深入解析：【超详细】一文串起16种时态，妈妈再也不用担心我学不会英语了！

时态，顾名思义，是时间和状态的结合。

时间有多少种？

图片来自英语兔视频英语语法: 16种时态终极详解

状态有多少种？

把时间和状态组合，4×4得到16种时态……

接下来，扒谱机就用一个缝缝补补可是依旧梦幻的童话故事带你串起16种时态~

一、现在时间（Present）

1. 一般现在时（Simple Present）

一般现在时重要用于描述客观事实、普遍真理、习惯性或重复性的动作，也可用于表示按计划或规律预计将要发生的事情。

• 组成结构：动词原形（第三人称单数加 - s/-es）；be 动词用 am/is/are。

• 时间提示词：often, always, usually, every day/week 等。

• 例句：

①（表达事实或真理）Liraisa mermaid with silver scales that glow like moonlight. Shelivesin a cave woven from seaweed and coral, where tides never reach and glow-wormslightthe walls.

②（表达习惯重复动作）Each dawn, sheswimsto the “Whispering Trench” to listen for her mother’s voice. Old sailorssaythe trench carries echoes of lost souls, but Lirahearsonly the rush of currents—still, shereturnsdaily, clutching a half-melted pearl her mother left behind.

③（表达预计要发生的事）The “Tide of Memories”comesonce a year, three days after the full moon. Itwashesashore objects touched by those who’ve vanished, and Lirawaitsfor it, her pearl tucked in a shell box, hoping this time it will bring a sign.

• 汉语翻译：

① 莉拉是一条美人鱼，银色的鳞片像月光般闪烁。她住在由海草和珊瑚编织的洞穴里，那里潮水从不侵袭，壁上的萤火虫散发着微光。

② 每天黎明，她都会游到 “低语海沟”，期盼能听到妈妈的声音。老水手说海沟里回荡着亡魂的低语，可莉拉只听到洋流的呼啸 —— 即便如此，她还是每天都去，手里紧攥着妈妈留下的半颗已有些融化的珍珠。

③ “记忆潮汐” 每年一次，在满月后第三天到来。它会把失踪者触碰过的东西冲上岸，莉拉等待着这一天，把珍珠藏在贝壳盒里，盼着这次能迎来一点线索。

2. 现在进行时（Present Continuous）

现在进行时主要用于表示此刻正在进行的动作，或现阶段正在发生但不一定此刻正在进行的动作，也可用来表示按计划即将发生的动作。

• 组成结构：am/is/are + 动词现在分词（v-ing）。

• 时间提示词：now, at the moment, this week, currently 等。

• 例句：

①（表示此刻正在进行的动作）Lirais spreadingher mother’s old shawl across a flat rock now. The fabric, woven from starfish threads, is frayed at the edges, but sheis tracingthe patterns—waves and seagulls—hoping they’ll spell a message.

②（表示现阶段正在进行的动作）This week, sheis carvingsymbols into the cave wall. Each mark represents a day since her mother disappeared, and by now, the stoneis crisscrossedwith 730 lines—two full years of waiting.

③（表示按计划即将发生的动作）A school of silver fishis gatheringat the cave entrance. Theyare nudginga glass bottle toward her, which Lira knows contains a note from the sea queen—every year before the Tide of Memories, the queen sends warnings about dangerous riptides.

• 汉语翻译：

用海星线织的，边缘已经磨损，可她仍在描摹上面的图案 —— 海浪与海鸥 —— 盼着能从中读出什么信息。就是① 莉拉此刻正把妈妈的旧披肩铺在平整的岩石上。披肩

② 这周，她在洞穴壁上刻着符号。每个标记都代表妈妈失踪后的一天，如今石头上已刻满 730 道线 —— 整整两年的等待。

③ 一群银鱼正聚集在洞口。它们把一个玻璃瓶推向她，莉拉知道里面是海后的信 —— 每年记忆潮汐来临前，海后都会发来关于危险激流的警告。

3. 现在完成时（Present Perfect）

现在完成时关键用于表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可表示从过去开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

• 组成结构：have/has + 动词过去分词（v-ed）。

• 时间提示词：already, yet, ever, never, for + 时间段，since + 时间点等。

• 例句：

①（表示过去动作对现在的影响）Shehas collected12 objects from past Tides of Memories. A rusted key, a child’s doll, a torn map—none bear her mother’s scent, but shehas arrangedthem on a shelf, just in case one day they’ll glow, as the old tales promise.

