PHPUnit 入门篇

http://www.oschina.net/question/54100_33155

PHPUnit是什么？

它是一款轻量级的php测试框架

为什么要用PHPUnit？

1. facebook在用

2. 可以通过命令操控测试脚本

3. 可以测试性能

4. 可以测试代码覆盖率

5. 可以自动化的更新测试用例的参数数据

6. 各种格式的日志

6. 最最重要的是，功能如此炫，使用起来还特别简单

PHPUnit的安装

1	pear channel-discover pear.phpunit.de

2	pear install phpunit/PHPUnit

快速入门

01

<?php

02	require_once 'PHPUnit/Framework.php';

03

04	class ArrayTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase

05

{

06	public function testNewArrayIsEmpty()

07

{

08	// 创建数组fixture。

09	$fixture = array();

10

11	// 断言数组fixture的尺寸是0。

12	$this->assertEquals(0, sizeof($fixture));

13

}

14

}

15

?>

1. ArrayTest为测试类

2. ArrayTest 继承于PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase

3.测试方法testNewArrayIsEmpty()，测试方法必须为public权限，一般以test开头，或者你也可以选择给其加注释@test来表明该函数为测试函数

1

/**

2

* @test

3

*/

4	public function testNewArrayIsEmpty()

5

{

6	$fixture = array();

7	$this->assertEquals(0, sizeof($fixture));

8

}

命令行启动测试

phpunit  测试文件名，此处为要测试ArrayTest.php文件

phpunit ArrayTest
PHPUnit 3.2.10 by Sebastian Bergmann.
..
Time: 0 seconds
OK (2 tests)

命令行参数

01	phpunit --help

02	PHPUnit 3.2.10 by Sebastian Bergmann.

03

04	Usage: phpunit [switches] UnitTest [UnitTest.php]

05

06	--log-graphviz <file>  Log test execution in GraphViz markup.

07	--log-json <file>      Log test execution in JSON format.

08	--log-tap <file>       Log test execution in TAP format to file.

09	--log-xml <file>       Log test execution in XML format to file.

10	--log-metrics <file>   Write metrics report in XML format.

11	--log-pmd <file>       Write violations report in PMD XML format.

12

13	--coverage-html <dir>  Generate code coverage report in HTML format.

14	--coverage-xml <file>  Write code coverage information in XML format.

15

16	--test-db-dsn <dsn>    DSN for the test database.

17	--test-db-log-rev <r>  Revision information for database logging.

18	--test-db-prefix ...   Prefix that should be stripped from filenames.

19	--test-db-log-info ... Additional information for database logging.

20

21	--testdox-html <file>  Write agile documentation in HTML format to file.

22	--testdox-text <file>  Write agile documentation in Text format to file.

23

24	--filter <pattern>     Filter which tests to run.

25	--group ...            Only runs tests from the specified group(s).

26	--exclude-group ...    Exclude tests from the specified group(s).

27

28	--loader <loader>      TestSuiteLoader implementation to use.

29	--repeat <times>       Runs the test(s) repeatedly.

30

31	--tap                  Report test execution progress in TAP format.

32	--testdox              Report test execution progress in TestDox format.

33

34	--no-syntax-check      Disable syntax check of test source files.

35	--stop-on-failure      Stop execution upon first error or failure.

36	--verbose              Output more verbose information.

37	--wait                 Waits for a keystroke after each test.

38

39	--skeleton             Generate skeleton UnitTest class for Unit in Unit.php.

40

41	--help                 Prints this usage information.

42	--version              Prints the version and exits.

43

44	--configuration <file> Read configuration from XML file.

45	-d key[=value]         Sets a php.ini value.

高级功能

你是否已经厌烦了在每一个测试方法命名前面加一个test，是否因为只是调用的参数不同，却要写多个测试用例而纠结？我最喜欢的高级功能，现在隆重推荐给你，叫做框架生成器

1

<?php

2	class Calculator

3

{

4	public function add($a, $b)

5

{

6	return $a + $b;

7

}

8

}

9

?>

命令行启动测试用例

phpunit --skeleton Calculator
PHPUnit 3.2.10 by Sebastian Bergmann.

Wrote test class skeleton for Calculator to CalculatorTest.php.

简单么？简单，但是它其实没有什么意义，因为没有测试数据，怎样加数据，哦哦哦，重头戏来了

01

<?php

02	class Calculator

03

{

04

/**

05	* @assert (0, 0) == 0

06	* @assert (0, 1) == 1

07	* @assert (1, 0) == 1

08	* @assert (1, 1) == 2

09

*/

10	public function add($a, $b)

11

{

12	return $a + $b;

13

}

14

}

15

?>

原始类中的每个方法都进行@assert注解的检测。这些被转变为测试代码，像这样

1

/**

2	* Generated from @assert (0, 0) == 0.

3

*/

4	public function testAdd() {

5	$o = new Calculator;

6	$this->assertEquals(0, $o->add(0, 0));

7

}

下面是运行输出结果：

phpunit CalculatorTest
PHPUnit 3.2.10 by Sebastian Bergmann.

....

Time: 0 seconds

OK (4 tests)

文章出处：http://blog.csdn.net/fly_heart_yuan/article/details/6998603