Mysql的binlog日志与mysqlbinlog命令

binlog相关

MySQL 的二进制日志 binlog 可以说是 MySQL 最重要的日志，它记录了所有的 DDL 和 DML 语句（除了数据查询语句select、show等），以事件形式记录，还包含语句所执行的消耗的时间，MySQL的二进制日志是事务安全型的。binlog 的主要目的是复制和恢复。

Binlog日志的两个最重要的使用场景
MySQL主从复制：MySQL Replication在Master端开启binlog，Master把它的二进制日志传递给slaves来达到master-slave数据一致的目的
数据恢复：通过使用 mysqlbinlog工具来使恢复数据


总体的关于binlog的参数如下

sync_binlog = 1
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog_format = row
expire_logs_days = 10
binlog_cache_size =4M
max_binlog_cache_size =8M
max_binlog_size =1024M

相关参数讲解

log-bin
决定了msyql 的binlog的名字，⽣成的binlog名字为mysql-bin.000001


binlog_format
规定binlog的格式， binlog有三种格式statement， row以及mixed，默认使⽤默认使⽤statement（5.7.7之前），建议使⽤row格式（5.7.7之后默认）


expire_logs_days
过期时间


binlog_do_db
此参数表示只记录指定数据库的⼆进制⽇志


binlog_ignore_db
此参数表示不记录指定的数据库的⼆进制⽇志


sync_binlog
在提交n次事务后，进⾏binlog的落盘， 0为不进⾏强⾏的刷新操作，⽽是由⽂件系统控制刷新⽇志⽂件
如果是在线交易和帐有关的数据建议设置成1, 如果是其它数据可以保持为０即可。


max_binlog_size
binlog⽂件的最⼤值，默认和最⼤是1GB，并不能严格限定⼆进制⽂件的⼤⼩


max_binlog_cache_size 表示的是binlog 能够使⽤的最⼤cache 内存⼤⼩
当我们执⾏多语句事务的时候 所有session的使⽤的内存超过max_binlog_cache_size的值时
就会报错： “Multi-statement transaction required more than 'max_binlog_cache_size' bytes ofstorage”

mysqlbinlog格式

statment格式
特点：记录每⼀条数据的SQL，将执⾏的每⼀条SQL记录在binlog中，减少⽇志量，节省IO,提⾼性能。
缺点：某些SQL中的函数⽆法使⽤，⽐如SYSDATE()，在同步过程中会出现⽆法同步的问题。
mixed格式
特点：⼀般的语句使⽤SQL语句来记录，遇到特殊的语句使⽤row格式来记录，保证数据的⼀致性和复制的准确性。
row格式
特点： binlog中仅仅记录哪⼀条记录被修改，不记录dml的sql语句，会详细记录每⼀行的更改细节，不会出现⽆法复制的问题。
缺点：因为要记录每⼀条修改记录的⽇志，所以⼤量占⽤磁盘IO和⼤量使⽤硬盘空间。

注：将二进制日志格式设置为ROW时，有些更改仍然使用基于语句的格式，包括所有DDL语句，例如CREATE TABLE， ALTER TABLE，或 DROP TABLE。

开启binlog

由于log_bin是个只读系统变量，不能动态的修改，只能再my.cnf里[mysqld]模块添加log-bin 配置，表示启用binlog，如果没有给定值，写成 log-bin=，则默认名称为主机名。（注：名称若带有小数点，则只取第一个小数点前的部分作为名称）

[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin

此方法需要重启数据库方能生效，如果想临时关掉binlog而又不想重启数据库，可以使用sql_log_bin，sql_log_bin 是一个动态变量，修改该变量时，可以只对当前会话生效（Session），也可以是全局的（Global），当全局修改这个变量时，只会对新的会话生效（这意味当对当前会话也不会生效），因此一般全局修改了这个变量后，都要把原来的所有连接 kill 掉，全局只在MariaDB 5.5之前和MySQL 5.6.22之前生效，后面的版本都已经不支持全局，因为太危险了。
用处：
当还原数据库的时候，如果不关闭二进制日志，那么你还原的过程仍然会记录在二进制日志里面，不仅浪费资源，而且增加了磁盘的容量，还没有必要（特别是利用二进制还原数据库的时候）所以一般还原的时候会选择关闭二进制日志，可以通过修改配置文件，重启关闭二进制日志。
也可以动态命令关闭sql_log_bin,然后导入数据库。