②（表示从过去持续到现在的动作）Lirahas keptthe pearl under her pillow every night for two years. Ithas fadedfrom creamy white to a dull gray, but she still presses it to her cheek before sleeping, as if her mother’s warmth lingers there.

③（与时间提示词搭配）The sea queen’s messagehasn’t arrivedyet. Lirahas checkedthe bottle three times this morning, her fingers brushing the glass—she needs the warning to plan her search, for this year, she’s determined to swim into the tide herself.

• 汉语翻译：

① 她已经从过去的记忆潮汐中收集了 12 件东西。一把生锈的钥匙、一个儿童玩偶、一张撕碎的地图 —— 都没有妈妈的气息，可她还是把它们摆在架子上，万一某天它们像古老传说里说的那样发光呢。

② 两年来，莉拉每晚都把珍珠放在枕头下。它已从奶白色褪成暗灰色，可她睡前还是会把它贴在脸颊上，仿佛妈妈的温度还留在上面。

③ 海后的信还没到。莉拉今早已经查看了三次瓶子，手指摩挲着玻璃 —— 她需要这份警告来规划搜寻，因为今年，她决心要亲自游进潮汐里。

4. 现在完成进行时（Present Perfect Continuous）

现在达成进行时主要用于表示从过去开始，一直持续到现在，且仍在进行的动作，着重强调动作的持续性和未搞定性。

• 组成结构：have/has + been + 动词现在分词（v-ing）。

• 时间提示词：for + 时间段，since + 时间点，all morning/week 等。

• 例句：

①（强调从过去持续到现在且仍在进行）Lirahas been mendingher mother’s shawl with sea silk for hours. The fabric is fragile, and her fingershave been trembling—she’s trying to fix the tear where a single pearl once hung, hoping to make it whole again, as if that might call her mother back.

②（与时间提示词搭配体现持续性）Shehas been watchingthe horizon all afternoon. Cloudshave been gathering, and the waveshave been growingchoppy—signs the Tide of Memories is near. Every few minutes, she stands, adjusting the pearl in her hair, ready to race toward the shore at the first sign of foam.

③（体现动作未做完性）The silver fishhave been circlingthe cave for days. Theyhave been nudgingher toward the east, where the trench meets the open sea, and Lira suspects they know something she doesn’t—so she follows, her shawl draped over her shoulders, still mending the tear as she swims.

• 汉语翻译：

① 莉拉用海丝修补妈妈的披肩已经好几个小时了。布料很脆弱，她的手指一直在颤抖 —— 她想补好那个曾挂着一颗珍珠的破洞，盼着把披肩补完整，或许就能把妈妈唤回来。

记忆潮汐将至的征兆。每隔几分钟，她就站起来，理理头发上的珍珠，随时准备在第一缕浪花出现时冲向岸边。就是② 整个下午，她都在望着地平线。乌云密布，海浪渐急 —— 都

③ 银鱼已经在洞穴周围盘旋好几天了。它们一直把她往东边推，推向海沟与公海交汇的地方，莉拉觉得它们一定知道些什么 —— 于是她跟着游去，披肩搭在肩上，一边游一边还在补那个破洞。

二、过去时间（Past）

1. 一般过去时（Simple Past）

一般过去时主要用于描述过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态，这些动作或状态已在过去结束，不强调对现在的影响。

• 组成结构：动词过去式（v-ed，不规则动词特殊变化）；be 动词用 was/were。

• 时间提示词：yesterday, last week, ago, in 2020 等。

• 例句：

① The silver fishledLira to a narrow cave entrance hidden behind seaweed. Shepushedthe fronds aside andgasped—carvings of mermaids and a shadowy figure covered the walls.

② A stone tabletlayin the center of the cave. Its surfaceborethe same swirling symbols she’d seen on her mother’s shawl, and Liratracedthem with a shaky finger.

