)
48     //}
49 }
50 
51 func main() {
52     make_string := make(chan string)
53     for i := 0;i<3 ;i++  {
54         go work(make_string)
55     }
56     urls := []string{"http://www.baidu.com","http://www.qq.com","http://www.weixin.com"}
57         for _,i := range urls    {
58         make_string <- i //如果没有人正在等待channel的数据,发送方会阻塞。
59         }
60         close(make_string) //channel就好像一个传送带,可以源源不断的往里面放数据,只要不close就可以永远发送数据。
61         time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
62     }
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 #以上代码输出结果如下:
68 网页的状态返回码是:200 OK
69 网页的状态返回码是:200 OK
70 网页的状态返回码是:200 OK

 

D.waitgroup+channel配合使用;

  我们可以对C进行优化,在实际生产环境中,我们最好不要用"time.sleep"这个方法来实现主程序等待子程序执行完毕,因为会出现异响不到的bug哟~推荐是用waitgrout来取代这个sleep时间。

 1 package main
 2 
 3 import (
 4     "net/http"
 5     "log"
 6     "fmt"
 7     //"time"
 8     "sync"
 9 )
10 
11 /*
12 1.channel就好像一个传送带,可以源源不断的往里面放数据,只要不close就可以永远发送数据。
13 2.如果channel里面没有数据,接收方会阻塞。
14 3.如果没有人正在等待channel的数据,发送方会阻塞。
15 4.从一个close的channel取数据永远不会阻塞,同时获取的是默认值
16 */
17 
18 
19 func Print_url(url string) {
20     res,err := http.Get(url)
21     if err != nil {
22         log.Fatal("11111",err)
23     }
24     defer res.Body.Close()
25     fmt.Printf("网页的状态返回码是:%v\n",res.Status)
26 
27 }
28 
29 func work(resave chan string,wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
30 
31     for  {
32         url,ok := <- resave   //如果channel里面没有数据,接收方会阻塞。用url,ok两个参数来接受channel,可以从channel会返回两个参数。url表示接受的数据。ok接受的信息是channel是否结束。
33         //fmt.Println(url,ok)
34         if !ok { //判断channel是否关闭。
35             break
36         }
37         Print_url(url)
38     }
39 
40     //for i := range resave { //range语法一值在接受数据,而channel可以源源不断的往里面添加数据。从一个close的channel取数据永远不会阻塞,同时获取的是默认值。
41     //    Print_url(i)
42     //}
43     wg.Done()
44 }
45 
46 func main() {
47     wg := new(sync.WaitGroup)
48     //var num = 3
49     //make_string := make(chan string)
50     //for i := 0;i<num ;i++  {
51     //    go work(make_string,wg)
52     //}
53     //wg.Add(num)
54 
55     make_string := make(chan string)
56     for i := 0;i<3 ;i++  {
57         wg.Add(1)  //启用的协程数和add的进程池保持一致。
58         go work(make_string,wg)
59     }
60 
61     urls := []string{"http://www.baidu.com","http://www.qq.com","http://www.weixin.com"}
62         for _,i := range urls    {
63         make_string <- i //如果没有人正在等待channel的数据,发送方会阻塞。
64         }
65         close(make_string) //channel就好像一个传送带,可以源源不断的往里面放数据,只要不close就可以永远发送数据。
66         //time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
67         wg.Wait() //等待
68     }
69 
70 
71 
72 #以上代码执行结果如下:
73 网页的状态返回码是:200 OK
74 网页的状态返回码是:200 OK
75 网页的状态返回码是:200 OK

 

七.爬虫进阶之路;

  在我们想要写出来一个爬虫出来,我们首先得了解几个模块,知道它的用法,这样我们才能写出一个真正的爬虫,接下来跟我一起看看常用的几个模块吧。

1."net/http"模块用法展示;

