crawler碎碎念4 关于python requests、Beautiful Soup库、SQLlite的基本操作

Requests

import requests

from PIL import Image

from io improt BytesTO

import jason



url = "..........."

print(dir(requests)) #查看基本的用法

r = requests.get(url)

print(r.text)

print(r.status_code)

print(r.encoding)

 

传递参数

params = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':[1,2,3],'k4':None}　　#key的值是list的话就会一一赋值
r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get',params)

print(r.url)

 

 

二进制数据

r= requests.get('.........')

image = Image.open(BytesTO(r.content))

image.save('图片.jpg')

 

 

 

json处理

r = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.jason')

print(type(r.json))

print(r.json)

print(r.text)

 

 

原始数据处理

r= requests.get('.........')

with open('图片.jpg','wb+') as f :

　　for chunk in r.iter_content(1024):

　　　　f.write(chunk)

 

 

 

提交表单

form = {‘username’：‘xxx’,'ddddefsc':'dscdsc'}

r = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post',data = form)

r = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post',data = jason.dumps(forms))

print(r.text)



cookies

url ='xxxxxxxxxxxx'

r = requests.get(url)

cookies = r.cookies

for k,v in cookies.get_dict().items():　　　　　　标准的获取cookies
　　print(k,,v)



cookies = {'c1':'v1'}

r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies',cookies= cookies)

print(r.text)

 

重定向和重定向历史   网站跳转的时候跟踪用

r= requests.head('http://www.baidu.com',allow_redirects = True)

print(r.url)

print(r.status_code)

print(r.history)

 

 

代理

proxies = {'http':'...','https:'.....'}          #可以用来科学上网嘻嘻

r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/cookies',proxies= proxies)

 

 

 

 

Beautiful Soup

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
#Tag
soup = Beautifulsoup(open('test.html'))
print(soup.prettify())
print(soup.title.name)
print(soup.title)
#String
print(type(soup.title.string))
print(soup.title.string)
#Comment注释
print(type(soup.a.string))
print(soup.a.name)

for items in soup.body.contents:
    print(item.name)    
    #只找子元素的

css查询
print(soup.select('.sister'))    #返回到是数组
print(soup.select('a')) 
print(soup.select('#link''))     #从id开始找

print(soup.select('head >title''))

Htmlparser

from HTMLParser import HTMLParser

clase MyParser(HTMLParser):
　　def handle_decl(self,decl):
　　　　HTMLParser.handle_decl(self，decl)
　　　　print('decl %s'% decl)

　　def handle_starttag(self,tag,attrs):
　　　　HTMLParser.handle_starttag(self，tag,attrs)
　　　　print('<'+tag+'>')

　　def handle_endtag(self,decl):
　　　　HTMLParser.handle_endtag(self，decl)
　　　　print('<'+tag+'>')

  　def handle_data(self,data):
　　　　HTMLParser.handle_data(self，data)
　　　　print('data %s',data)

　　def handle_startendtag(self,tag,attrs):
　　　　HTMLParser.handle_startendtag(self，tag,attrs)
　　　　print('<'+tag+ '>')

　　def handle_comment(self,data):
　　　　HTMLParser.handle_comment(self，data)
　　　　print('data %s',data)

　　def close(self):
　　　　HTMLParser.close(self)
　　　　print('Close')
demo = MyParser()
demo.feed(open('hello.html')).read()
demo.close

 html格式的尽量不要用xml的方式去处理，因为html可能格式不完整

 

sqlite3

import sqlite3

conn =sqlite3.connect('test.db')
create_sql = 'create table company(id int primary key not null,emp_name text not null );'
conn.execute(create_sql)
insert_sql = 'insert into company values(?,?)'

conn.execute(insert_sql,(100,'LY'))
conn.execute(insert_sql,(200,'July'))
cursors = conn.execute('select id,emp_name from company')
for row in cursors:
    print(row[0],row[1])
conn.close()

mySQL

需要指定mysql:host(ip/port),username,password,

然后在插入数据后要记得使用conn.commit