POJ 半平面交

一些半平面交的题目,整理一下。

多边形的核问题

多边形的核指的是多边形内能够“看到”多边形所有顶点的点集,判断方法是用多边形所有的边切割原来的多边形,得到的新区域就是多边形的核。

判断多边形的核是否存在:

POJ 3335

POJ 3130

POJ 1474

求多边形的核的面积:

POJ 1279

View Code
//#pragma comment(linker,"/STACK:327680000,327680000")
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <vector>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <set>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
#include <sstream>
#include <stack>
#include <map>
#include <queue>

#define CL(arr, val)    memset(arr, val, sizeof(arr))
#define REP(i, n)       for((i) = 0; (i) < (n); ++(i))
#define FOR(i, l, h)    for((i) = (l); (i) <= (h); ++(i))
#define FORD(i, h, l)   for((i) = (h); (i) >= (l); --(i))
#define L(x)    (x) << 1
#define R(x)    (x) << 1 | 1
#define MID(l, r)   (l + r) >> 1
#define Min(x, y)   (x) < (y) ? (x) : (y)
#define Max(x, y)   (x) < (y) ? (y) : (x)
#define E(x)        (1 << (x))
#define iabs(x)     (x) < 0 ? -(x) : (x)
#define OUT(x)  printf("%I64d\n", x)
#define Read()  freopen("data.in", "r", stdin)
#define Write() freopen("data.out", "w", stdout);

typedef long long LL;
const double eps = 1e-8;
const double PI = acos(-1.0);
const int inf = ~0u>>2;

using namespace std;

const int maxn = 1600;

struct Point {
    double x;
    double y;
    Point(double a = 0, double b = 0): x(a), y(b) {}
    void input() {
        scanf("%lf%lf", &x, &y);
    }
};

Point point[maxn], p[maxn], q[maxn];    //读入的多边形的顶点(顺时针)、p为存放最终切割得到的多边形顶点的数组、暂存核的顶点
int cCnt, n;    //此时cCnt为最终切割得到的多边形的顶点数、暂存顶点个数

inline int dbcmp(double x) {    //精度问题
    if(x > eps) return 1;
    else if(x < -eps)   return -1;
    return 0;
}

inline double det(double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2) {    //求叉积
    return x1*y2 - x2*y1;
}

inline void getline(Point x, Point y, double& a, double& b, double& c) {    //点X,Y确定一条直线
    a = y.y - x.y;
    b = x.x - y.x;
    c = y.x*x.y - x.x*y.y;
}

inline Point intersect(Point x, Point y, double a, double b, double c) {    ////求x、y形成的直线与已知直线a、b、c、的交点
    double u = fabs(a*x.x + b*x.y + c);
    double v = fabs(a*y.x + b*y.y + c);
    return Point((x.x*v + y.x*u)/(u + v), (x.y*v + y.y*u)/(u + v));
}

inline void cut(double a, double b, double c) {        //如上图所示,切割
    int cur = 0, i;
    for(i = 1; i <= cCnt; ++i) {
        if(dbcmp(a*p[i].x + b*p[i].y + c) >= 0)  q[++cur] = p[i];    // c由于精度问题,可能会偏小,所以有些点本应在右侧而没在
        else {
            if(dbcmp(a*p[i-1].x + b*p[i-1].y + c) > 0)    //如果p[i-1]在直线的右侧的话,
                //则将p[i],p[i-1]形成的直线与已知直线的交点作为核的一个顶点(这样的话,由于精度的问题,核的面积可能会有所减少)
                q[++cur] = intersect(p[i], p[i-1], a, b, c);
            if(dbcmp(a*p[i+1].x + b*p[i+1].y + c) > 0)
                q[++cur] = intersect(p[i], p[i+1], a, b, c);
        }
    }
    for(i = 1; i <= cur; ++i)   p[i] = q[i];
    p[cur+1] = q[1]; p[0] = p[cur];
    cCnt = cur;
}

double area(Point p[],int n) { //这里是相对于原点(0, 0),也可以在多边形上找一个点作为向量的起点
    double s = 0;
    int i;
    p[n+1].x = p[1].x;
    p[n+1].y = p[1].y;
    for(i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
        s += det(p[i].x, p[i].y, p[i+1].x, p[i+1].y);
    return fabs(s / 2.0);
}

double solve() {    //注意:默认点是顺时针,如果题目不是顺时针,规整化方向
    int i;
    for(i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
        double a, b, c;
        getline(point[i], point[i+1], a, b, c);
        cut(a, b, c);
    }
    return area(p, cCnt);
}

void init() {
    int i;
    FOR(i, 1, n)    point[i].input();
    //FOR(i, 1, n/2)    swap(point[i], point[n-i+1]); //change to clockwise
    point[n+1] = point[1];
    //初始化p[], cCnt
    FOR(i, 1, n)    p[i] = point[i];
    p[n+1] = p[1]; p[0] = p[n];
    cCnt = n;
}

int main() {
    //freopen("data.in", "r", stdin);

    int t;
    scanf("%d", &t);
    while(t--) {
        scanf("%d", &n);
        init();
        printf("%.2f\n", solve());
    }
    return 0;
}

 

半平面交的其它应用

POJ 3525

给出一个多边形,求里面的一个点,其距离离多边形的边界最远,也就是多边形中最大半径圆。
可以使用半平面交+二分法解。二分这个距离,边向内逼近,直到达到精度。

View Code
//#pragma comment(linker,"/STACK:327680000,327680000")
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <vector>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <set>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
#include <sstream>
#include <stack>
#include <map>
#include <queue>