  "net/http"模块可用于爬去url的内容。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "net/http"
12     "log"
13     "io"
14     "os"
15 )
16 
17 func main() {
18     url := "http://www.xiaohuar.com"  //定义一个URl,也就是我们要爬的网站。
19     resp,err := http.Get(url) //获取url的内容。
20     if err != nil {
21         log.Fatal(err)
22     }
23     defer resp.Body.Close()  //千万要关闭链接,不然会造成资源泄露。
24     if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{ //如果返回状态出现错误,就抛出错误。
25         log.Fatal(resp.Status)
26     }
27     io.Copy(os.Stdout,resp.Body) //将正常的结果输出到屏幕上,并不会占用内存。
28 }
  1 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# more http.go 
  2 package main
  3 
  4 import (
  5         "net/http"
  6         "log"
  7         "io"
  8         "os"
  9 )
 10 
 11 func main() {
 12         url := "http://www.xiaohuar.com"  //定义一个URl,也就是我们要爬的网站。
 13         resp,err := http.Get(url)
 14         if err != nil {
 15                 log.Fatal(err)
 16         }
 17         defer resp.Body.Close()  //千万要关闭链接,不然会造成资源泄露。
 18         if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{ //如果返回状态出现错误,就抛出错误。
 19                 log.Fatal(resp.Status)
 20         }
 21         io.Copy(os.Stdout,resp.Body) //将结果输出到屏幕上,并不会占用内存。
 22 }
 23 
 24 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
 25 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
 26 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# go run http.go 
 27 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
 28 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
 29 <head>
 30 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312"/>
 31 <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-transform"/>
 32 <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-siteapp"/>
 33 <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and(max-width: 640px)" href="http://m.xiaohuar.com/">
 34 <title>-УУtitle><meta name="keywords" content="УУ
 35 
 36                                                   <meta name="description" content="2015УУУƬУѧУУ">
 37 <link rel="Shortcut Icon" type="image/x-icon" href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/favicon.ico"/>
 38 <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/css/global.css"/>
 39 <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/css/index2.css"/>
 40 <link href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/css/a.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
 41 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
 42 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/js/global.js"></script>
 43 <script src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/default/js/tophone.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script type="text/javascript">uaredirect("http://m.xiaohuar.com");</script>
 44 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/js/focus.js"></script>
 45 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/default/js/index.js"></script>
 46 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/js/imglazyload.js"></script>
 47 <meta property="qc:admins" content="10572731676011705126375"/>
 48 </head>
 49 <body>
 50 <div class="g-hd"><div class="m-nav"><h1 class="m-logo"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com" title="У">У</a></h1><ul id="menu-nav" class="main-menu"><li id="menu-item-14599" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-item current_page_item menu-item-home menu-item-14599"><a title="" href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/"></a></li><li id="menu-item-32780" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32780"><a title="Уhref="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hua/">Уa></li><li id="menu-item-32781" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32781"><a title="Уhref="http://www.xiaohuar.com/2014.html">Уa></li><li id="menu-item-32783" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32783"><a title="Уhref="http://www.xiaohuar.com/xiaocao/">Уa></li><li id="menu-item-32782" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32782"><a title="УƵ" href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/v/"></a></li><li id="menu-item-14595"><a title="У href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/mm/">Уa></li><li id="menu-item-14596" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14596"><a title="Уhref="http://www.xiaohuar.com/nvshen/" target="_blank">Ůa></li></ul><div class="searchform"><script type="text/javascript">document.write(unescape('%3Cdiv id="bdcs"%3E%3C/div%3E%3Cscript charset="utf-8" src="http://znsv.baidu.com/customer_search/api/js?sid=16660441808226271668') + '&plate_url=' + (encodeURIComponent(window.location.href)) + '&t=' + (Math.ceil(new Date()/3600000)) + unescape('"%3E%3C/script%3E'));</script></div></div></div>
 51 <div style="margin-top:80px;">
 52 </div><div class="jiaodian">
 53  
 54 <div id="inner">
 55 <div class="hot-event">
 56 <div class="switch-nav"><a href="#" onclick="return false;" class="prev"><i class="ico i-prev"></i><span class="hide-clip">span><span class="blackbg"></span></a><a href="#" onclick="return false;" class="next"><i class="ico i-next"></i><span class="hide-clip">span><span class="blackbg"></span></a></div>
 57 <div class="event-item" style="display: block;"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/zhongxue/" target="_blank" class="banner"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/2.jpg" class="photo" style="width: 1000px; height: 400px;" alt="Ůϲ˽></a></div><div class="event-item" style="display: none;"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/dasai/" target="_blank" class="banner"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/3.jpg" class="photo" style="width: 1000px; height: 400px;" alt="д></a></div><div class="event-item" style="display: none;"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-6-27.html" target="_blank" class="banner"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/4.jpg" class="photo" style="width: 1000px; height: 400px;" alt="ɭ></a></div><div class="event-item" style="display: none;"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-6-26.html" target="_blank" class="banner"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/5.jpg" class="photo" style="width: 1000px; height: 400px;" alt=""/></a></div><div class="event-item" style="display: none;"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-6-25.html" target="_blank" class="banner"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/6.jpg" class="photo" style="width: 1000px; height: 400px;" alt="ʷ欶/></a></div>
 58 <div class="switch-tab">
 59 <a href="#" onclick="return false;" hidefocus="true" class="current">1</a>
 60 <a href="#" onclick="return false;" hidefocus="true">2</a>
 61 <a href="#" onclick="return false;" hidefocus="true">3</a>
 62 <a href="#" onclick="return false;" hidefocus="true">4</a>
 63 <a href="#" onclick="return false;" hidefocus="true">5</a>
 64 </div>
 65 </div>
 66 </div>
 67 <script type="text/javascript">
 68        $('#inner').nav({ t: 2000, a: 1000 });
 69        </script>
 70  
 71 </div>
 72 <div class="all_1000">
 73 <div class="jingxuan ">
 74 <div class="title1000"><div class="jingxuan "><div class="title1000"><div class="title jx"><a>ͼƬ</a></div>
 75 <div class="titleleft"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news/" target="_blank">Уa>|<a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/meinv/" target="_blank"></a>|<a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/2014.html" target="_blank">У</a>|<a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/daxue/" target="_blank">Уa>|<a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/" target="_blank"></a></div><div style="float:right;padding-top:10px;"><div class="bdsharebuttonbox"><a href="#" class="bds_more" data-cmd="more"></a><a href="#" class="bds_qzone" data-cmd="qzone" title=""></a><a href="#" class="bds_tsina" data-cmd="tsina" title="</a><a href="#" class="bds_tqq" data-cmd="tqq" title="Ѷ΢</a><a href="#" class="bds_weixin" data-cmd="weixin" title="</a><a href="#" class="bds_sqq" data-cmd="sqq" title=""></a><a href="#" class="bds_tieba" data-cmd="tieba" title="</a></div>
 76 <script>window._bd_share_config={"common":{"bdSnsKey":{},"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":"0","bdSize":"24"},"share":{}};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')).src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];</script></div></div>