③ The tiderosesuddenly, blocking the entrance. Lirapoundedon the cave wall, but the waterwastoo strong—she had to wait for it to fall.

• 汉语翻译：

① 银鱼把莉拉引到一个藏在海草后的狭窄洞口。她拨开海草，不禁倒吸一口气 —— 墙上满是美人鱼和一个黑影的雕刻。

② 洞穴中央放着一块石碑。碑面上刻着和她在妈妈披肩上看到的一样的漩涡符号，莉拉用颤抖的手指描摹着。

③ 潮水突然上涨，堵住了入口。莉拉捶打着洞壁，但水流太急 —— 她只能等潮水退去。

2. 过去进行时（Past Continuous）

过去进行时主要用于表示过去某一时刻或时间段内正在进行的动作，常用来描绘背景或与其他过去动作搭配。

• 组成结构：was/were + 动词现在分词（v-ing）。

• 时间提示词：at 3 PM yesterday, while, when 等。

• 例句：

① While Lirawas studyingthe carvings, a low humfilledthe cave. Itsoundedlike her mother’s voice, but she couldn’t tell where it came from.

② The silver fishwere dartingaround the tablet when the symbolsstartedto glow. Their lightflickeredin time with the hum, as if keeping a secret rhythm.

③ At sunset that day, Lirawas copyingthe symbols onto a piece of seaweed. Her handswere shaking—she knew she was close to a truth her mother had hidden.

• 汉语翻译：

① 莉拉研究那些雕刻时，一阵低沉的哼唱充满了洞穴。听起来像妈妈的声音，可她找不到声音的来源。

② 银鱼在石碑周围穿梭时，那些符号突然亮了起来。光芒随着哼唱闪烁，仿佛在遵循某种秘密的节奏。

③ 那天日落时，莉拉正把符号抄在一片海草上。她的手在发抖 —— 她知道，自己离妈妈隐藏的真相不远了。

3. 过去完成时（Past Perfect）

过去结束时首要用于表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，即 “过去的过去”，强调对过去某时刻的影响。

• 组成结构：had + 动词过去分词（v-ed）。

• 时间提示词：by, before, when, until 等。

• 例句：

① By the time Lira entered the cave, the silver fishhad cleareda path to the tablet. Theyhad also brushedaway sand from a small box tucked beneath it.

② She had never seenthe box before, but ithad beencarved with the same pearl pattern as her mother’s shawl. When she opened it, a folded notefell out.

③ The notehad been writtenin glowing ink. It said, “The shadow comes for the pearl—hide it where the tides never reach,” and Liraknewher motherhad leftit for her.

• 汉语翻译：

① 莉拉进入洞穴时，银鱼已经清出了一条通往石碑的路。它们还拂去了石碑下一个小盒子上的沙子。

② 她从没见过这个盒子，可盒身上刻着和妈妈披肩一样的珍珠图案。打开盒子，一张折叠的纸条掉了出来。

妈妈留给她的。就是③ 纸条是用发光墨水写的。上面写着：“黑影为珍珠而来 —— 把它藏在潮水达不到的地方”，莉拉知道，这

4. 过去完成进行时（Past Perfect Continuous）

过去完成进行时主要用于表示从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到过去另一时间且可能仍在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性。

• 组成结构：had + been + 动词现在分词（v-ing）。

• 时间提示词：for + 时间段，since + 时间点，before 等。

• 例句：

① The silver fishhad been guardingthe cave for years before Lira found it. Theyhad been waitingfor someone with the pearl—someone who could read the symbols.

② Lirahad been holdingthe note for only a minute when the humgrewlouder. Ithad been echoingin the cave long before she arrived, as if calling her name.

③ The shadow in the carvingshad been watchingfrom the wall for centuries. Ithad been reachingfor a pearl in its claws, and Lira suddenly understood—this was what had taken her mother.

