Android笔记（五十五） Android四大组件之一——ContentProvider，使用系统提供的ContentProvider
因为在Android中，存储系统联系人姓名和电话是存在与不同的ContentProvider中的，具体如何查找，可以从Android的源代码中查看，在android.providers包中列出了所有系统已经封装好的ContentProvider，譬如我们要查看联系人相关的，就去ContactsContract当中去寻找相关信息，要查看短信相关的，就去Telephony中寻找相关信息。
查找系统联系人
MainActivity.java
package cn.lixyz.readcontacts; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.ContentResolver; import android.database.Cursor; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.provider.ContactsContract; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private Button button; private static final Uri CONTACTS_URI = ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI; private static final Uri PHONE_URI = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button); button.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener()); } class MyOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (v.getId() == R.id.button) { ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver(); Cursor cursor = cr.query(CONTACTS_URI, new String[] { "_id", "display_name" }, null, null, null); if (cursor != null) { List<String> phoneList = new ArrayList<String>(); cursor.moveToFirst(); do { String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("display_name")); String id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id")); Cursor c = cr.query(PHONE_URI, new String[] { "data1" }, "name_raw_contact_id=?", new String[] { id }, null); c.moveToFirst(); do { Log.d("TTTT", "姓名：" + name + "，电话=" + c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("data1"))); } while (c.moveToNext()); } while (cursor.moveToNext()); } cursor.close(); } } } }
activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="cn.lixyz.readsmstest.MainActivity" > <Button android:id="@+id/button" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="点我读取联系人" /> </LinearLayout>
在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加读取联系人的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
运行结果：
读取短信息：
MainActivity.java
package cn.lixyz.readsmstest; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.ContentResolver; import android.database.Cursor; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.provider.Telephony.Sms; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; @SuppressLint("NewApi") public class MainActivity extends Activity { private Button button; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button); button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver(); Uri uri = Sms.CONTENT_URI; Cursor cursor = cr.query(uri, new String[] { "date", "body" }, null, null, null); if (cursor != null) { while (cursor.moveToNext()) { String date = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("date")); String body = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("body")); Date d = new Date(Long.valueOf(date)); SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); String dateStr = dateFormat.format(d); Log.d("TTTT", "时间:" + dateStr + ",内容：" + body); } } cursor.close(); } }); } }
activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="cn.lixyz.readsmstest.MainActivity" > <Button android:id="@+id/button" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="点我读取短信" /> </LinearLayout>
在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加读取短信的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"/>
插入联系人：
MainActivity.java
package cn.lixyz.writecontacts; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.ContentUris; import android.content.ContentValues; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.provider.ContactsContract; import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone; import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName; import android.provider.ContactsContract.Data; import android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private Button button; public static final Uri CONTACTS_URI = ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI; public static final Uri Phone_URI = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button); button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { ContentValues values = new ContentValues(); // 首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入(raw_contacts 表), // 为了获取生成的联系人 ID Uri rawContactUri = getContentResolver().insert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, values); // 然后获取系统返回的rawContactId ， 就是新加入的这个联系人的 ID long rawContactId = ContentUris.parseId(rawContactUri); /* * Andorid 中，将联系人的姓名、电话、分别存放在 data 表的同一个字段的两条记录当中 因此要 Insert 两次 */ // 往data表入姓名数据 values.clear(); // raw_contacts_id 字段，是 raw_contacts表id 的外键，用于说明此记录属于哪一个联系人 values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId); // mimitype_id 字段，用于描述此数据的类型，电话号码？Email？.... values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE); // 注意查看第二个参数的常量值 values.put(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "肆肆肆"); // 这个名字真好听 getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values); // 往data表入电话数据 values.clear(); values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId); values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE); values.put(Phone.NUMBER, "444444444"); values.put(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE); getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values); } }); } }
activity_main.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="cn.lixyz.writecontacts.MainActivity" > <Button android:id="@+id/button" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello_world" /> </RelativeLayout>
在AndroidManifest.xml中添加写入联系人的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"/>