 77 </div>
 78 </div>
 79 <div class="img1000">
 80 <ul><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hua/" target="_blank" title="У<i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/a.jpg" alt="У></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/xiaocao/" target="_blank" title="У<i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/b.jpg" alt="У></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/mm/" target="_blank" title="У<i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/c.jpg" alt="У></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/meinv/" target="_blank" title=""><i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/images/banner/d.jpg" alt=""/></a></li></ul>
 81 </div>
 82 </div>
 83 <div class="clear"></div><div class="adv100090" style="margin-top: 15px;text-align: center;padding: 20px 0px;background-color: #f5f5f5;"> <script type="text/javascript">
 84     /*banner*/
 85     var cpro_id = "u2170109";
 86 </script>
 87 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cpro.baidustatic.com/cpro/ui/c.js"></script>
 88 </div>
 89 <div class="all_lanmu ">
 90 <div class="title1000"><div class="title xg"><a>Уa></div><div class="more"></div>
 91 </div>
 92 <ul class="twoline">
 93 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1933.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170628/f3d06ef49965aedbe18286a2f221fd9f.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1933.html" target="_blank"><span>ҵѧԺУspan></a><b class="b1">ҵѧԺ</b><b class="b2">81</b></li>
 94 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1932.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170626/0ab1d89f54c90df477a90aa533ceea36.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1932.html" target="_blank"><span>ְҵѧԺУ</span></a><b class="b1">ְҵѧԺ</b><b class="b2">4</b></li>
 95 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1931.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170619/e0456729d4dcbea569a1acbc6a47ab69.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1931.html" target="_blank"><span>ְҵѧԺУ</span></a><b class="b1">ְҵѧԺ</b><b class="b2">21</b></li>
 96 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1928.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170612/1f6620771e2815d21f37d481fa8311e6.png"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1928.html" target="_blank"><span>ɽУ</span></a><b class="b1">ɽ</b><b class="b2">32</b></li>
 97 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1926.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170604/ec3794d0d42b538bf4461a84dac32509.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1926.html" target="_blank"><span>ʵ</span></a><b class="b1">ʵb><b class="b2">36</b></li>
 98 <li><a href="/p-1-338.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150313150700127.jpg"/></a><a href="/p-1-338.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУѩcc</span></a><b class="b1">ѧԺ</b><b class="b2">106</b></li>
 99 <li><a href="/p-1-165.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150306205302174.jpg"/></a><a href="/p-1-165.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУ</span></a><b class="b1">ѧԺ</b><b class="b2">78</b></li>
100 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-667.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150716115704192.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-667.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУspan></a><b class="b1">ѧԺ</b><b class="b2">150</b></li>
101 <li><a href="/p-1-390.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150313162704133.jpg"/></a><a href="/p-1-390.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">351</b></li>
102 <li><a href="/p-1-363.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/aaa5491c03fce0c6c3806c838fd64980.jpg"/></a><a href="/p-1-363.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">220</b></li>
103 </ul>
104 </div>
105 <div class="all_1000">
106 <div class="title1000"><div class="title mx"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news/" target="_blank">Уa></div><div class="more"></div>
107 </div>
108 <div class="mx_left">
109 <div class="mx240">
110 <div class="img240 piclunbo">
111 <a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/188.html" class='on' target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20160328/1459134125894888.jpg" width="240" height="150" alt="ǫע<em></em><span>ǫעpan></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-148.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151027/1445918569133368.jpg" width="240" height="150" alt="ѧԺУ><em></em><span>ѧԺУspan></a>
112 <a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-145.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151026/1445832517110699.jpg" width="240" height="150" alt="<em></em><span>pan></a>
113 </div>
114 <ul> <li class='kuang'><a href="javascript:;"><i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20160328/1459134125894888.jpg" width="72" height="50" alt="ǫע</a></li> <li><a href="javascript:;"><i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151027/1445918569133368.jpg" width="72" height="50" alt="ѧԺУ></a></li>
115 <li><a href="javascript:;"><i></i><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151026/1445832517110699.jpg" width="72" height="50" alt="</a></li>
116 </ul> </div>
117 <div class="mx240_list">
118 <div class="title240"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news/" target="_blank"></a></div>
119 <ul>
120 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news-1-1933.html" target="_blank" title="">ҵѧԺУa></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news-1-1932.html" target="_blank" title="ְҵѧԺУ</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news-1-1931.html" target="_blank" title="֣">ְҵѧԺУ</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/news-1-1928.html" target="_blank" title="ɽУ</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/188.html" target="_blank" title="ǫע</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/183.html" target="_blank" title="ϲ">ϲ</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/182.html" target="_blank" title="MM">MM</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/179.html" target="_blank" title="ŮChoi Somi)΢ʾ">ŮChoi Somi)΢ʾ</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/hot/168.html" target="_blank" title="ô">ô</a></li> </ul>
121 </div>
122 </div>
123 <div class="mx_con">
124 <div class="mx_con_top">
125 <div class="div1"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-7-10.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" width="200" lazysrc="/d/file/20150827/f341b4ac6aaadd8d935c9de04cc5d812.jpg"/><span>jolie</span><em></em></a></div>
126 <div class="div2"><div class="img125120">
127 <a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1548.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" width="125" lazysrc="/d/file/20160412/434d0f660ad823fa3d0b12b115a6af99.jpg"/><span>ӯ</span><em></em></a> </div><div class="clearh10"></div><div class="img125170"> <a href="/p-1-328.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20141204065514172.jpg" width="125"/><span></span><em></em></a> </div></div>
128 <div class="div2"><div class="img125170"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-1-1854.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" width="125" lazysrc="/d/file/20170227/06eb36fb8d8708551b7a53f8e07e77a7.jpg"/><span>span><em></em></a> </div><div class="clearh10"></div><div class="img125120"><a href="/p-1-126.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/c34082612850c3a01922c960c2384bbf.jpg" width="125"/><span>span><em></em></a> </div></div>
129 </div>
130 <div class="mx_con_down">
131 <div class="title470">Ůdiv><div class="img155200"><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-6-3.html" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150815123444171.jpg" alt="Yurisa"/><span>Yurisa-</span><em></em></a></div>
132 <div class="ulbox">
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178 <ul class="twoline">
179 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-639.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150221175512120.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-639.html" target="_blank"><span>ʯʨѧУ</span></a><b class="b1">ʯʨѧ</b><b class="b2">91</b></li>