• 汉语翻译：

① 在莉拉发现这个洞穴前，银鱼已经守护了这里好多年。它们一直在等一个带着珍珠的人 —— 一个能读懂这些符号的人。

② 莉拉握着纸条才一分钟，那哼唱声就变大了。在她来之前，这声音已经在洞穴里回荡了很久，仿佛在呼唤她的名字。

③ 雕刻里的黑影在墙上注视了几个世纪。它的爪子一直伸向一颗珍珠，莉拉突然明白了 —— 就是它带走了妈妈。

三、将来时间（Future）

1. 一般将来时（Simple Future）

一般将来时主要用于表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态，常体现计划、预测或自然规律。

• 组成结构：will + 动词原形；be going to + 动词原形。

• 时间提示词：tomorrow, next week, soon, in 3 days 等。

• 例句：

① The “Tide of Memories”will peaktomorrow night, carrying the shadow closer to Lira’s cave. Sheis going to usethe hum from the cave to mask the pearl’s glow—her mother’s note said sound could confuse the shadow.

② The silver fishwill forma barrier at the cave entrance. Theyknowthe shadow fears their light, and theywill blockits path until Lira is ready.

③ By the time the tide turns, Lirawill burythe pearl under a slab of moonstone. The stone, cold and unyielding,will sealthe pearl’s magic, making it invisible to the shadow’s eyes.

• 汉语翻译：

① “记忆潮汐” 明晚会达到顶峰，把黑影带得离莉拉的洞穴更近。她打算用洞穴里的哼唱掩盖珍珠的光芒 —— 妈妈的纸条上说，声音能迷惑黑影。

② 银鱼会在洞口排成一道屏障。它们知道黑影害怕它们的光，会一直挡住黑影的路，直到莉拉准备好为止。

③ 潮水转向时，莉拉会把珍珠埋在一块月光石下。这石头又冷又坚硬，会封住珍珠的魔力，让黑影看不见它。

2. 将来进行时（Future Continuous）

将来进行时主导用于表示将来某一时刻或时间段内正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性。

• 组成结构：will be + 动词现在分词（v-ing）。

• 时间提示词：this time tomorrow, at 8 PM next Monday, while 等。

• 例句：

① At midnight tomorrow, when the tide is highest, Lirawill be hummingthe cave’s tune. Her voicewill be echoingthrough the water, weaving a shield around the moonstone slab.

② The shadowwill be hoveringnear the coral thicket. Itwill be stretchingits claws toward the cave, but the silver fish’s lightwill be burningtoo bright for it to pass.

③ While the pearl rests safely under the stone, Lirawill be watchingthe horizon. Shewill be waitingfor a sign—maybe a flash of silver scales, or a voice calling her name, just like her mother’s.

• 汉语翻译：

① 明天午夜潮水最高时，莉拉会哼着洞穴里的调子。她的声音会在水中回荡，在月光石板周围织成一道屏障。

② 黑影会在珊瑚丛附近盘旋。它会伸出爪子朝洞穴抓去，但银鱼的光芒太亮，它根本过不去。

③ 珍珠安全地躺在石头下时，莉拉会望着地平线。她会等待一个信号 —— 或许是一闪而过的银色鳞片，或许是一声像妈妈那样的呼唤。

3. 将来完成时（Future Perfect）

将来完成时关键用于表示在将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，强调动作的完成性。

• 组成结构：will have + 动词过去分词（v-ed）。

• 时间提示词：by + 将来时间点，before, when 等。

• 例句：

① By dawn, Lirawill have strengthenedthe shield with three more hums. The shadow, confused and weakened,will have driftedback to the deep sea, where it belongs.

② The silver fishwill have returnedto their trench. Theywill have fulfilledtheir promise to protect her, and Lirawill have lefta pile of starfish powder as a thank-you.

③ When the sun rises, the moonstonewill have absorbedthe pearl’s glow. Even if the shadow comes back, itwill have lostthe trail—no magic can find what’s hidden in stone.

• 汉语翻译：

① 黎明前，莉拉会再哼三遍调子，加固屏障。黑影会又困惑又虚弱，退回它该待的深海里去。

② 银鱼会回到它们的海沟。它们会完成保护她的承诺，而莉拉会留下一堆海星粉末作为感谢。

③ 太阳升起时，月光石会吸走珍珠的光芒。就算黑影回来，也会找不到踪迹 —— 没有魔法能发现藏在石头里的东西。

4. 将来完成进行时（Future Perfect Continuous）

将来搞定进行时关键用于表示从某一时间开始，一直持续到将来某一时间且仍在进行的动作，强调动作的延续性。

• 组成结构：will have been + 动词现在分词（v-ing）。

• 时间提示词：for + 时间段 + by + 将来时间点，since 等。

• 例句：

① By the time the shadow is gone, Lirawill have been guardingthe pearl for 12 hours. Her throatwill have been growingsore from humming, but shewill keepgoing—one last tune to seal the peace.

