（持续补充）使用selenium启动浏览器遇到的问题汇总

使用selenium启动浏览器遇到的问题汇总：

问题一：可以打开浏览器，但浏览器的地址栏一直显示：data; idea控制台报错：java.io.IOException: Invalid Status code=403 text=Forbidden

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/software/idea/jmeter/apache-jmeter-5.5_src/apache-jmeter-5.5/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.17.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/C:/Users/11303/.m2/repository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-slf4j-impl/2.17.0/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.17.0.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
Starting ChromeDriver 125.0.6422.78 (14db42ec38aded3304a3e624a0a038e02956b87e-refs/branch-heads/6422@{#1088}) on port 57184
Only local connections are allowed.
Please see https://chromedriver.chromium.org/security-considerations for suggestions on keeping ChromeDriver safe.
ChromeDriver was started successfully.
5�� 25, 2024 5:37:31 ���� org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession
��Ϣ: Detected dialect: W3C
5�� 25, 2024 5:37:31 ���� org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.WebSocket$Listener onError
����: Invalid Status code=403 text=Forbidden
java.io.IOException: Invalid Status code=403 text=Forbidden
    at org.asynchttpclient.netty.handler.WebSocketHandler.abort(WebSocketHandler.java:92)
    at org.asynchttpclient.netty.handler.WebSocketHandler.handleRead(WebSocketHandler.java:118)
    at org.asynchttpclient.netty.handler.AsyncHttpClientHandler.channelRead(AsyncHttpClientHandler.java:78)
    at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:379)
    at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:365)
    at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.fireChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:357)
    at io.netty.channel.CombinedChannelDuplexHandler$DelegatingChannelHandlerContext.fireChannelRead(CombinedChannelDuplexHandler.java:436)
    at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.fireChannelRead(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:324)
    at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.fireChannelRead(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:311)
    at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.callDecode(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:432)
    at io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder.channelRead(ByteToMessageDecoder.java:276)

解决办法：启动浏览器时对浏览器进行设置：options.addArguments("--remote-allow-origins=*");

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--remote-allow-origins=*");
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com");

 

问题二：启动selenium失败，提示ImmutableList找不到

原因：项目依赖问题，ImmutableList类默认在google-collections依赖里面，而该依赖已经迁移到guava（在mvnrepository官网可以查询到：google-collections Relocated -> com.google.guava》guava）

解决方法：在本地项目pom.xml添加guava依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.guava<groupId>
    <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
    <version>33.1.1-jre</version>
</dependency>

 

问题三：启动selenium报错：

Possible causes are invalid address of the remote server or browser start-up failure 
...
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError：org/apache/commons/exec/Executor
...

原因：jvm虚拟机在执行时找不到特定类而报错，可能原因是本地项目依赖了其他第三方依赖的Executor类，而该类又不是启动selenium所需要的

解决方法：在本地项目pom.xml添加commons-exec依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.commons<groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-exec</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>