set sql_log_bin=0；# 设为0后，在当前会话上执行的语句都不记录binlog
set sql_log_bin=1; # 取消限制

常用的binlog命令

# 是否启用binlog日志
show variables like 'log_bin';

# 查看详细的日志配置信息
show global variables like '%log%';

# 查看binlog的目录
show global variables like "%log_bin%";

# 查看当前服务器使用的biglog文件及大小
show binary logs;

# 查看最新一个binlog日志文件名称和Position
show master status;

# 清除所有的binlog⽂件，并且重置为⼀个
reset master

清理binlog日志

自动清理：
通过binlog参数（expire_logs_days ）来实现mysql⾃动删除binlog

show binary logs;
show variables like 'expire_logs_days';
set global expire_logs_days=3; # 过期删除，单位是天

手动清理：

1、使⽤reset master 重置binlog⽂件（#reset master后，会造成slave⽆法找到master的严重后果）

2、直接rm本地删除binlog

# 查看正在使用的binlog
show master status;

直接使⽤rm 命令删除不是当前使⽤的binlog(切记不要删除正在使⽤的binlog)

 

mysqlbinlog命令

root@localhost localhost 15:23:43 (none)>show global variables like "%log_bin%";
+---------------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+-----------------------------+
| log_bin | ON |
| log_bin_basename | /data/mysql/mysql-bin |
| log_bin_index | /data/mysql/mysql-bin.index |
| log_bin_trust_function_creators | ON |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events | OFF |
+---------------------------------+-----------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

root@localhost localhost 15:29:21 test1>show global variables like "binlog_format";
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| binlog_format | ROW |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

root@localhost localhost 15:25:06 abc>create database test1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

root@localhost localhost 15:25:28 abc>use test1;
Database changed
root@localhost localhost 15:25:34 test1>CREATE TABLE `abc` (
-> `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
-> `c1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
-> PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
-> KEY `shouji` (`c1`) USING BTREE
-> ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

root@localhost localhost 15:26:12 test1>insert into abc(c1) values (1);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.13 sec)

root@localhost localhost 15:26:23 test1>insert into abc(c1) values (2),(3);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

root@localhost localhost 15:26:43 test1>delete from abc where id=2;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

root@localhost localhost 15:26:58 test1>select * from abc;
+----+------+
| id | c1 |
+----+------+
| 1 | 1 |
| 3 | 3 |
+----+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

root@localhost localhost 15:47:38 test1>show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1361 | | | 0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:1-5 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

root@localhost localhost 15:48:27 test1>show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000001'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 4
Event_type: Format_desc
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 123
Info: Server ver: 5.7.19-log, Binlog ver: 4
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 123
Event_type: Previous_gtids
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 150
Info:
*************************** 3. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 150
Event_type: Gtid
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 211
Info: SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:1'
*************************** 4. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 211
Event_type: Query
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 304
Info: create database test1
*************************** 5. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 304
Event_type: Gtid
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 365
Info: SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:2'
*************************** 6. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 365
Event_type: Query
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 629
Info: use `test1`; CREATE TABLE `abc` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`c1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `shouji` (`c1`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
*************************** 7. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 629
Event_type: Gtid
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 690
Info: SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:3'
*************************** 8. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 690
Event_type: Query
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 759
Info: BEGIN
*************************** 9. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 759
Event_type: Table_map
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 803
Info: table_id: 220 (test1.abc)
*************************** 10. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 803
Event_type: Write_rows
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 843
Info: table_id: 220 flags: STMT_END_F
*************************** 11. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 843
Event_type: Xid
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 870
Info: COMMIT /* xid=52 */
*************************** 12. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 870
Event_type: Gtid
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 931
Info: SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:4'
*************************** 13. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 931
Event_type: Query
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 1000
Info: BEGIN
*************************** 14. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 1000
Event_type: Table_map
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 1044
Info: table_id: 220 (test1.abc)
*************************** 15. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 1044
Event_type: Write_rows
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 1093
Info: table_id: 220 flags: STMT_END_F
*************************** 16. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 1093
Event_type: Xid
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 1120
Info: COMMIT /* xid=53 */
*************************** 17. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 1120
Event_type: Gtid
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 1181
Info: SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:5'
*************************** 18. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 1181
Event_type: Query
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 1250
Info: BEGIN
*************************** 19. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 1250
Event_type: Table_map
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 1294
Info: table_id: 220 (test1.abc)
*************************** 20. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 1294
Event_type: Delete_rows
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 1334
Info: table_id: 220 flags: STMT_END_F
*************************** 21. row ***************************
Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
Pos: 1334
Event_type: Xid
Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 1361
Info: COMMIT /* xid=54 */
21 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

