rsync+inotify实现服务器之间的文件实时同步教程
三、 开始安装配置
- 环境：
系统版本：centos7
源服务器：10.99.123.19
从服务器：10.99.123.20
同步目录：/mnt
我们要实现让20服务器在19服务器上我们需要同步的文件发生改变的时候自动同步19服务器上的文件，一切以19服务器为主
- 安装rsync（同时操作两台服务器）
yum install rsync -y
- 关闭selinux（永久关闭）
比较坑爹弄不懂selinux这东西所以我选择永久关闭
vi /etc/selinux/config
修改成如下：
\# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
\# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
\# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
\# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
\# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
\# SELINUX=enforcing
\# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
\# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
\# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
\# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
SELINUX=disabled
重启服务器：
reboot
- 开发防火墙端口873（rsync的默认端口）
永久开启
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=873/tcp
查看端口状态
firewall-cmd --permanent --query-port=873/tcp
重启防火墙服务
systemctl restart firewalld.service
- 测试是否能执行同步
启动rsync服务
systemctl start rsyncd.service
添加开机自启
systemctl enable rsyncd.service
把19服务器的mnt文件下的所有文件推送到20服务器
rsync -azP --delete /mnt/ root@10.99.123.20:/mnt
结果（第一次会出现）：
The authenticity of host '10.99.123.20 (10.99.123.20)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is a2:ed:95:17:3e:63:c9:30:45:42:2d:d0:ac:3d:00:4c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?
输入：yes
Warning: Permanently added '10.99.123.20' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@10.99.123.20's password:
输入密码：你20服务器root用户的密码
sending incremental file list
./
test.conf
453 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfer#1, to-check=0/2)
sent 303 bytes received 34 bytes 96.29 bytes/sec
total size is 453 speedup is 1.34
同步成功！
- 不难发现，每次同步都需要输密码，这样我们实时同步就不能进行了，所以这里需要做一个免密码的操作
在19服务器上执行如下命令来生成配对密钥：
ssh-keygen -t rsa
一路回车
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
16:dd:0d:50:7d:ea:99:73:46:79:23:1d:31:2d:7d:86 root@localhost.localdomain
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
| .oo. =o|
| . . oE.B|
| . . . o=+|
| . ..+o|
| S ..+o|
| . = o|
| + |
| |
| |
+-----------------+
把生成的密钥发送到20服务器
ssh-copy-id root@10.99.123.20
提示
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@10.99.123.20's password:
输入密码后：
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@10.99.123.20'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
测试是否可以免密码
ssh root@10.99.123.20
正常情况已经可以免密码了，那么接下来我们要去实现实时同步
- 实时同步我们需要在19服务器安装inotify
安装inotify
yum install inotify-tools --enablerepo=epel
如果提示：
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Error getting repository data for epel, repository not found
添加yum源（再安装）
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/epel-release.rpm
编写同步脚本
脚本内容如下，保存为/etc/inotify-rsync.sh, 保存的路径自己可以根据情况定
set -e
src=/mnt/
target=10.99.123.20
/usr/bin/inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%d/%m/%y %H:%M' --format '%T %w%f%e' -e modify,delete,create,attrib $src | while read files
do
rsync -azP --delete /mnt/ root@10.99.123.20:/mnt
done
修改脚本权限
chmod 755 /etc/inotify-rsync.sh
执行脚本（加&为后台运行，不加则为前台执行）
/etc/inotify-rsync.sh&
将脚本执行添加到开机启动项
echo "/etc/inotify-rsync.sh&" >>/etc/rc.local
运行后面我们在源目录添加一新文件进行测试，很快就可以看到它出现在目标目录
也可以重启下，看看服务有没有自动重启
reboot
浙公网安备 33010602011771号