180 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-706.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/d33b2cae4fdfa7110fa8049db325838f.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-706.html" target="_blank"><span>loly~~~~~~~У~~~~</span></a><b class="b1">loly~~~~~~~</b><b class="b2">69</b></li>
181 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-486.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20150414092659161.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-486.html" target="_blank"><span>УֱгŴ˽span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">75</b></li>
182 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-691.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/9bfe870df5ea859c219b6f2733e513b1.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-691.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">85</b></li>
183 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1122.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20160109/7f860f71d979a57531132f91677376bb.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1122.html" target="_blank"><span>Уspan></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">84</b></li>
184 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-867.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20151003/11f8c32b40eab5269d18e68d51185d8d.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-867.html" target="_blank"><span></span></a><b class="b1">b><b class="b2">64</b></li>
185 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1099.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20151231/ddb79b6dcdbc876059cd6db9730d7656.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1099.html" target="_blank"><span>DZɽҰկУ</span></a><b class="b1">DZɽҰկ</b><b class="b2">48</b></li>
186 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-797.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20150902/890c8a533c0346c19bb84ff90a36e4fd.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-797.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">58</b></li>
187 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-922.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20151103/d89e18e42269f9169dfcffba836f2795.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-922.html" target="_blank"><span>ְҵѧԺУ</span></a><b class="b1">ְҵѧԺ</b><b class="b2">58</b></li>
188 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1114.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20160107/776911c54ae5ed4f0fe1c3652ce755da.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-4-1114.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">188</b></li>
189 </ul>
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191 <div class="all_lanmu ">
192 <div class="title1000"><div class="title mytitle myw_fresh"><a href="/xiaocao/" target="_blank">Уa></div><div class="more"><a href="/xiaocao/" target="_blank">MORE+</a></div></div>
193 <ul class="twoline">
194 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1930.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170613/814725f45667309a6066e93b1ad2e378.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1930.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">1</b></li>
195 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1927.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170608/f07501a9d1fe9945e2fb96f0890a8d23.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1927.html" target="_blank"><span>ʦѧУspan></a><b class="b1">ʦѧ</b><b class="b2">1600</b></li>
196 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1915.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170601/b5ceb0d78d4e2d15f5bf3e9085fdc638.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1915.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">1</b></li>
197 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1907.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170528/68f95c381d71baeb3290cf686f75cf6e.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1907.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧУ˼</span></a><b class="b1">ѧ</b><b class="b2">1</b></li>
198 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1900.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170505/6de1dfa7b06149a8e4f58d4531f1e0a6.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1900.html" target="_blank"><span>һСУ</span></a><b class="b1">һС</b><b class="b2">1</b></li>
199 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1899.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170504/b44a79761757d24941c3f1205630f265.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1899.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУkey</span></a><b class="b1">ѧԺ</b><b class="b2">3</b></li>
200 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1880.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170416/55e0a68c6d7b985dca286f24b4a0b4ed.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1880.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1"></b><b class="b2">2</b></li>
201 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1877.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170413/31572d773f2117c4dd3c1a4552fb64c9.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1877.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧУУԣspan></a><b class="b1">ѧУ</b><b class="b2">2</b></li>
202 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1876.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170413/aaeaa82b8eccb31323153201f0d35c69.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1876.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУspan></a><b class="b1">ѧԺ</b><b class="b2">3</b></li>
203 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1868.html" target="_blank" class="xhpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20170404/e1bc3ee2190f02b13a4b65fa78839df8.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-2-1868.html" target="_blank"><span>У.У</span></a><b class="b1">У.</b><b class="b2">3</b></li>
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223 <ul class="oneline" style="height: 230px;"><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-97.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161208/878a9b4f94d401a8c2651f2b04f8c94e.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-97.html" target="_blank"><span>,СŶ</span></a><b class="b1">2016-12-08</b><b class="b2">9356</b></li>
224 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-96.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161113/adbdd1dd3924922398f2f6efc31ffee7.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-96.html" target="_blank"><span>ҡƵ</span></a><b class="b1">2016-11-13</b><b class="b2">6575</b></li>
225 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-95.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161103/c7b58bfaf538f2ede89a4f60b1ecc29b.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-95.html" target="_blank"><span>ֱ˿</span></a><b class="b1">2016-11-03</b><b class="b2">10782</b></li>
226 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-94.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161102/68e926a6a685b1ee0a012e89d626397a.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-94.html" target="_blank"><span></span></a><b class="b1">2016-11-02</b><b class="b2">5220</b></li>
227 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-93.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161102/4bb76725c4d4ac5077b9a1c594c5cbb2.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-93.html" target="_blank"><span>΢Ƶ</span></a><b class="b1">2016-11-02</b><b class="b2">14255</b></li>
228 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-92.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161027/f070412c9571ee1e5cbde31a816f3bad.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-92.html" target="_blank"><span>˿span></a><b class="b1">2016-10-27</b><b class="b2">7523</b></li>
229 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-91.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161027/185dc525e53fcd53cc30dd9e94f41114.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-91.html" target="_blank"><span></span></a><b class="b1">2016-10-27</b><b class="b2">8720</b></li>
230 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-90.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161016/e846aa103fe104b54b4e8a9ede378b9d.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-90.html" target="_blank"><span>ԡspan></a><b class="b1">2016-10-16</b><b class="b2">8271</b></li>
