DjangoRestFramework的视图组件和路由组件

一视图组件 

　　restframework可以轻松完成对某个数据的增删改查的目的，在继承viewsets.ModelViewset后，只需要配置数据管理对象和序列化器即可，

class BookModelView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all() 
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

　　上面的方法是直接继承restframework提供的方法来实现对数据的增删改查的目的，根据前端提交请求的方式不同，通过get、post、put、delete、等实现

　　使用这种方法的时候，路由需要传参，视图组件在继承ViewsetMixin之后可以进行路由传参　

　　 url(r'api/$', views.BookModelView.as_view({"get": "list", "post": "create"})),
    url(r'api/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.BookModelView.as_view({"get": "retrieve", "put": "update", "delete": "destroy"})),

　　路由传参可以使用路由组件来更加方便的进行达到目的

from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
router =DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'book', views.BookModelView)

urlpatterns += router.urls

　　

　　我们也可以通过自己重写方法来实现这些功能

class GenericAPIView(APIView):
    queryset = None
    serializer_class = None

    def get_queryset(self):
        return self.queryset.all()

    def get_serializer(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.serializer_class(*args, **kwargs)


class ListModelMixin(object):
    def list(self, request):
        queryset = self.get_queryset()
        ser_obj = self.get_serializer(queryset, many=True)
        return Response(ser_obj.data)


class CreateModelMixin(object):
    def create(self, request):
        ser_obj = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
        if ser_obj.is_valid():
            ser_obj.save()
            return Response(ser_obj.validated_data)
        return Response(ser_obj.errors)


class RetrieveModelMixin(object):
    def retrieve(self, request, id):
        book_obj = self.get_queryset().filter(id=id).first()
        ser_obj = BookSerializer(book_obj)
        return Response(ser_obj.data)


class UpdateModelMixin(object):
    def update(self, request, id):
        book_obj = self.get_queryset().filter(id=id).first()
        ser_obj = self.get_serializer(instance=book_obj, data=request.data, partial=True)
        if ser_obj.is_valid():
            ser_obj.save()
            return Response(ser_obj.validated_data)
        return Response(ser_obj.errors)


class DestroyModelMixin(object):
    def destroy(self, request, id):
        book_obj = self.get_queryset().filter(id=id).first()
        if not book_obj:
            return Response("删除的对象不存在")
        book_obj.delete()
        return Response("")


class ListCreateAPIView(GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin):
    pass


class RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin):
    pass


class ModelViewSet(ViewSetMixin, ListCreateAPIView, RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    pass

　　在通过调用自己写的ModelViewSet实现

class BookModelView(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = models.Book.objects.all() 
    serializer_class = BookSerializer