下面是mysqlbinlog命令的参数，摘自官方文档

选项名称描述引用弃用
--base64-output
 使用base-64编码打印二进制日志条目    
--bind-address 使用指定的网络接口连接到MySQL Server    
--binlog-row-event-max-size 二进制日志最大事件大小    
--character-sets-dir 字符集的安装目录    
--connection-server-id 用于测试和调试。有关适用的默认值和其他详细信息，请参见文本 5.7.5  
--database
 仅列出该数据库的条目    
--debug 编写调试日志    
--debug-check 程序退出时打印调试信息    
--debug-info 程序退出时打印调试信息，内存和CPU统计信息    
--default-auth 身份验证插件使用    
--defaults-extra-file 除了通常的选项文件，还读取命名的选项文件    
--defaults-file 只读命名的选项文件    
--defaults-group-suffix 选项组后缀值    
--disable-log-bin 禁用二进制日志记录    
--exclude-gtids 不要显示提供的GTID集中的任何组    
--force-if-open 读取二进制日志文件，即使打开或未正确关闭    
--force-read 如果mysqlbinlog读取了无法识别的二进制日志事件，则会输出警告    
--get-server-public-key 从服务器请求RSA公钥 5.7.23  
--help 显示帮助信息并退出    
--hexdump 显示登录注释的十六进制转储    
--host MySQL服务器所在的主机    
--idempotent 仅在处理来自此会话的二进制日志更新时，导致服务器使用幂等模式 5.7.0  
--include-gtids 仅显示提供的GTID集中的组    
--local-load 在指定目录中为LOAD DATA准备本地临时文件    
--login-path 从.mylogin.cnf中读取登录路径选项    
--no-defaults 不读取选项文件    
--offset 跳过日志中的前N个条目    
open_files_limit 指定要保留的打开文件描述符的数量    
--password 连接服务器时使用的密码    
--plugin-dir 安装插件的目录    
--port 用于连接的TCP / IP端口号    
--print-defaults 打印默认选项    
--protocol 使用的连接协议    
--raw 将事件以原始（二进制）格式写入输出文件    
--read-from-remote-master 从MySQL主服务器读取二进制日志，而不是读取本地日志文件    
--read-from-remote-server 从MySQL服务器而不是本地日志文件中读取二进制日志    
--result-file 直接输出到命名文件    
--rewrite-db 从基于行的格式编写的日志中播放时，为数据库创建重写规则。可多次使用 5.7.1  
--secure-auth 不要以旧（4.1之前）格式向服务器发送密码 5.7.4 5.7.5
--server-id 仅提取由具有给定服务器ID的服务器创建的那些事件    
--server-id-bits 告诉mysqlbinlog当mysqld编写的server-id-bits设置为小于最大值时，如何解释二进制日志中的服务器ID；仅受MySQL Cluster版本的mysqlbinlog支持    
--server-public-key-path 包含RSA公钥的文件的路径名 5.7.23  
--set-charset 在输出中添加SET NAMES charset_name语句    
--shared-memory-base-name 用于共享内存连接的共享内存的名称    
--short-form 仅显示日志中包含的语句    
--skip-gtids 不要打印任何GTID。从包含GTID的二进制日志写入转储文件时使用此功能    
--socket Unix套接字文件或Windows命名管道使用    
--ssl 启用连接加密 5.7.3  
--ssl-ca 包含受信任的SSL证书颁发机构列表的文件 5.7.3  
--ssl-capath 包含受信任的SSL证书颁发机构证书文件的目录 5.7.3  
--ssl-cert 包含X.509证书的文件 5.7.3  
--ssl-cipher 连接加密的允许密码 5.7.3  
--ssl-crl 包含证书吊销列表的文件    
--ssl-crlpath 包含证书吊销列表文件的目录    
--ssl-key 包含X.509密钥的文件 5.7.3  
--ssl-mode 与服务器连接的所需安全状态 5.7.11  
--ssl-verify-server-cert 根据服务器证书的公用名身份验证主机名 5.7.3  
--start-datetime 从第一个事件中读取时间戳等于或晚于datetime参数的二进制日志    
--start-position 从位置等于或大于参数的第一个事件读取二进制日志    
--stop-datetime 在时间戳等于或大于datetime参数的第一个事件时停止读取二进制日志    
--stop-never 读取最后一个二进制日志文件后保持与服务器的连接    
--stop-never-slave-server-id 连接到服务器时要报告的从服务器ID    
--stop-position 在第一个事件中停止读取二进制日志，且位置等于或大于参数    
--tls-version 允许的TLS协议进行加密连接 5.7.10  
--to-last-log 不要在从MySQL服务器请求的二进制日志的结尾处停止，而要继续打印到最后一个二进制日志的结尾    
--user 连接服务器时要使用的MySQL用户名    
--verbose 将行事件重建为SQL语句    
--verify-binlog-checksum 验证二进制日志中的校验和    