231 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-89.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20161016/64a7e1893ccbc07a302a176480df3e79.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-89.html" target="_blank"><span>ɬ ͬһŮ</span></a><b class="b1">2016-10-16</b><b class="b2">8097</b></li>
232 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-88.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20160619/5c3ede0e1d50f38adbfe8c34afd46771.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-3-88.html" target="_blank"><span></span></a><b class="b1">2016-06-19</b><b class="b2">14526</b></li>
233 </ul>
234 </div>
235 <div class="all_lanmu ">
236 <div class="title1000"><div class="title mytitle myw_battoo"><a href="/news/" target="_blank">У̬</a></div><div class="more"><a href="/news/" target="_blank">MORE+</a></div></div>
237 <ul class="oneline" style="height: 230px;"><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-25.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/bac1f0d8253b4e157fbf40b8a3edab56.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-25.html" target="_blank"><span>У/span></a><b class="b1">2015-07-16</b><b class="b2">2147</b></li>
238 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-50.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/a0bbfc787c3179a029155871063cee0f.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-50.html" target="_blank"><span>span></a><b class="b1">2015-08-15</b><b class="b2">3856</b></li>
239 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-33.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20150807/1438960820583080.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-33.html" target="_blank"><span>̨ ̨</span></a><b class="b1">2015-08-07</b><b class="b2">2874</b></li>
240 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-51.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/9520c71801cd4896ff3c7346b542b84d.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-51.html" target="_blank"><span>У</span></a><b class="b1">2015-08-15</b><b class="b2">2430</b></li>
241 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-71.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20150830/576cf065a7d34716f0a8c3b27c546098.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-71.html" target="_blank"><span>רԺУspan></a><b class="b1">2015-08-30</b><b class="b2">3263</b></li>
242 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-105.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151017/1445074354107162.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-105.html" target="_blank"><span>ѧԺУ˭</span></a><b class="b1">2015-10-17</b><b class="b2">1639</b></li>
243 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-54.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20150817/1439782814996443.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-54.html" target="_blank"><span>΢Ƭ</span></a><b class="b1">2015-08-17</b><b class="b2">2582</b></li>
244 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-39.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20150812/1439349313115531.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-39.html" target="_blank"><span>¶ǰspan></a><b class="b1">2015-08-12</b><b class="b2">1251</b></li>
245 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-69.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/20150828/533b346740f18ad15551a3983f3ec333.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-69.html" target="_blank"><span>УУԪspan></a><b class="b1">2015-08-28</b><b class="b2">1465</b></li>
246 <li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-145.html" target="_blank" class="vpic"><img src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif" lazysrc="/d/file/news/20151026/1445832517110699.jpg"/></a><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/p-5-145.html" target="_blank"><span>pan></a><b class="b1">2015-10-26</b><b class="b2">2540</b></li>
247 </ul>
248 </div>
249 <div class="friendlinks"><div class="linkbt"><h2></h2></div><p> <a href="http://www.dxsabc.com/" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.7kk.com/" target="_blank">ͼƬ</a>
250 <a href="http://hufu.onlylady.com/" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.cooltuku.com" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.4j4j.cn" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.omtxw.com" target="_blank">ŷ</a><a href="http://www.17sucai.com" target="_blank">a> <a href="http://www.iqingren.com" target="_blank">a> <a href="http://www.zhw123.cc">ŮͼƬ</a> <a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/" target="_blank">Уa><a href="http://jiaoyu.baidu.com/beauty/index/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ѧa> <a href="http://www.sumiaozhijia.com/" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.zeihaoxiao.com/" target="_blank">Ц</a> <a href="http://www.showself.com" target="_blank"></a> <a href="http://www.xiannvw.com" target="_blank"></a>
251 </p>
252 </div>
253 </div>
254 <div class="indexfooter">
255 <div class="foot"><div class="f_about"><ul><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/about.html" target="_blank"></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/about.html#content2" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="foot4"></li><li><a href="/about.html#content3" target="_blank"></a></li><li><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/about.html#content4" target="_blank"></a></li></ul></div>
256 <p><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/">У</a> href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/">ȫѧУƬ</a>ɢͬУͼƬ href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/">УƬ</a>ԭУƬr/><a href="http://www.xiaohuar.com/html/sitemap.htm">Уa> &#169; 2009-2015 All Rights Reserved www.xiaohuar.com   class="__cf_email__" href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" data-cfemail="c0f2f1f1f2f4f9f2f3f680b1b1eea3afad">[email&#160;protected]</a><script data-cfhash='f9e31' type="text/javascript">/* <![CDATA[ */!function(t,e,r,n,c,a,p){try{t=document.currentScript||function(){for(t=document.getElementsByTagName('script'),e=t.length;e--;)if(t[e].getAttribute('data-cfhash'))return t[e]}();if(t&&(c=t.previousSibling)){p=t.parentNode;if(a=c.getAttribute('data-cfemail')){for(e='',r='0x'+a.substr(0,2)|0,n=2;a.length-n;n+=2)e+='%'+('0'+('0x'+a.substr(n,2)^r).toString(16)).slice(-2);p.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(decodeURIComponent(e)),c)}p.removeChild(t)}}catch(u){}}()/* ]]> */</script> P006982 <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="http://js.users.51.la/17172513.js"></script></p>
257 </div>
258 </div>
259 <div id="back-to-top" class="back-to-top"><a target="_self" href="javascript:void(0);" id="back-to-top-btn">&nbsp;</a></div>
260 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/js/IE6Top.js"></script>
261 <div id="cbbfixed" style="bottom: 366px;_bottom: 0px;">
262 <div class="dingyue">
263 <a href="javascript:;"></a>
264 <div class="qqdingyue">
265  
266 <script>var nId = "b8f6592311f7b82244e30894c7c84632de2c2675bb9329e6",nWidth="auto",sColor="light",sText=";</script>
267 <script src="http://list.qq.com/zh_CN/htmledition/js/qf/page/qfcode.js" charset="gb18030"></script>
268 </div>
269 </div>
270 <a id="cweixin" href="#"><span></span><div></div></a>
271 <div class="jianyi"><a href="http://mail.qq.com/cgi-bin/qm_share?t=qm_mailme&email=aFpZWVpcUVpbXigZGUYLBwU" target="_blank"></a></div></div>
272 <script>
273 var _hmt = _hmt || [];
274 (function() {
275   var hm = document.createElement("script");
276   hm.src = "//hm.baidu.com/hm.js?0dfa94cc970f5368ddbe743609970944";
277   var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; 
278   s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
279 })();
280 </script><script type="text/javascript">
281     /**/
282     var cpro_id = "u1960876";
283 </script>
284 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cpro.baidustatic.com/cpro/ui/f.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">
285     /*pic*/
286     var cpro_id = "u1968034";
287 </script>
288 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cpro.baidustatic.com/cpro/ui/i.js"></script>
289 </body>
290 </html>[root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
以上代码执行结果在这里

