selenium webdriver常用方法

 

selenium webdriver常用方法

1.      selenium webdriver常用方法

参考文档：https://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp

 

1.1.    查找元素 locate ui elements

参考文档：https://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.jsp

 

查找方法从引用方法上可分为两种：直接引用，参数引用

示例：

element = driver.find_element_by_id("coolestWidgetEvah")

or

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

element = driver.find_element(by=By.ID, value="coolestWidgetEvah")

 

 

常用定位方法：

element = driver.find_element_by_id("coolestWidgetEvah")

cheeses = driver.find_elements_by_class_name("cheese")

frame = driver.find_element_by_tag_name("iframe")

cheese = driver.find_element_by_name("cheese")

cheese = driver.find_element_by_link_text("cheese")

cheese = driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#food span.dairy.aged")

inputs = driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//input")

#使用javascript

element = driver.execute_script("return $('.cheese')[0]")

当然，查找多个元素也有相应方法，在方法名element后加个s，示例如下：

input_first = browser.find_elements_by_id('q')

 

1.2.    获取text值：

element = driver.find_element_by_id("element_id")

 

1.3.    表单处理User Input - Filling In Forms

找到表单元素:

select = driver.find_element_by_tag_name("select")

allOptions = select.find_elements_by_tag_name("option")

for option in allOptions:

    print "Value is: " + option.get_attribute("value")

    option.click()

上例找到了一个表单，并遍历打印值。

 

# available since 2.12

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select

select = Select(driver.find_element_by_tag_name("select"))

select.deselect_all()

select.select_by_visible_text("Edam")

取消选择所有的option，然后根据text选择一个option。

 

提交表单：

一种方法是提交按钮：

driver.find_element_by_id("submit").click()

另一种方法：

webdriver在每个元素上都有submit方法，如果在表单中调用，会向上递归直到找到一个封闭的表单然后submit；If the element isn’t in a form, then the NoSuchElementException will be thrown:

element.submit()

 

1.4.    cookies

增删查

# Go to the correct domain

driver.get("http://www.example.com")

 

# Now set the cookie. Here's one for the entire domain

# the cookie name here is 'key' and its value is 'value'

driver.add_cookie({'name':'key', 'value':'value', 'path':'/'})

# additional keys that can be passed in are:

# 'domain' -> String,

# 'secure' -> Boolean,

# 'expiry' -> Milliseconds since the Epoch it should expire.

 

# And now output all the available cookies for the current URL

for cookie in driver.get_cookies():

    print "%s -> %s" % (cookie['name'], cookie['value'])

 

# You can delete cookies in 2 ways

# By name

driver.delete_cookie("CookieName")

# Or all of them

driver.delete_all_cookies()

 

1.5.    useragent

profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()

profile.set_preference("general.useragent.override", "some UA string")

driver = webdriver.Firefox(profile)

 

1.6.    Moving Between Windows and Frames

Some web applications have many frames or multiple windows. WebDriver supports moving between named windows using the “switchTo” method:

driver.switch_to.window("windowName")

driver.switch_to.frame("frameName")

 

1.7.    navigation:history and location

简单来说，就是前一页和后一页。

driver.get("http://www.example.com")  # python doesn't have driver.navigate可以忽略，使用get即可

driver.forward()

driver.back()