 

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000001 >/data/tmp/mysqlbinlog.sql
[root@localhost mysql]# cat /data/tmp/mysqlbinlog.sql
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#200107 15:45:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 123     Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.7.19-log created 200107 15:45:15 at startup
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
BINLOG '
CzcUXg9/Xg8AdwAAAHsAAAABAAQANS43LjE5LWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALNxReEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAXwAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAACgoKKioAEjQA
AEJXKj0=
'/*!*/;
# at 123
#200107 15:45:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 150     Previous-GTIDs
# [empty]
# at 150
#200107 15:45:53 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 211     GTID    last_committed=0    sequence_number=1    rbr_only=no
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:1'/*!*/;
# at 211
#200107 15:45:53 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 304     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383153/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=3/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1344274432/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8mb4 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=224,@@session.collation_connection=224,@@session.collation_server=224/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
create database test1
/*!*/;
# at 304
#200107 15:46:38 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 365     GTID    last_committed=1    sequence_number=2    rbr_only=no
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:2'/*!*/;
# at 365
#200107 15:46:38 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 629     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
use `test1`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383198/*!*/;
CREATE TABLE `abc` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`c1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `shouji` (`c1`) USING BTREE
 ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
/*!*/;
# at 629
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 690     GTID    last_committed=2    sequence_number=3    rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:3'/*!*/;
# at 690
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 759     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383235/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 759
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 803     Table_map: `test1`.`abc` mapped to number 220
# at 803
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 843     Write_rows: table id 220 flags: STMT_END_F

BINLOG '
gzcUXhN/Xg8ALAAAACMDAAAAANwAAAAAAAEABXRlc3QxAANhYmMAAgMDAAI=
gzcUXh5/Xg8AKAAAAEsDAAAAANwAAAAAAAEAAgAC//wBAAAAAQAAAA==
'/*!*/;
# at 843
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 870     Xid = 52
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 870
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 931     GTID    last_committed=3    sequence_number=4    rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:4'/*!*/;
# at 931
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1000     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383243/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 1000
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1044     Table_map: `test1`.`abc` mapped to number 220
# at 1044
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1093     Write_rows: table id 220 flags: STMT_END_F