#define CL(arr, val)    memset(arr, val, sizeof(arr))
#define REP(i, n)       for((i) = 0; (i) < (n); ++(i))
#define FOR(i, l, h)    for((i) = (l); (i) <= (h); ++(i))
#define FORD(i, h, l)   for((i) = (h); (i) >= (l); --(i))
#define L(x)    (x) << 1
#define R(x)    (x) << 1 | 1
#define MID(l, r)   (l + r) >> 1
#define Min(x, y)   (x) < (y) ? (x) : (y)
#define Max(x, y)   (x) < (y) ? (y) : (x)
#define E(x)        (1 << (x))
#define iabs(x)     (x) < 0 ? -(x) : (x)
#define OUT(x)  printf("%I64d\n", x)
#define Read()  freopen("data.in", "r", stdin)
#define Write() freopen("data.out", "w", stdout);

typedef long long LL;
const double eps = 1e-6;
const double PI = acos(-1.0);
const int inf = ~0u>>2;

using namespace std;

const int maxn = 1600;

struct Point {
    double x;
    double y;
    Point(double a = 0, double b = 0): x(a), y(b) {}
    void input() {
        scanf("%lf%lf", &x, &y);
    }
};

Point point[maxn], p[maxn], q[maxn];    //读入的多边形的顶点(顺时针)、p为存放最终切割得到的多边形顶点的数组、暂存核的顶点
int cCnt, n;    //此时cCnt为最终切割得到的多边形的顶点数、暂存顶点个数

inline int dbcmp(double x) {    //精度问题
    if(x > eps) return 1;
    else if(x < -eps)   return -1;
    return 0;
}

inline double det(double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2) {    //求叉积
    return x1*y2 - x2*y1;
}

inline void getline(Point x, Point y, double& a, double& b, double& c) {    //点X,Y确定一条直线
    a = y.y - x.y;
    b = x.x - y.x;
    c = y.x*x.y - x.x*y.y;
}

inline Point intersect(Point x, Point y, double a, double b, double c) {    ////求x、y形成的直线与已知直线a、b、c、的交点
    double u = fabs(a*x.x + b*x.y + c);
    double v = fabs(a*y.x + b*y.y + c);
    return Point((x.x*v + y.x*u)/(u + v), (x.y*v + y.y*u)/(u + v));
}

inline void cut(double a, double b, double c) {        //如上图所示,切割
    int cur = 0, i;
    for(i = 1; i <= cCnt; ++i) {
        if(dbcmp(a*p[i].x + b*p[i].y + c) >= 0)  q[++cur] = p[i];    // c由于精度问题,可能会偏小,所以有些点本应在右侧而没在
        else {
            if(dbcmp(a*p[i-1].x + b*p[i-1].y + c) > 0)    //如果p[i-1]在直线的右侧的话,
                //则将p[i],p[i-1]形成的直线与已知直线的交点作为核的一个顶点(这样的话,由于精度的问题,核的面积可能会有所减少)
                q[++cur] = intersect(p[i], p[i-1], a, b, c);
            if(dbcmp(a*p[i+1].x + b*p[i+1].y + c) > 0)
                q[++cur] = intersect(p[i], p[i+1], a, b, c);
        }
    }
    for(i = 1; i <= cur; ++i)   p[i] = q[i];
    p[cur+1] = q[1]; p[0] = p[cur];
    cCnt = cur;
}

bool solve(double r) {    //注意:默认点是顺时针,如果题目不是顺时针,规整化方向


    int i;
    Point pa, pb, pt;
    double Cos, Sin;
    double a, b, c;

    FOR(i, 1, n)    p[i] = point[i];
    p[n+1] = p[1]; p[0] = p[n];
    cCnt = n;

    for(i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
        a = point[i].x - point[i+1].x;    //point[]不是p[]....
        b = point[i+1].y - point[i].y;

        Cos = b/sqrt(a*a + b*b);
        Sin = a/sqrt(a*a + b*b);

        pt = Point(r*Cos, r*Sin);
        pa = Point(point[i].x + pt.x, point[i].y + pt.y);
        pb = Point(point[i+1].x + pt.x, point[i+1].y + pt.y);

        getline(pa, pb, a, b, c);
        cut(a, b, c);
    }
    if(cCnt == 0)   return false;
    return true;
}

double bsearch() {
    double l = 0, r = 10050, mid;
    while(r - l > eps) {
        mid = (l + r)/2;
        if(solve(mid))  l = mid;
        else    r = mid;
    }
    return l;
}

void init() {
    int i;
    FOR(i, 1, n)    point[i].input();
    FOR(i, 1, n/2)    swap(point[i], point[n-i+1]); //change to clockwise
    point[n+1] = point[1];
    //初始化p[], cCnt
    /*
    FOR(i, 1, n)    p[i] = point[i];
    p[n+1] = p[1]; p[0] = p[n];
    cCnt = n;
    */
}

int main() {
    //freopen("data.in", "r", stdin);

    while(scanf("%d", &n), n) {
        init();
        printf("%.6f\n", bsearch());
    }
    return 0;
}

POJ 3384

详见:http://www.cnblogs.com/vongang/archive/2013/01/30/2883209.html

 

posted @ 2013-02-19 16:06  AC_Von  阅读(448)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报