(HTTP)POST and GET
最近，像超级课程表一类的课程表“一件载入”功能很受欢迎，介绍如果通过模拟表单提交形式进入正方教务系统，然后通过HTTP的Post和Get方法去获取数据并解析数据（请注意，本文代码以JAVA APPLICATION代码为例）：
1、先定义所有需要进行POST的表单参数
1 //一般为学号 2 3 String _xh = "********"; 4 5 //登录密码 6 7 String _pw = "********"; 8 9 //网页验证码 10 11 String VIEWSTATE = "dDwtMTIwMTU3OTE3Nzs7PiY97LYM9CAjZFyA2K9ev6jmM0CY"; 12 13 //POST目的地，即服务器IP 14 15 String host = "218.192.12.87"; 16 17 //POST的URL，作为网页redirect时使用 18 19 String main_url = "http://" + host; 20 21 String login_url = main_url + "/";
2、登录前参数的设定，为获取重定向地址（PostMethod）
1 post=new PostMethod(url); 2 3 //设置发送的报文的Header（头文件） 4 5 post.setRequestHeader("Accept","text/html,application/xhtml+xml,**"); 6 7 get.setRequestHeader("Referer",redirt2); 8 9 get.setRequestHeader("Accept-Language","zh-CN"); 10 11 get.setRequestHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0"); 12 13 get.setRequestHeader("Accept-Encoding","gzip,deflate"); 14 15 get.setRequestHeader("ContentType","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"); 16 17 get.setRequestHeader("Host", "jwc.gduf.edu.cn"); 18 19 get.setRequestHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive"); 20 21 get.setRequestHeader("Cookie", "Hm_lvt_8e7618a5b224acaa4f4f5c648598f4bd=1357386046,1357450972,1357574780,1357649227"); 22 23 //设置要进行查询提交的参数 24 25 NameValuePair[] param2 = { new NameValuePair("xh",_xh), 26 27 new NameValuePair("xm",+*******"), 28 29 new NameValuePair("gnmkdm","N121601"), 30 31 } ; 32 33 // 将参数放入postMethod中 34 35 get.setQueryString(param2); 36 37 get.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.HTTP_CONTENT_CHARSET,"gb2312");
3、设置重定向地址方法
1 String locationHeader = null; 2 3 //遇到报错302时 4 5 if(statusCode == 302){ 6 7 locationHeader = post.getResponseHeader("location").getValue(); 8 9 }else if (locationHeader == null) { 10 11 return main_url+"/"; 12 13 } 14 15 return main_url+locationHeader;
4、进行POST提交表单
1 //进行第一次登陆参数配置 2 3 firstPost(login_url); 4 5 // 执行postMethod 6 7 statusCode = httpclient.executeMethod(post); 8 9 // HttpClient对于要求接受后继服务的请求，像POST和PUT等不能自动处理转发（错误代号为301或者302） 10 11 if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY || statusCode ==HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY) { 12 13 // 从头中取出转向的地址 14 15 locationHeader = post.getResponseHeader("location"); 16 17 if (locationHeader != null) { 18 19 //正式从重定位地址进行登陆 20 21 redirt1 = getRedirectLocation(); 22 23 firstPost(redirt1); 24 25 statusCode = httpclient.executeMethod(post); 26 27 if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY || statusCode ==HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY) { 28 29 locationHeader = post.getResponseHeader("location"); 30 31 if (locationHeader != null) { 32 33 redirt2 = getRedirectLocation(); 34 35 } 36 37 } else { 38 39 System.err.println("Url指定文件地址错误！"); 40 41 } 42 43 }
5、登录后参数的设定，为获取数据（GetMethod）
1 get=new GetMethod(url); 2 3 get.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER, new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler()); 4 5 get.getParams().setCookiePolicy(CookiePolicy.IGNORE_COOKIES); 6 7 //设置发送的报文的Header 8 9 get.setRequestHeader("Accept","text/html,application/xhtml+xml,*/*"); 10 11 get.setRequestHeader("Referer",redirt2); 12 13 get.setRequestHeader("Accept-Language","zh-CN"); 14 15 get.setRequestHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0"); 16 17 get.setRequestHeader("Accept-Encoding","gzip,deflate"); 18 19 get.setRequestHeader("ContentType","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"); 20 21 get.setRequestHeader("Host", "jwc.gduf.edu.cn"); 22 23 get.setRequestHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive"); 24 25 get.setRequestHeader("Cookie", "Hm_lvt_8e7618a5b224acaa4f4f5c648598f4bd=1357386046,1357450972,1357574780,1357649227"); 26 27 //设置要进行查询提交的参数 28 29 NameValuePair[] param2 = { 30 31 new NameValuePair("xh",_xh), 32 33 new NameValuePair("xm","********"), 34 35 new NameValuePair("gnmkdm","N121601"), 36 37 } ; 38 39 // 将参数放入postMethod中 40 41 get.setQueryString(param2); 42 43 get.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.HTTP_CONTENT_CHARSET,"gb2312");
6、嗅探指定页面的代码(GetMethod)
1 firstget(redirt2.subSequence(0,48)+"tjkbcx.aspx"); 2 3 byte[] responseBody = null; 4 5 int statusCode = httpclient.executeMethod(get); 6 7 if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) { 8 9 System.err.println("Method failed: " + get.getStatusLine()); 10 11 } 12 13 responseBody = get.getResponseBody();
注：POST过程中所要提交表单的数据都可以通过HTTPWATCH等软件监控得到，网上都有这些教程。本人为菜鸟，如有错误请指出，如愿获取全部代码，可关注本人并评论。