BINLOG '
izcUXhN/Xg8ALAAAABQEAAAAANwAAAAAAAEABXRlc3QxAANhYmMAAgMDAAI=
izcUXh5/Xg8AMQAAAEUEAAAAANwAAAAAAAEAAgAC//wCAAAAAgAAAPwDAAAAAwAAAA==
'/*!*/;
# at 1093
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1120     Xid = 53
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 1120
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1181     GTID    last_committed=4    sequence_number=5    rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:5'/*!*/;
# at 1181
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1250     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383250/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 1250
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1294     Table_map: `test1`.`abc` mapped to number 220
# at 1294
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1334     Delete_rows: table id 220 flags: STMT_END_F

BINLOG '
kjcUXhN/Xg8ALAAAAA4FAAAAANwAAAAAAAEABXRlc3QxAANhYmMAAgMDAAI=
kjcUXiB/Xg8AKAAAADYFAAAAANwAAAAAAAEAAgAC//wCAAAAAgAAAA==
'/*!*/;
# at 1334
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1361     Xid = 54
COMMIT/*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;

发现有很多base64编码的BINLOG语句，比如

BINLOG '
CzcUXg9/Xg8AdwAAAHsAAAABAAQANS43LjE5LWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALNxReEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAXwAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAACgoKKioAEjQA
AEJXKj0=
'/*!*/;
这样的，这就需要加上--base64-output=DECODE-ROWS --verbose来解成一个sql语句。
[root@localhost mysql]# mysqlbinlog --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS -v mysql-bin.000001 >/data/tmp/mysqlbinlog2.sql
[root@localhost mysql]# cat /data/tmp/mysqlbinlog2.sql
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#200107 15:45:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 123     Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.7.19-log created 200107 15:45:15 at startup
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
# at 123
#200107 15:45:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 150     Previous-GTIDs
# [empty]
# at 150
#200107 15:45:53 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 211     GTID    last_committed=0    sequence_number=1    rbr_only=no
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:1'/*!*/;
# at 211
#200107 15:45:53 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 304     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383153/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=3/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1344274432/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8mb4 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=224,@@session.collation_connection=224,@@session.collation_server=224/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
create database test1
/*!*/;
# at 304
#200107 15:46:38 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 365     GTID    last_committed=1    sequence_number=2    rbr_only=no
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:2'/*!*/;
# at 365
#200107 15:46:38 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 629     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
use `test1`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383198/*!*/;
CREATE TABLE `abc` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`c1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `shouji` (`c1`) USING BTREE
 ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
/*!*/;
# at 629
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 690     GTID    last_committed=2    sequence_number=3    rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:3'/*!*/;
# at 690
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 759     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383235/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 759
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 803     Table_map: `test1`.`abc` mapped to number 220
# at 803
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 843     Write_rows: table id 220 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `test1`.`abc`
### SET
###   @1=1
###   @2=1
# at 843
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 870     Xid = 52
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 870
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 931     GTID    last_committed=3    sequence_number=4    rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:4'/*!*/;
# at 931
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1000     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383243/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 1000
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1044     Table_map: `test1`.`abc` mapped to number 220
# at 1044
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1093     Write_rows: table id 220 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `test1`.`abc`
### SET
###   @1=2
###   @2=2
### INSERT INTO `test1`.`abc`
### SET
###   @1=3
###   @2=3
# at 1093
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1120     Xid = 53
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 1120
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1181     GTID    last_committed=4    sequence_number=5    rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:5'/*!*/;
# at 1181
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1250     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383250/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 1250
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1294     Table_map: `test1`.`abc` mapped to number 220
# at 1294
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1334     Delete_rows: table id 220 flags: STMT_END_F
### DELETE FROM `test1`.`abc`
### WHERE
###   @1=2
###   @2=2
# at 1334
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1361     Xid = 54
COMMIT/*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;

