SpringBoot学习笔记——spring security

Spring Security是提供了认证，鉴权以及其他的安全特性的java框架，下面是Spring Security的使用教程

1.引入依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

引入依赖用会发现请求所有的接口都会跳转到 /login，要求你进行账号密码的认证

 

其默认的用户是user，密码会在日志中打印出来，Using generated security password: xxxxxxxx

账号密码正确后，接口就可以正常请求，且一般情况下同一个电脑同一个浏览器下的session是共享的，比如同个浏览器下多个窗口的session id是相同的

如果想自定义认证的方式的话，可以通过继承 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter 的方式，重写configure(HttpSecurity http) 方法

不添加的话，默认的配置等于：使用fromLogin()表单方式对所有的request进行httpBasic()账号密码认证

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;

@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        http
                .authorizeRequests()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and().formLogin()
                .and().httpBasic();
    }
}

如果需要添加自定义账号密码，可以通过重写configure(final AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) 方法

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(final AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {

        auth
                .inMemoryAuthentication()
                .withUser("admin")
                .password(this.passwordEncoder().encode("admin"))
                .roles("USER");
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        http
                .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers(HttpMethod.GET, "/login").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and().formLogin()
                .and().httpBasic();
    }

}

这时对非/login的请求，都需要进行认证

需要注意的是，对于POST请求，添加了认证之后，仍然会报403，需要额外关闭csrf

http
	// 关闭csrf
	.csrf().disable();

参考：spring boot post请求403，get请求成功

Security关闭CSRF

 

可以在添加自定义 filter 来实现基于web token的认证

import com.example.demo.jwt.JwtAuthenticationFilter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Resource
    private JwtAuthenticationFilter jwtAuthenticationFilter;

    @Override
    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        http
                .authorizeRequests()
                .anyRequest().authenticated();

        http
                .addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);

    }
}

自定义filter，JwtAuthenticationFilter，在其中对