 

2.“net/url”模块用法展示;

  “net/url”模块中我们会用到一个解析方法,它可以解析url使用的协议,主机名,当前路径,请求信息,用户信息,当前锚点等等。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "os"
12     "net/url"
13     "log"
14     "fmt"
15 )
16 
17 func main() {
18     s := os.Args[1]
19     u,err := url.Parse(s)
20     if err != nil {
21         log.Fatal(err)
22     }
23     fmt.Println("使用的协议是:",u.Scheme)
24     fmt.Println("主机名称是:",u.Host)
25     fmt.Println("当前路径是:",u.Path)
26     fmt.Println("请求信息是:",u.RawQuery)
27     fmt.Println("用户信息是:",u.User)
28     fmt.Println("当前的锚点是:",u.Fragment)
29 }
 1 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# more url.go 
 2 /*
 3 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 4 @author :yinzhengjie
 5 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 6 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 7 */
 8 
 9 package main
10 
11 import (
12         "os"
13         "net/url"
14         "log"
15         "fmt"
16 )
17 
18 func main() {
19         s := os.Args[1]
20         u,err := url.Parse(s)
21         if err != nil {
22                 log.Fatal(err)
23         }
24         fmt.Println("使用的协议是:",u.Scheme)
25         fmt.Println("主机名称是:",u.Host)
26         fmt.Println("当前路径是:",u.Path)
27         fmt.Println("请求信息是:",u.RawQuery)
28         fmt.Println("用户信息是:",u.User)
29         fmt.Println("当前的锚点是:",u.Fragment)
30 }
31 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
32 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
33 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# go run url.go http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/p/7202796.html
34 使用的协议是: http
35 主机名称是: www.cnblogs.com
36 当前路径是: /yinzhengjie/p/7202796.html
37 请求信息是: 
38 用户信息是: <nil>
39 当前的锚点是: 
40 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
以上代码用法展示戳这里