这样就能看出来具体的sql了。

还可以根据时间来筛选语句：

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqlbinlog --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS -v --start-datetime="2020-01-07 15:47:14" --stop-datetime="2020-01-07 15:47:24" mysql-bin.000001 >/data/tmp/mysqlbinlog3.sql
[root@localhost mysql]# cat /data/tmp/mysqlbinlog3.sql
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#200107 15:45:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 123     Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.7.19-log created 200107 15:45:15 at startup
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
# at 629
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 690     GTID    last_committed=2    sequence_number=3    rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:3'/*!*/;
# at 690
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 759     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383235/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=3/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1344274432/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8mb4 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=224,@@session.collation_connection=224,@@session.collation_server=224/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 759
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 803     Table_map: `test1`.`abc` mapped to number 220
# at 803
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 843     Write_rows: table id 220 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `test1`.`abc`
### SET
###   @1=1
###   @2=1
# at 843
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 870     Xid = 52
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 870
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 931     GTID    last_committed=3    sequence_number=4    rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:4'/*!*/;
# at 931
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1000     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383243/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 1000
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1044     Table_map: `test1`.`abc` mapped to number 220
# at 1044
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1093     Write_rows: table id 220 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `test1`.`abc`
### SET
###   @1=2
###   @2=2
### INSERT INTO `test1`.`abc`
### SET
###   @1=3
###   @2=3
# at 1093
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1120     Xid = 53
COMMIT/*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;

 

根据位置筛选，比我我们上面用show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000001'\G;看到的有条删除类型的语句

*************************** 20. row ***************************
   Log_name: mysql-bin.000001
        Pos: 1294
 Event_type: Delete_rows
  Server_id: 1007231
End_log_pos: 1334
       Info: table_id: 220 flags: STMT_END_F

 

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqlbinlog --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS -v  --stop-position="1334" mysql-bin.000001 >/data/tmp/mysqlbinlog4.sql
[root@localhost mysql]# cat /data/tmp/mysqlbinlog4.sql
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#200107 15:45:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 123     Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.7.19-log created 200107 15:45:15 at startup
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
# at 123
#200107 15:45:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 150     Previous-GTIDs
# [empty]
# at 150
#200107 15:45:53 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 211     GTID    last_committed=0    sequence_number=1    rbr_only=no
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:1'/*!*/;
# at 211
#200107 15:45:53 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 304     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383153/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=3/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1344274432/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8mb4 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=224,@@session.collation_connection=224,@@session.collation_server=224/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
create database test1
/*!*/;
# at 304
#200107 15:46:38 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 365     GTID    last_committed=1    sequence_number=2    rbr_only=no
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:2'/*!*/;
# at 365
#200107 15:46:38 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 629     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
use `test1`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383198/*!*/;
CREATE TABLE `abc` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`c1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `shouji` (`c1`) USING BTREE
 ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
/*!*/;
# at 629
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 690     GTID    last_committed=2    sequence_number=3    rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:3'/*!*/;
# at 690
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 759     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383235/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 759
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 803     Table_map: `test1`.`abc` mapped to number 220
# at 803
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 843     Write_rows: table id 220 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `test1`.`abc`
### SET
###   @1=1
###   @2=1
# at 843
#200107 15:47:15 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 870     Xid = 52
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 870
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 931     GTID    last_committed=3    sequence_number=4    rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:4'/*!*/;
# at 931
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1000     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383243/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 1000
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1044     Table_map: `test1`.`abc` mapped to number 220
# at 1044
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1093     Write_rows: table id 220 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `test1`.`abc`
### SET
###   @1=2
###   @2=2
### INSERT INTO `test1`.`abc`
### SET
###   @1=3
###   @2=3
# at 1093
#200107 15:47:23 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1120     Xid = 53
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 1120
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1181     GTID    last_committed=4    sequence_number=5    rbr_only=yes
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '0f943fa6-3117-11ea-a98d-005056b351ef:5'/*!*/;
# at 1181
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1250     Query    thread_id=3    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1578383250/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 1250
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1294     Table_map: `test1`.`abc` mapped to number 220
# at 1294
#200107 15:47:30 server id 1007231  end_log_pos 1334     Delete_rows: table id 220 flags: STMT_END_F
### DELETE FROM `test1`.`abc`
### WHERE
###   @1=2
###   @2=2
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;

其他选项可以根据需求添加使用。

 
posted @ 2020-01-07 17:13  王2  阅读(1421)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报