【Linux运维】LNMP环境配置
安装准备：
Centos7.3
MYSQL5.6
PHP5.6
NGINX1.10.3
一、安装Mysql
mysql：
[root@host129 src]#cd /usr/local/src/ [root@host129 src]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.41-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@host129 src]# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.41-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@host129 src]# mv mysql-5.6.41-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql [root@host129 src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql [root@host129 src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@host129 mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql [root@host129 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/ [root@host129 mysql]# [root@host129 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql [root@host129 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db: Data::Dumper 出现以上报错：安装一下软件，再次执行脚本 [root@host129 mysql]# yum -y install autoconf [root@host129 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql [root@host129 mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf [root@host129 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@host129 mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@host129 mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld datadir=/data/mysql [root@host129 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld [root@host129 mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on [root@host129 mysql]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/host129.err'. . SUCCESS! [root@host129 mysql]# ps aux | grep mysqld 首次进入mysql： [root@host129 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.41 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
mysql> exit Bye
二、安装PHP
PHP: [root@host129 src]#cd /usr/local/src/ [root@host129 src]#wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.30.tar.gz [root@host129 src]#tar zxf php-5.6.30.tar.gz [root@host129 src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm [root@host129 src]# cd php-5.6.30 [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# ./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm \ --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc \ --enable-fpm \ --with-fpm-user=php-fpm \ --with-fpm-group=php-fpm \ --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \ --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock \ --with-libxml-dir \ --with-gd \ --with-jpeg-dir \ --with-png-dir \ --with-freetype-dir \ --with-iconv-dir \ --with-zlib-dir \ --with-mcrypt \ --enable-soap \ --enable-gd-native-ttf \ --enable-ftp \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-exif \ --disable-ipv6 \ --with-pear \ --with-curl \ --with-openssl error1: configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation. [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# yum -y install libxml2 已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.163.com 软件包 libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本 无须任何处理 解决： [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# yum -y install libxml2-devel error2: configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h> 解决： [root@host129 php-5.6.30]#yum -y install openssl.x86_64 openssl-devel.x86_64 error3： checking for T1lib support... no checking whether to enable truetype string function in GD... yes checking whether to enable JIS-mapped Japanese font support in GD... no If configure fails try --with-vpx-dir=<DIR> configure: error: jpeglib.h not found. 解决： [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# yum -y install libjpeg libjpeg-devel error4： configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt. 解决： [root@host129 php-5.6.30]#yum -y install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel [root@host129 php-5.6.30]#make install [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# echo $? 0 [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf [global] pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log [www] listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock listen.mode = 666 user = php-fpm group = php-fpm pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 500 rlimit_files = 1024 [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t [09-Apr-2018 23:49:31] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# cp /usr/local/src/php-5.6.30/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm useradd：用户“php-fpm”已存在 [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# service php-fpm start Starting php-fpm done [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# chkconfig php-fpm on [root@host129 php-5.6.30]# ps aux |grep php-fpm
三、安装Nginx
NGINX: NGINX官网https://nginx.org/ [root@host129 src]#cd /usr/local/src/ [root@host129 src]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz [root@host129 src]# tar zxvf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz [root@host129 src]# cd nginx-1.10.3/ [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# make & make install 编写nginx启动脚本： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx #!/bin/bash # chkconfig: - 30 21 # description: http service. # Source Function Library . /etc/init.d/functions # Nginx Settings NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" RETVAL=0 prog="Nginx" start() { echo -n $"Starting $prog: " mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL } reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL } restart() { stop start } configtest() { $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t return 0 } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; restart) restart ;; configtest) configtest ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}" RETVAL=1 esac exit $RETVAL 保存以上脚本更改权限： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx 添加nginx服务项命令： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# chkconfig --add nginx 添加完设置启动项： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# chkconfig nginx on 清空原配置文件： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# > /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 重新写入一下内容： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]#vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf user nobody nobody; worker_processes 2; error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 51200; events { use epoll; worker_connections 6000; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526; server_names_hash_max_size 4096; log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]' ' $host "$request_uri" $status' ' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"'; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 30; client_header_timeout 3m; client_body_timeout 3m; send_timeout 3m; connection_pool_size 256; client_header_buffer_size 1k; large_client_header_buffers 8 4k; request_pool_size 4k; output_buffers 4 32k; postpone_output 1460; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 256k; client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp; proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp; fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 8k; gzip_comp_level 5; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /usr/local/nginx/html; location ~ \.php$ { include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; } } } 验证一nginx下配置文件： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 内容显示如下正常： nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful （查看一下： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]#ps aux |grep httpd [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]#service stop httpd 也可以直接卸载：yum -y remove httpd ）如果没下边启动报错可以不用做这一步 启动Nginx： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# service nginx start StartStarting nginx (via systemctl): Job for nginx.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status nginx.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details 如果报以上错误: 通过查看日志：/var/log/messages这个日志 [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# less /var/log/messages Apr 12 10:30:29 host129 nginx: Starting Nginx: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) Apr 12 10:30:29 host129 nginx: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) Apr 12 10:30:30 host129 nginx: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) Apr 12 10:30:30 host129 nginx: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) Apr 12 10:30:31 host129 nginx: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use) Apr 12 10:30:31 host129 nginx: nginx: [emerg] still could not bind() Apr 12 10:30:31 host129 nginx: [失败] Apr 12 10:30:31 host129 systemd: nginx.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1 Apr 12 10:30:31 host129 systemd: Failed to start SYSV: http service.. Apr 12 10:30:31 host129 systemd: Unit nginx.service entered failed state. Apr 12 10:30:31 host129 systemd: nginx.service failed. 发现nginx端口被占用： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# ps aux |grep httpd root 983 0.0 0.3 221948 4964 ? Ss 09:29 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND apache 2203 0.0 0.2 224032 3096 ? S 09:29 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND apache 2204 0.0 0.2 224032 3096 ? S 09:29 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND apache 2205 0.0 0.2 224032 3096 ? S 09:29 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND apache 2207 0.0 0.2 224032 3096 ? S 09:29 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND apache 2208 0.0 0.2 224032 3096 ? S 09:29 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND root 6189 0.0 0.0 112676 972 pts/0 R+ 10:38 0:00 grep --color=auto httpd [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# service stop httpd The service command supports only basic LSB actions (start, stop, restart, try-restart, reload, force-reload, status). For other actions, please try to use systemctl. [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# systemctl stop httpd [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# service nginx start Starting nginx (via systemctl): [ 确定 ] 查看nginx启动进程： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# ps aux |grep nginx root 6248 0.0 0.0 24960 796 ? Ss 10:38 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nobody 6249 0.0 0.2 29440 3688 ? S 10:38 0:00 nginx: worker process nobody 6250 0.0 0.2 29440 3428 ? S 10:38 0:00 nginx: worker process root 6341 0.0 0.0 112676 968 pts/0 R+ 10:45 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx 验证php解析： [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/2.php <?php echo "test php scripts" ?> [root@host129 nginx-1.10.3]# curl localhost/2.php test php scripts 证明php解析正常
四、配置虚拟主机
[root@host129 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 结束符之前：
include vhost/*.conf; } [root@host129 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost [root@host129 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/ [root@host129 vhost]# vim default.conf server { listen 80 default_server; server_name yanglt.com; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /data/nginx/default; } [root@host129 vhost]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful # /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload #makdir -r /data/nginx/default #echo "default_server" > /data/nginx/default/index.html [root@host129 nginx]# curl -x127.9.9.1:80 yanglt.com default_server [root@host129 nginx]# curl -x127.9.9.1:80 ssss.com default_server
