elasticsearch基本操作之--java基本操作 api

/**

 * 系统环境: vm12 下的centos 7.2

 * 当前安装版本: elasticsearch-2.4.0.tar.gz

 */

默认进行了elasticsearch安装和ik安装, 超时配置, 分页压力配置等

添加maven依赖

<dependency>  
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>  
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>  
            <version>2.4.0</version>  
        </dependency>    
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>  
            <version>2.1.3</version>  
 </dependency>  

  注: 因为spring-data-elasticsearch目前只支持到2.4.0, 所以, 暂不使用5.2.0版本

　　　　关于版本控制可见: https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-data-elasticsearch

　　　　

 

第一部分, 使用java操作elasticsearch

　　创建客户端的两种方式可见spring-data-elasticsearch的源码, 官方, 需要合起来才能使用, 浪费我一下午的时间....

org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.client 包下, 2种创建客户端的方式

 

　　1, 创建一个node节点, 加入集群中, 通过这个node获取cilent (不建议使用)

　　　　　　这种方式相当于创建了一个节点, 不存储数据, 可通过claspath下的elasticsearch.yml设置, 也可通过编程的方式配置, 

Settings settings = ImmutableSettings.settingsBuilder().put("client.transport.ping_timeout", 1000)
                .put("discovery.zen.ping.multicast.enabled", "false").put("timeout", 1)
                .putArray("discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts", "l-flightdev18.f.dev.cn0.qunar.com:9300", "l-flightdev17.f.dev.cn0.qunar.com:9300")
                .build();
        Node node = NodeBuilder.nodeBuilder().clusterName("flight_fuwu_order_index").client(true).settings(settings).node();
        Client client = node.client();

 　　　　获取了所有node节点的client, 发送请求时遍历可用的client, 

Elasticsearch为Java用户提供了两种内置客户端：
节点客户端(node client)：

节点客户端以无数据节点(none data node)身份加入集群，换言之，它自己不存储任何数据，但是它知道数据在集群中的具体位置，并且能够直接转发请求到对应的节点上。
传输客户端(Transport client)：

这个更轻量的传输客户端能够发送请求到远程集群。它自己不加入集群，只是简单转发请求给集群中的节点。
两个Java客户端都通过9300端口与集群交互，使用Elasticsearch传输协议(Elasticsearch Transport Protocol)。集群中的节点之间也通过9300端口进行通信。如果此端口未开放，你的节点将不能组成集群。+

TIP

Java客户端所在的Elasticsearch版本必须与集群中其他节点一致，否则，它们可能互相无法识别。

 https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-api/2.4/index.html

下面介绍第二种连接方式: 

 
　　2, 通过transportClient来连接集群

package com.wenbronk.javaes;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BackoffPolicy;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkProcessor;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkProcessor.Listener;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.MultiGetItemResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.MultiGetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.node.DiscoveryNode;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.ByteSizeUnit;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.ByteSizeValue;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.TimeValue;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;
import org.elasticsearch.script.Script;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

/**
 * 使用java API操作elasticSearch
 * 
 * @author 231
 *
 */
public class JavaESTest {

    private TransportClient client;
    private IndexRequest source;
    
    /**
     * 获取连接, 第一种方式
     * @throws Exception
     */
//    @Before
    public void before() throws Exception {
        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();  
        map.put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch_wenbronk");  
        Settings.Builder settings = Settings.builder().put(map);  
        client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build()  
                        .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("www.wenbronk.com"), Integer.parseInt("9300"))); 
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取连接, 第二种方式
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Before
    public void before11() throws Exception {
        // 创建客户端, 使用的默认集群名, "elasticSearch"
//        client = TransportClient.builder().build()
//                .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("www.wenbronk.com"), 9300));