 

3.goquery模块用法展示;

  做过 Web 开发的,应该都用过或听过 jQuery,它提供了方便的操作 DOM 的 API。使用 Go 语言做服务器端开发,有时候需要解析 HTML 文件,比如抓取网站内容、写一个爬虫等。这时候如果有一个类似 jQuery 的库可以使用,操作 DOM 会很方便,而且,上手也会很快。github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery 这个库就实现了类似 jQuery 的功能,让你能方便的使用 Go 语言操作 HTML 文档。

  首先,要强调一点,要执行以下代码需要安装一个goquery模块,该模块用来爬去网站的内容的简直就是一个神器啊。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "net/http"
12     "log"
13     "github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery"
14     "fmt"
15 )
16 
17 
18 /*
19     用goquery可以快速获取url的标签。
20 */
21 
22 func main() {
23     url := "http://www.xiaohuar.com"  //定义一个URl,也就是我们要爬的网站。
24     resp,err := http.Get(url)  ////获取url的内容,包括请求头信息都在里面放着的。
25 
26     if err != nil {
27         log.Fatal(err)
28     }
29     defer resp.Body.Close()  //千万要关闭链接,不然会造成资源泄露。
30     if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{ //如果返回状态出现错误,就抛出错误并终止程序。
31         log.Fatal(resp.Status)
32     }
33     //io.Copy(os.Stdout,resp.Body) //将结果输出到屏幕上,并不会占用内存。
34     doc,err := goquery.NewDocumentFromResponse(resp)  //对resp进行过滤,最终会拿到首页路径url
35     if err != nil {
36         log.Fatal(err)
37     }
38     doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s  *goquery.Selection) { /*表示找到"img"的标签然后用Each方法遍历每一个图片路径。*/
39         link,ok := s.Attr("src") //找到“img”标签后会将其的“src”的路径找到,最终也就找到了图片的路径。
40         if ok {
41             fmt.Println(link)  //如果存在“src”路径就打印
42         }else {
43             fmt.Println("抱歉,没有发现该路径。")
44         }
45     })
46 }
  1 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# more goquery.go 
  2 /*
  3 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
  4 @author :yinzhengjie
  5 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
  6 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
  7 */
  8 
  9 package main
 10 
 11 import (
 12         "net/http"
 13         "log"
 14         "github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery"
 15         "fmt"
 16 )
 17 
 18 
 19 /*
 20         用goquery可以快速获取url的标签。
 21 */
 22 
 23 func main() {
 24         url := "http://www.xiaohuar.com"  //定义一个URl,也就是我们要爬的网站。
 25         resp,err := http.Get(url)  ////获取url的内容,包括请求头信息都在里面放着的。
 26 
 27         if err != nil {
 28                 log.Fatal(err)
 29         }
 30         defer resp.Body.Close()  //千万要关闭链接,不然会造成资源泄露。
 31         if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{ //如果返回状态出现错误,就抛出错误并终止程序。
 32                 log.Fatal(resp.Status)
 33         }
 34         //io.Copy(os.Stdout,resp.Body) //将结果输出到屏幕上,并不会占用内存。
 35         doc,err := goquery.NewDocumentFromResponse(resp)  //对resp进行过滤,最终会拿到首页路径url
 36         if err != nil {
 37                 log.Fatal(err)
 38         }
 39         doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s  *goquery.Selection) { /*表示找到"img"的标签然后用Each方法遍历每一个图片路径。*/
 40                 link,ok := s.Attr("src") //找到“img”标签后会将其的“src”的路径找到,最终也就找到了图片的路径。
 41                 if ok {
 42                         fmt.Println(link)  //如果存在“src”路径就打印
 43                 }else {
 44                         fmt.Println("抱歉,没有发现该路径。")
 45                 }
 46         })
 47 }
 48 
 49 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
 50 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
 51 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# go run goquery.go 
 52 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 53 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 54 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 55 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 56 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 57 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 58 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 59 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 60 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 61 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 62 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 63 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 64 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 65 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 66 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 67 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 68 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 69 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 70 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 71 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 72 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 73 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 74 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 75 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 76 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 77 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 78 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 79 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 80 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 81 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 82 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 83 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 84 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 85 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 86 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 87 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 88 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 89 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 90 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 91 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 92 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 93 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 94 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 95 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 96 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 97 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 98 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
 99 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
100 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
101 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
102 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
103 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
104 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
105 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
106 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
107 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
108 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
109 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
110 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
111 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
112 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
113 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
114 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
115 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
116 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
117 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
118 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
119 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
120 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
121 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
122 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
123 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
124 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
125 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
126 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
127 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
128 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
129 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
130 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
131 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
132 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
133 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
134 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
135 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
136 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
137 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
138 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
139 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
140 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
141 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
142 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
143 http://www.xiaohuar.com/skin/meizi/images/grey.gif
144 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
以上代码执行方式结果戳这里哟

   如果你想要的代码扩展性更高,可以将main函数的代码定义成一个函数,这样在主函数调用该函数就好了,代码如下:

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "net/http"
12     "log"
13     "github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery"
14     "fmt"
15     "errors"
16 )
17 
18 func fetch(url string) ([]string,error) {
19     var urls []string //定义一个空切片数组
20     resp,err := http.Get(url)
21     if err != nil {
22         log.Fatal(err)
23     }
24     defer resp.Body.Close()
25     if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{
26         return nil,errors.New(resp.Status) //表示当出现错误是,返回空列表,并将错误状态返回。
27     }
28     doc,err := goquery.NewDocumentFromResponse(resp)
29     if err != nil {
30         log.Fatal(err)
31     }
32     doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s  *goquery.Selection) {
33         link,ok := s.Attr("src")
34         if ok {
35             urls = append(urls,link)  //将过滤出来的图片路径都追加到urls的数组中去,最终返回给用户。
36         }else {
37             fmt.Println("抱歉,没有发现该路径。")
38         }
39 
40     })
41     return urls,nil
42 }
43 
44 func main() {
45     url := "http://m.xiaohuar.com"  //定义一个URl,也就是我们要爬的网站。注意这里不要用www,而要用m,因为m是用手机端方式访问。而www是电脑方式访问。
46     urls,err := fetch(url)
47     if err != nil {
48         log.Fatal(err)
49     }
50     for _,u := range urls {
51         fmt.Println(u)
52     }
53 
54 }
 1 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# more goquery.go 
 2 /*
 3 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 4 @author :yinzhengjie
 5 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 6 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 7 */
 8 
 9 package main
10 
11 import (
12         "net/http"
13         "log"
14         "github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery"
15         "fmt"
16         "errors"
17 )
18 
19 func fetch(url string) ([]string,error) {
20         var urls []string //定义一个空切片数组
21         resp,err := http.Get(url)
22         if err != nil {
23                 log.Fatal(err)
24         }
25         defer resp.Body.Close()
26         if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK{
27                 return nil,errors.New(resp.Status) //表示当出现错误是,返回空列表,并将错误状态返回。
28         }
29         doc,err := goquery.NewDocumentFromResponse(resp)
30         if err != nil {
31                 log.Fatal(err)
32         }
33         doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s  *goquery.Selection) {
34                 link,ok := s.Attr("src")
35                 if ok {
36                         urls = append(urls,link)  //将过滤出来的图片路径都追加到urls的数组中去,最终返回给用户。
37                 }else {
38                         fmt.Println("抱歉,没有发现该路径。")
39                 }
40 
41         })
42         return urls,nil
43 }
44 
45 func main() {
46         url := "http://m.xiaohuar.com"  //定义一个URl,也就是我们要爬的网站。注意这里不要用www,而要用m,因为m是用手机端方式访问。而w
47 ww是电脑方式访问。
48         urls,err := fetch(url)
49         if err != nil {
50                 log.Fatal(err)
51         }
52         for _,u := range urls {
53                 fmt.Println(u)
54         }
55 
56 }
57 
58 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
59 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
60 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# go run goquery.go 
61 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170715/61110ba027f004fb503ff09cdee44d0c.jpg
62 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170707/f7ca636f73937e33836e765b7261f036.jpg
63 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170701/fb18711a6af87f30942d6a19f6da6b3e.jpg
64 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170628/f3d06ef49965aedbe18286a2f221fd9f.jpg
65 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170626/0ab1d89f54c90df477a90aa533ceea36.jpg
66 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170619/e0456729d4dcbea569a1acbc6a47ab69.jpg
67 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170612/1f6620771e2815d21f37d481fa8311e6.png
68 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170604/ec3794d0d42b538bf4461a84dac32509.jpg
69 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170603/e55f77fb3aa3c7f118a46eeef5c0fbbf.jpg
70 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170603/c34b29f68e8f96d44c63fe29bf4a66b8.jpg
71 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170529/e5902d4d3e40829f9a0d30f7488eab84.jpg
72 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170529/8140c4ad797ca01f5e99d09c82dd8a42.jpg
73 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170528/b352258c83776b9a2462277dec375d0c.jpg
74 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170527/4a7a7f1e6b69f126292b981c90110d0a.jpg
75 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170520/dd21a21751e24a8f161792b66011688c.jpg
76 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170516/6e295fe48c33245be858c40d37fb5ee6.jpg
77 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170513/6121e3e90ff3ba4c9398121bda1dd582.jpg
78 http://www.xiaohuar.com/d/file/20170512/45fc9ed5d92c66f369b66841c58bd183.jpg
79 [root@yinzhengjie tmp]# 
以上代码执行结果戳这里哟

