Python_unittest单元测试学习笔记

1.常用的几种断言函数：

序号	断言方法	断言描述
1	assertEqual(arg1, arg2, msg=None)	验证arg1=arg2，不等则fail
2	assertNotEqual(arg1, arg2, msg=None)	验证arg1 != arg2, 相等则fail
3	assertTrue(expr, msg=None)	验证expr是true，如果为false，则fail
4	assertFalse(expr,msg=None)	验证expr是false，如果为true，则fail
5	assertIs(arg1, arg2, msg=None)	验证arg1、arg2是同一个对象，不是则fail
6	assertIsNot(arg1, arg2, msg=None)	验证arg1、arg2不是同一个对象，是则fail
7	assertIsNone(expr, msg=None)	验证expr是None，不是则fail
8	assertIsNotNone(expr, msg=None)	验证expr不是None，是则fail
9	assertIn(arg1, arg2, msg=None)	验证arg1是arg2的子串，不是则fail
10	assertNotIn(arg1, arg2, msg=None)	验证arg1不是arg2的子串，是则fail
11	assertIsInstance(obj, cls, msg=None)	验证obj是cls的实例，不是则fail
12	assertNotIsInstance(obj, cls, msg=None)	验证obj不是cls的实例，是则fail
13	assertRaises(expr)	验证expr异常类型，结合with使用 例子： with self.assertRaises(Exception): 　　# 测试内容

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.测试之前和之后运行的函数方法。

　　模块级别：在一个py文件中的所有测试的开始和结束执行

def setUpModule():
    print("-----------1")


def tearDownModule():
    print("===========2")

　　类级别：在一个类里面的所有测试的开始和结束执行

class TestMyService(unittest.TestCase):

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        print("----------1")

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        print("----------2")

　　方法级别：在类的每一个测试的开始和结束执行

class TestMyService(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        print("----------111")


    def tearDown(self):
        print("----------222")

 3.Mock(模拟)

　　1.要测试的demo

class Student(object):
    def __init__(self, id, name):
        self.id = id
        self.name = name


def find_student_by_id(id):
    
    return Student(1, "wdc")


def save_student(student):
    pass


def change_name(student_id, name):
    student = find_student_by_id(student_id)

    if student is not None:
        student.name = name
        save_student(student)

　　2.只用Mock测试

import unittest
from unittest.mock import Mock
from commons import demo03


class TestDemo03(unittest.TestCase):

    
    def test_change_name(self):
        # setUp
        demo03.find_student_by_id = Mock()
        temp_var = Mock(id=1, name="wdc")
        demo03.find_student_by_id.return_value = temp_var

        demo03.save_student = Mock()

        # action
        demo03.change_name(1, "yhf")


        # assert
        self.assertEqual("yhf", temp_var.name)
        demo03.save_student.assert_called()


    def test_change_name_without_record(self):
        # setUp
        demo03.find_student_by_id = Mock()
        # temp_var = Mock(id=1, name="wdc")
        demo03.find_student_by_id.return_value = None

        demo03.save_student = Mock()

        # action
        demo03.change_name(1, "yhf")


        # assert
        demo03.save_student.assert_not_called()

　　3.patch

import unittest
from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
from commons import demo03


class TestDemo03(unittest.TestCase):

    @patch("commons.demo03.save_student")
    @patch("commons.demo03.find_student_by_id")
    def test_change_name(self, find_student_by_id_mock, save_student_mock):
        # setUp
        temp_var = Mock(id=1, name="wdc")
        find_student_by_id_mock.return_value = temp_var


        # action
        demo03.change_name(1, "yhf")


        # assert
        self.assertEqual("yhf", temp_var.name)
        demo03.save_student.assert_called()