        // 通过setting对象指定集群配置信息, 配置的集群名
        Settings settings = Settings.settingsBuilder().put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch_wenbronk") // 设置集群名
//                .put("client.transport.sniff", true) // 开启嗅探 , 开启后会一直连接不上, 原因未知
//                .put("network.host", "192.168.50.37")
                .put("client.transport.ignore_cluster_name", true) // 忽略集群名字验证, 打开后集群名字不对也能连接上
//                .put("client.transport.nodes_sampler_interval", 5) //报错,
//                .put("client.transport.ping_timeout", 5) // 报错, ping等待时间,
                .build();
         client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build()
                 .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.50.37", 9300)));
         // 默认5s
         // 多久打开连接, 默认5s
         System.out.println("success connect");
    }
    
    /**
     * 查看集群信息
     */
    @Test
    public void testInfo() {
        List<DiscoveryNode> nodes = client.connectedNodes();
        for (DiscoveryNode node : nodes) {
            System.out.println(node.getHostAddress());
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 组织json串, 方式1,直接拼接
     */
    public String createJson1() {
        String json = "{" +
                "\"user\":\"kimchy\"," +
                "\"postDate\":\"2013-01-30\"," +
                "\"message\":\"trying out Elasticsearch\"" +
            "}";
        return json;
    }
    
    /**
     * 使用map创建json
     */
    public Map<String, Object> createJson2() {
        Map<String,Object> json = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        json.put("user", "kimchy");
        json.put("postDate", new Date());
        json.put("message", "trying out elasticsearch");
        return json;
    }
    
    /**
     * 使用fastjson创建
     */
    public JSONObject createJson3() {
        JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
        json.put("user", "kimchy");
        json.put("postDate", new Date());
        json.put("message", "trying out elasticsearch");
        return json;
    }
    
    /**
     * 使用es的帮助类
     */
    public XContentBuilder createJson4() throws Exception {
        // 创建json对象, 其中一个创建json的方式
        XContentBuilder source = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
            .startObject()
                .field("user", "kimchy")
                .field("postDate", new Date())
                .field("message", "trying to out ElasticSearch")
            .endObject();
        return source;
    }
    
    /**
     * 进行连接测试
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void test1() throws Exception {
        XContentBuilder source = createJson4();
        // 存json入索引中
        IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "1").setSource(source).get();
//        // 结果获取
        String index = response.getIndex();
        String type = response.getType();
        String id = response.getId();
        long version = response.getVersion();
        boolean created = response.isCreated();
        System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version + ": " + created);
    }

    /**
     * get API 获取指定文档信息
     */
    @Test
    public void testGet() {
//        GetResponse response = client.prepareGet("twitter", "tweet", "1")
//                                .get();
        GetResponse response = client.prepareGet("twitter", "tweet", "1")
                .setOperationThreaded(false)    // 线程安全
                .get();
        System.out.println(response.getSourceAsString());
    }
    
    /**
     * 测试 delete api
     */
    @Test
    public void testDelete() {
        DeleteResponse response = client.prepareDelete("twitter", "tweet", "1")
                .get();
        String index = response.getIndex();
        String type = response.getType();
        String id = response.getId();
        long version = response.getVersion();
        System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version);
    }
    
    /**
     * 测试更新 update API
     * 使用 updateRequest 对象
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdate() throws Exception {
        UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest();
        updateRequest.index("twitter");
        updateRequest.type("tweet");
        updateRequest.id("1");
        updateRequest.doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                // 对没有的字段添加, 对已有的字段替换
                    .field("gender", "male")
                    .field("message", "hello")
                .endObject());
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get();
        
        // 打印
        String index = response.getIndex();
        String type = response.getType();
        String id = response.getId();
        long version = response.getVersion();
        System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version);
    }
    
    /**
     * 测试update api, 使用client
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdate2() throws Exception {
        // 使用Script对象进行更新
//        UpdateResponse response = client.prepareUpdate("twitter", "tweet", "1")
//                .setScript(new Script("hits._source.gender = \"male\""))
//                .get();
        