② The hum from the cavewill have been echoingfor days by then. Itwill have been luringsomething good—maybe her mother, drawn by the sound she once sang to her baby mermaid.

③ For a week after the tide, Lirawill have been visitingthe moonstone daily. Shewill have been brushingaway sand, checking the seal, and whispering, “I’m ready to find you”—to the pearl, and to the mother it might lead her to.

• 汉语翻译：

① 黑影消失时，莉拉已经守护了珍珠 12 个小时。哼唱让她的喉咙越来越痛，但她会继续 —— 最后一段调子，用来封存这份安宁。

② 到那时，洞穴里的哼唱已经回荡好几天了。它会引来好东西 —— 或许是妈妈，被她曾唱给小美人鱼宝宝的调子吸引而来。

③ 潮汐过后的一周里，莉拉会每天去看月光石。她会拂去沙子，检查封印，轻声说 “我准备好去找你了”—— 对珍珠说，也对珍珠可能指引她找到的妈妈说。

四、过去将来时间（Past Future）

1. 一般过去将来时（Simple Past Future）

一般过去将来时主要用于从过去的角度描述将来要发生的动作或存在的状态，常出现在宾语从句中，体现过去对未来的计划、推测或设想。

• 组成结构：would + 动词原形；was/were going to + 动词原形。

• 时间提示词：said, thought, hoped, planned + 从句中表示过去看来的将来等。

• 例句：

① Lirabelievedthe shadowwould hesitateat the cave entrance. Shewas going touse that moment to slip the moonstone into a crack in the coral—though she wondered if the stone’s cold surfacewould hidea warmth only her mother could feel.

② The silver fishinsisted they would blockthe shadow, but Liradoubtedtheir light alonewould beenough. Sheplannedto tuck a strand of her mother’s shawl into their fins, as if the fabric carried a magic she hadn’t yet named.

③ As she adjusted the fake pearl, Liraprayedher motherwouldn’t mistakeit for the real one. “Youwould knowthe difference,” she murmured, though a small voice wondered if the pearl’s glowwould fadeif her mother was truly gone.

• 汉语翻译：

① 莉拉相信黑影会在洞口犹豫。她打算趁那时把月光石塞进珊瑚的裂缝里 —— 尽管她怀疑，石头冰冷的表面下是否藏着只有妈妈能感受到的温度。

② 银鱼坚持说它们会挡住黑影，但莉拉怀疑仅凭它们的光还不够。她计划把妈妈披肩的一缕线塞到它们的鳍里，仿佛那布料承载着一种她尚未知晓的魔力。

妈妈真的不在了，珍珠的光芒会不会就此黯淡。就是③ 调整假珍珠时，莉拉祈祷妈妈不会把它当成真的。“你会分辨出来的，” 她喃喃自语，可心底有个声音在想，要

2. 过去将来进行时（Past Future Continuous）

过去将来进行时用于从过去的角度描述将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，强调动作在过去预期的未来持续发生。

• 组成结构：would be + 动词现在分词（v-ing）；was/were going to be + 动词现在分词（v-ing）。

• 时间提示词：thought + 从句中 “this time tomorrow” 等表示过去看来的将来时间点等。

• 例句：

① At midnight, Liraknew she would be pressingher palm to the moonstone. Its surfacewould be hummingin time with her heartbeat, and shewonderedif the rhythmwould matchsomeone else’s, far beyond the waves.

② The shadowwould be clawingat the coral barrier, shefeared, while the silver fishwere going to be dartingin patterns that looked like writing. Lirahoped she would be able todecode it—maybe it was a message from the sea queen.

③ “By dawn,” shevowed, “I would be standingat the trench’s edge.” Sheimaginedthe water therebeingcalmer, as if waiting to reveal something—perhaps a trail of scales, or a song only mermaids heard.