 

扩展:

  我们在访问一个标签中的源数据,可能获取的路径不是完整路径,那么如何将获取的路径补充其应该对应的绝对路径呢?我们可以简单来实现一下,后期我们可以对其做一个优化。

 1 /*
 2 #!/usr/bin/env gorun
 3 @author :yinzhengjie
 4 Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/tag/GO%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E9%98%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/
 5 EMAIL:y1053419035@qq.com
 6 */
 7 
 8 package main
 9 
10 import (
11     "errors"
12     "fmt"
13     "github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery"
14     "log"
15     "net/http"
16     "net/url"
17     "os"
18     "strings"
19 )
20 
21 func fetch(url string) ([]string, error) { //改函数会拿到我们想要的图片的路径。
22     var urls []string //定义一个空切片数组
23     resp, err := http.Get(url)
24     if err != nil {
25         log.Fatal(err)
26     }
27     defer resp.Body.Close()
28     if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
29         return nil, errors.New(resp.Status) //表示当出现错误是,返回空列表,并将错误状态返回。
30     }
31     doc, err := goquery.NewDocumentFromResponse(resp)
32     if err != nil {
33         log.Fatal(err)
34     }
35     doc.Find("img").Each(func(i int, s *goquery.Selection) {
36         link, ok := s.Attr("src")
37         if ok {
38             urls = append(urls, link) //将过滤出来的图片路径都追加到urls的数组中去,最终返回给用户。
39         } else {
40             fmt.Println("抱歉,没有发现该路径。")
41         }
42 
43     })
44     return urls, nil
45 }
46 
47 func Clean_urls(root_path string, picture_path []string) []string {
48     var Absolute_path []string //定义一个绝对路径数组。
49     url_info, err := url.Parse(root_path)
50     if err != nil {
51         log.Fatal(err)
52     }
53     Scheme := url_info.Scheme //获取到链接的协议
54     //fmt.Println("使用的协议是:",Scheme)
55     Host := url_info.Host //获取链接的主机名
56     //fmt.Println("主机名称是:",Host)
57     Path := url_info.Path                         //获取到链接的相对路径
58     Path_Directory := strings.Split(Path, "/")[1] //获取到存放文件的目录的路径“Path_Directory”。
59     //fmt.Println("存放文件的目录是:",Path_Directory)
60     for _, souce_path := range picture_path {
61         if strings.HasPrefix(souce_path, "https") { //如果当前当前路径是以“https”开头说明是绝对路径,因此我们给一行空代码,表示不执行任何操作,千万别写:“continue”,空着就好。
62 
63         } else if strings.HasPrefix(souce_path, "//") { //判断当前路径是否以“//”开头(说明包含主机名)
64             souce_path = Scheme + ":" + souce_path //如果是就对其进行拼接操作。以下逻辑相同。
65         } else if strings.HasPrefix(souce_path, "/") { //说明不包含主机名和协议,我们进行拼接即可。
66             souce_path = Scheme + "://" + Host + souce_path
67         } else {
68             souce_path = Scheme + "://" + Host + "/" + Path_Directory + "/" + souce_path
69         }
70         Absolute_path = append(Absolute_path, souce_path) //不管是否满足上面的条件,最终都会被追加到该数组中来。
71     }
72     return Absolute_path //最终返回处理后的每个链接的绝对路基。
73 }
74 
75 func main() {
76     root_path := os.Args[1]               //定义一个URl,也就是我们要爬的网站。
77     picture_path, err := fetch(root_path) //“fetch”函数会帮我们拿到picture_path的路径,但是路径可能是相对路径或是绝对路径。不同意。
78     if err != nil {
79         log.Fatal(err)
80     }
81 
82     Absolute_path := Clean_urls(root_path, picture_path) //“Clean_urls”函数会帮我们把picture_path的路径做一个统一,最终都拿到了绝对路径Absolute_path数组。
83 
84     for _, Picture_absolute_path := range Absolute_path {
85         fmt.Println(Picture_absolute_path) //最终我们会得到一个图片的完整路径,我们可以对这个路径进行下载,压缩,加密等等操作。
86     }
87 }

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

posted @ 2017-07-18 18:19  尹正杰  阅读(3149)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报