面向对象之基础等相关内容-24
1.面向对象
# 1、如何基于面向对象的思想写程序
# 例1
# 学生的数据
# stu_name = "egon"
# stu_age = 18
# stu_gender = "male"
# 学生的功能
# def choose(name, age, gender):
# print('%s:%s:%s 正在选课' % (name, age, gender))
# choose(stu_name,stu_age,stu_gender)
# 例2：基于对象式的思想进行改写
# def choose(stu_self):
# print('%s:%s:%s 正在选课' % (stu_self["stu_name"], stu_self["stu_age"],stu_self["stu_gender"],))
#
# stu_obj = {
# "stu_name": "egon",
# "stu_age": 18,
# "stu_gender": "male",
# "choose":choose
# }
# print(stu_obj["stu_name"])
# stu_obj["choose"](stu_obj)
# python提供专门的语法来更漂亮地实现面向对象编程，什么语法？？？
'''
学生对象1
数据：
名字 = "冯疯子"
年龄 = 18
性别 = "female"
学生对象2
数据：
名字 = "郭靖"
年龄 = 19
性别 = "male"
学生对象3
数据：
名字 = "大雕"
年龄 = 200
性别 = "male"
学生的类
相同的数据
学校 = "oldboy"
相同的功能
选课
'''
# 类体代码会在类定义阶段立刻执行，然后将产生的名字都丢到类的名称空间中
class Student:
# 相同的数据
school = "oldboy"
# 相同的功能
def choose(self):
print("正在选课")
# print('====>')
stu_obj1=Student()
stu_obj2=Student()
stu_obj3=Student()
stu_obj1.name = "冯疯子" # stu1_obj1.__dict__["name"] = "冯疯子"
stu_obj1.age = 18
stu_obj1.gender = "female"
stu_obj2.name = "郭靖"
stu_obj2.age = 19
stu_obj2.gender = "male"
stu_obj3.name = "大雕"
stu_obj3.age = 200
stu_obj3.gender = "male"
# print(stu_obj1.name)
# stu_obj1.school = "xxx"
# print(stu_obj1.school)
# print(Student.__dict__)
print(stu_obj1.__dict__)
print(stu_obj2.__dict__)
print(stu_obj3.__dict__)
2.初始化方法
# =============================>例1
# class Student:
# school = "oldboy"
#
# def choose(self):
# print("正在选课")
#
# stu_obj1=Student()
# stu_obj2=Student()
# stu_obj3=Student()
# stu_obj1.name = "冯疯子"
# stu_obj1.age = 18
# stu_obj1.gender = "female"
#
# stu_obj2.name = "郭靖"
# stu_obj2.age = 19
# stu_obj2.gender = "male"
#
# stu_obj3.name = "大雕"
# stu_obj3.age = 200
# stu_obj3.gender = "male"
# # ============================>例2：
# class Student:
# school = "oldboy"
#
# def choose(self):
# print("正在选课")
#
# stu_obj1 = Student()
# stu_obj2 = Student()
# stu_obj3 = Student()
#
# def init(obj, x, y, z):
# obj.name = x
# obj.age = y
# obj.gender = z
#
# init(stu_obj1, "冯疯子", 18, "female")
# init(stu_obj2, "郭靖", 19, "male")
# init(stu_obj3, "大雕", 200, "male")
# ============================>例3：
class Student:
school = "oldboy"
# 空对象
def __init__(obj, x, y, z):
obj.name = x
obj.age = y
obj.gender = z
# return None # 只能返回None
def choose(self):
print("正在选课")
# 调用类：
# 1、创建一个空对象与类相关
# 2、把空对象、"冯疯子", 18, "female"一起传给__init__方法，完成对象的初始化
# 3、赋值符号把初始化好的对象的内存地址绑定变量名stu_obj1
stu_obj1 = Student("冯疯子", 18, "female")
stu_obj2 = Student("郭靖", 19, "male")
stu_obj3 = Student("大雕", 200, "male")
print(Student.__dict__)
print(stu_obj1.__dict__)
# 优先级
# 先从对象的字典里找，没有，再去类的字典中找
class Student:
school = "oldboy"
def __init__(obj, x, y, z):
obj.name = x
obj.age = y
obj.gender = z
def choose(self):
print("%s 正在选课" %self.name)
stu_obj1 = Student("冯疯子", 18, "female")
stu_obj2 = Student("郭靖", 19, "male")
stu_obj3 = Student("大雕", 200, "male")
# 1、类中定义的数据是直接共享给所有对象使用的
# print(id(stu_obj1.school))
# print(id(stu_obj2.school))
# print(id(stu_obj3.school))
# print(id(Student.school))
# Student.school="xxx"
# print(stu_obj1.school)
# print(stu_obj2.school)
# print(stu_obj3.school)
# print(Student.choose)
# print(stu_obj1.choose)
# print(stu_obj2.choose)
# print(stu_obj3.choose)
# 2、类中定义的函数是绑定给所有对象用的，绑定给谁就应该由哪个对象来调用
# 对象.绑定方法()会把对象当作第一个参数传入
# 类.函数()就是一个函数的玩法，没有自动传参的效果
# Student.choose(123123123)
stu_obj3.choose()
stu_obj2.choose()
stu_obj1.choose()
