[root@wesley ~]# python
Python 2.7.14 (default, Sep 10 2018, 23:42:00)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-23)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
>>>
>>> import subprocess
>>> ret = subprocess.call('ls -l',shell=True) #直接运行命令并打印 shell=True 表示程序将通过shell来执行
total 20
-rw-------. 1 root root 963 Jul 8 07:07 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8845 Jul 8 07:07 install.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3384 Jul 8 07:06 install.log.syslog
>>> ret=subprocess.call('ls -l',shell=False)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 168, in call
return Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs).wait()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 390, in __init__
errread, errwrite)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1025, in _execute_child
raise child_exception
OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory
>>> subprocess.check_call('ls -l',shell=True) #检查call 的执行命令，如果执行状态码是 0 ，则返回0，否则抛异常
total 20
-rw-------. 1 root root 963 Jul 8 07:07 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8845 Jul 8 07:07 install.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3384 Jul 8 07:06 install.log.syslog
0
>>> subprocess.check_call('exit 1',shell=True)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 186, in check_call
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command 'exit 1' returned non-zero exit status 1
>>> subprocess.check_output('echo','hello')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 212, in check_output
process = Popen(stdout=PIPE, *popenargs, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 339, in __init__
raise TypeError("bufsize must be an integer")
TypeError: bufsize must be an integer
>>> subprocess.check_output(['echo','hello']) #args 是一个字符串或者元祖，列表（统一在某一个里面）
'hello\n'
>>> subprocess.check_output('echo hello',shell=True)
'hello\n'
>>> ret1=subprocess.Popen('mkdir t2',shell=True)
>>> subprocee.Popen('ls -l',shell=True)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'subprocee' is not defined
>>> subprocess.Popen('ls -l',shell=True) #Popen执行命令
<subprocess.Popen object at 0x7f5e8b43f850>
>>> total 24
-rw-------. 1 root root 963 Jul 8 07:07 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8845 Jul 8 07:07 install.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3384 Jul 8 07:06 install.log.syslog
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 16 03:15 t2
>>> subprocess.Popen('ifconfig',shell=True)
<subprocess.Popen object at 0x7f5e84f3dbd0>
>>> eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:04:FE:91
inet addr:192.168.159.128 Bcast:192.168.159.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe04:fe91/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1477 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:715 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:129113 (126.0 KiB) TX bytes:87399 (85.3 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
>>> obj=subprocess.Popen('python',stdin=subprocess.PIPE, \
#在python 环境里面执行命令，
注意：如果希望通过进程的stdin向其发送数据，在创建Popen对象的时候，
参数stdin必须被设置为PIPE。同样，
如果希望从stdout和stderr获取数据，必须将stdout和stderr设置为PIPE。
... stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stderr=subprocess.PIPE, \
... universal_newlines=True)
>>> obj.stdin.write('print(1)\n')
>>> obj.stdin.write('print(2)') #写入数据
>>> obj.stdin.close()
>>> cmd_out=obj.stdout.read() #取数据
>>> obj.stdout.close()
>>> cmd_error=obj.stderr.read()
>>> obj.stderr.close()
>>> print(cmd_out)
1
2
>>> print(cmd_error)
>>> obj=subprocess.Popen('python',stdin=subprocess.PIPE, \
... stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stderr=subprocess.PIPE, \
... universal_newlines=True)
... File "<stdin>", line 2
... stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stderr=subprocess.PIPE, \
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> File "<stdin>", line 1
... universal_newlines=True)
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> import subprocess
obj = subprocess.Popen(["python"], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
obj.stdin.write("print(1)\n")
obj.stdin.write("print(2)")
out_error_list = obj.communicate() #取数据
print(out_error_list)>>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>>
('1\n2\n', '')
>>> import subprocess
obj = subprocess.Popen(["python"], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
out_error_list = obj.communicate('print("hello")') #写入并取数据 obj.communicate(input)
print(out_error_list)>>> >>> >>> >>>
('hello\n', '')
>>>