        // 使用XContFactory.jsonBuilder() 进行更新
//        UpdateResponse response = client.prepareUpdate("twitter", "tweet", "1")
//                .setDoc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
//                        .startObject()
//                            .field("gender", "malelelele")
//                        .endObject()).get();
        
        // 使用updateRequest对象及script
//        UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")
//                .script(new Script("ctx._source.gender=\"male\""));
//        UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get();
        
        // 使用updateRequest对象及documents进行更新
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")
                .doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                        .startObject()
                            .field("gender", "male")
                        .endObject()
                    )).get();
        System.out.println(response.getIndex());
    }
    
    /**
     * 测试update
     * 使用updateRequest
     * @throws Exception 
     * @throws InterruptedException 
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdate3() throws InterruptedException, Exception {
        UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")
            .script(new Script("ctx._source.gender=\"male\""));
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get();
    }
    
    /**
     * 测试upsert方法
     * @throws Exception 
     * 
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpsert() throws Exception {
        // 设置查询条件, 查找不到则添加生效
        IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")
            .source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                    .field("name", "qergef")
                    .field("gender", "malfdsae")
                .endObject());
        // 设置更新, 查找到更新下面的设置
        UpdateRequest upsert = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")
            .doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                    .startObject()
                        .field("user", "wenbronk")
                    .endObject())
            .upsert(indexRequest);
        
        client.update(upsert).get();
    }
    
    /**
     * 测试multi get api
     * 从不同的index, type, 和id中获取
     */
    @Test
    public void testMultiGet() {
        MultiGetResponse multiGetResponse = client.prepareMultiGet()
        .add("twitter", "tweet", "1")
        .add("twitter", "tweet", "2", "3", "4")
        .add("anothoer", "type", "foo")
        .get();
        
        for (MultiGetItemResponse itemResponse : multiGetResponse) {
            GetResponse response = itemResponse.getResponse();
            if (response.isExists()) {
                String sourceAsString = response.getSourceAsString();
                System.out.println(sourceAsString);
            }
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * bulk 批量执行
     * 一次查询可以update 或 delete多个document
     */
    @Test
    public void testBulk() throws Exception {
        BulkRequestBuilder bulkRequest = client.prepareBulk();
        bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "1")
                .setSource(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                        .startObject()
                            .field("user", "kimchy")
                            .field("postDate", new Date())
                            .field("message", "trying out Elasticsearch")
                        .endObject()));
        bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "2")
                .setSource(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                        .startObject()
                            .field("user", "kimchy")
                            .field("postDate", new Date())
                            .field("message", "another post")
                        .endObject()));
        BulkResponse response = bulkRequest.get();
        System.out.println(response.getHeaders());
    }
    
    /**
     * 使用bulk processor
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    @Test
    public void testBulkProcessor() throws Exception {
        // 创建BulkPorcessor对象
        BulkProcessor bulkProcessor = BulkProcessor.builder(client, new Listener() {
            public void beforeBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            }
            
            // 执行出错时执行
            public void afterBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest, Throwable paramThrowable) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            }
            
            public void afterBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest, BulkResponse paramBulkResponse) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            }
        })
        // 1w次请求执行一次bulk
        .setBulkActions(10000)
        // 1gb的数据刷新一次bulk
        .setBulkSize(new ByteSizeValue(1, ByteSizeUnit.GB))
        // 固定5s必须刷新一次
        .setFlushInterval(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(5))
        // 并发请求数量, 0不并发, 1并发允许执行
        .setConcurrentRequests(1)
        // 设置退避, 100ms后执行, 最大请求3次
        .setBackoffPolicy(
                BackoffPolicy.exponentialBackoff(TimeValue.timeValueMillis(100), 3))
        .build();
        
        // 添加单次请求
        bulkProcessor.add(new IndexRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1"));
        bulkProcessor.add(new DeleteRequest("twitter", "tweet", "2"));
        
        // 关闭
        bulkProcessor.awaitClose(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
        // 或者
        bulkProcessor.close();
    }
}