• 汉语翻译：

① 午夜时，莉拉知道自己会把掌心按在月光石上。石头表面会随着她的心跳嗡嗡作响，她好奇这节奏会不会和海浪之外某个人的心跳重合。

② 她担心黑影会在珊瑚屏障上乱抓，而银鱼会以类似文字的 pattern 穿梭。莉拉希望自己能破译那 pattern—— 或许是海后传来的消息。

③ “到黎明时，” 她发誓，“我会站在海沟边缘。” 她想象着那里的海水会格外平静，仿佛在等着揭示什么 —— 也许是一串鳞片的踪迹，或是一段只有美人鱼能听见的歌。

3. 过去将来完成时（Past Future Perfect）

过去将来完成时表示从过去的角度看，将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，强调在过去预期的未来某一时间点前的完成状态。

• 组成结构：would have + 动词过去分词（v-ed）；was/were going to have + 动词过去分词（v-ed）。

• 时间提示词：hoped + 从句中 “by + 过去看来的将来时间点” 等。

• 例句：

① By the time the tide turned, Lirahoped she would have carvedthe hum’s melody into the moonstone. The markswould have glowedlike her mother’s handwriting, and maybe the stonewould have whispereda name she’d almost forgotten.

② The silver fishwere going to have ledthe shadow to the fake pearl by then. Theywould have circledit until the shadow pounced, but Liraworriedif the decoywould have heldlong enough—sheshould haveadded more starfish powder to its glow.

③ She plannedthat by sunrise, shewould have tracedthe cave carvings a hundred times. Their symbolswould have burnedinto her memory, and sheknewone day theywould haveled her to the truth—if only shedaredto follow.

• 汉语翻译：

① 潮水转向时，莉拉希望自己已经把哼唱的旋律刻在了月光石上。那些刻痕会像妈妈的字迹一样发光，也许石头还会轻声念出一个她快要忘记的名字。

② 到那时，银鱼应该已经把黑影引到假珍珠那里了。它们会围着假珍珠转，直到黑影猛扑过去，但莉拉担心诱饵能撑多久 —— 她该多加点海星粉末让它更亮的。

③ 她计划日出前把洞穴的雕刻描摹一百遍。那些符号会深深印在她的记忆里，她知道总有一天它们会指引她找到真相 —— 只要她敢跟着走。

4. 过去将来完毕进行时（Past Future Perfect Continuous）

过去将来完成进行时用于从过去的角度描述某动作从过去某时开始，持续到将来某时且仍在进行，强调过去预期的未来持续动作的延续性。

• 组成结构：would have been + 动词现在分词（v-ing）；was/were going to have been + 动词现在分词（v-ing）。

• 时间提示词：imagined + 从句中 “for + 时间段 + by + 过去看来的将来时间点” 等。

• 例句：

① By midnight, Lirafigured she would have been hummingfor six hours. Her voicewould have been cracking, but shewould keepgoing—she sensed the humwould have been stirringsomething in the deep, something that had been sleeping since her mother left.

② The shadowwould have been lingeringnear the cave for hours, shesuspected. It would have been watchingher, as if waiting for a specific moment—maybe when the moonstone’s glowwould have been dimming, or when her voicewould have been fading.

③ When the first light came, Lirahopedthe silver fishwould have been circlingthe moonstone for days. Their motionwould have been weavinga spell, and sheimaginedthe stonewould have been glowingbrighter, as if answering a call from the other side of the sea.

• 汉语翻译：

① 莉拉估计，到午夜时她已经哼唱了六个小时。声音会有些沙哑，但她会继续 —— 她感觉到这哼唱正在唤醒深海里的什么，那东西自从妈妈离开后就一直沉睡着。

② 她怀疑黑影已经在洞穴附近徘徊了好几个小时。它会一直盯着她，仿佛在等一个特定的时刻 —— 也许是月光石的光芒减弱时，或是她的声音变小时。

③ 第一缕光出现时，莉拉希望银鱼已经围着月光石转了好几天。它们的运动会织成一个咒语，她想象着石头会变得更亮，仿佛在回应海的另一边传来的呼唤。