Gentoo安装详解（三）-- 配置系统

配置系统

文件系统fstab

• 创建/etc/fstab

/dev/sda1   /boot        vfat    defaults,noatime     0 2
/dev/sda2   none         swap    sw                   0 0
/dev/sda3   /            ext4    noatime              0 1
/dev/cdrom  /mnt/cdrom   auto    noauto,user          0 0

• Filesystem labels and UUIDs

blkid

网络信息

• Host name, Domainname, etc

nano -w /etc/conf.d/hostname

• Configuring Network

nano -w /etc/conf.d/net

• Automatically start networking at boot

cd /etc/init.d
root #ln -s net.lo net.eth0
root #rc-update add net.eth0 default

系统信息

• Gentoo uses /etc/rc.conf to configure the services, startup, and shutdown of your system.

nano -w /etc/rc.conf

• Root Password

passwd

root允许弱口令： enforce=none
vim /etc/security/passwdqc.conf

min=disabled,24,11,8,7
max=72
passphrase=3
match=4
similar=deny
random=47
enforce=none
retry=3

• Gentoo uses /etc/conf.d/hwclock to set clock options.

nano -w /etc/conf.d/hwclock

安装系统工具

• System Logger

emerge syslog-ng
rc-update add syslog-ng default

• 可选：File Indexing

emerge mlocate

• 可选：Remote Access

rc-update add sshd default

• 可选：DHCP Client

emerge dhcpcd

配置启动项

Using GRUB2

• BIOS

emerge --ask --verbose sys-boot/grub
grub-install /dev/sda

• UEFI

echo 'GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-64"' >> /etc/portage/make.conf
emerge --ask sys-boot/grub
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot

Optionally, install theos-prober utility (provided through the sys-boot/os-prober package) to have GRUB2 probe for other operating systems when running thegrub2-mkconfig command. In most instances, this will enable GRUB2 to automatically detect other operating systems (Windows 7, Windows 8.1, etc.).

Generating GRUB2 configuration：

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

可选：Using GRUB Legacy

emerge sys-boot/grub:0

编辑配置文件

nano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf

Example grub.conf

# 默认选择哪个列表来引导。0表示第一个， 1表示第二个，以此类推。
default 0
# 引导默认列表前等待多少秒
timeout 30
# 使用漂亮、“臃肿”的spalsh图像来增加一点趣味:)
# 如果您没有安装显卡，请将这行注释掉
splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz

title Gentoo Linux 3.10.10
# 内核镜像（或者操作系统）所在分区
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-3.10.10-gentoo root=/dev/sda2

title Gentoo Linux 3.10.10 (rescue)
# 内核镜像（或者操作系统）所在分区
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-3.10.10-gentoo root=/dev/sda2 init=/bin/bb

# 接下来的四行只有在您与Windows系统进行双启动的情况下才需要。
# 本例中，windows系统位于/dev/sda6。
title Windows XP
rootnoverify (hd0,5)
makeactive
chainloader +1
#win7下注释掉makeactive

Setting up GRUB Legacy using grub-install:
Creating /etc/mtab:

grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab

Install GRUB Legacy:

grub-install --no-floppy /dev/sda

重启系统

exit
cd
umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts,}
umount -l /mnt/gentoo{/boot,/proc,}
reboot