爬取全部的校园新闻

作业要求：https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE1/homework/3002

0.从新闻url获取点击次数，并整理成函数

• newsUrl
• newsId(re.search())
• clickUrl(str.format())
• requests.get(clickUrl)
• re.search()/.split()
• str.lstrip(),str.rstrip()
• int
• 整理成函数
• 获取新闻发布时间及类型转换也整理成函数

1.从新闻url获取新闻详情： 字典,anews

def click(url):
    id = re.findall('(\d{1,5})',url)[-1]
    clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(id)
    resClick = requests.get(clickUrl)
    newsClick = int(resClick.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');"))
    return newsClick

def newsdt(showinfo):
    newsDate = showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1]
    newsTime = showinfo.split()[1]
    newsDT = newsDate+' '+newsTime
    dt = datetime.strptime(newsDT,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    return dt


def anews(url):
    newsDetail = {}
    res = requests.get(url)
    res.encoding = 'utf-8'
    soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsDetail['newsTitle'] = soup.select('.show-title')[0].text#题目
    showinfo = soup.select('.show-info')[0].text
    newsDetail['newsDT'] = newsdt(showinfo)#时间
    newsDetail['newsClick'] = click(newsUrl)#点击次数
    return newsDetail 
newsUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2019/xiaoyuanxinwen_0404/11155.html'
print(anews(newsUrl))

2.从列表页的url获取新闻url：列表append(字典) alist

def alist(url):
    res=requests.get(listUrl)
    res.encoding='utf-8'
    soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsList=[]
    for news in soup.select('li'):
        if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
            newsUrl=news.select('a')[0]['href']
            newsDest=news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
            newsDict=anews(newsUrl)
            newsDict['newsUrl'] = newsUrl l
            newsDict['description']=newsDest
            newsList.append(newsDict)
    return newsList
listUrl= 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'
alist(listUrl)

3.生成所页列表页的url并获取全部新闻 ：列表extend(列表) allnews

 *每个同学爬学号尾数开始的10个列表页

allnews = []
for i in range(41,51):
    listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i)
    allnews.extend(alist(listUrl)) 

4.设置合理的爬取间隔

import time

import random

time.sleep(random.random()*3)

for i in range(5):
    time.sleep(random.random()*3)

5.用pandas做简单的数据处理并保存

保存到csv或excel文件 

newsdf.to_csv(r'F:\duym\爬虫\gzccnews.csv')

pd.Series(allnews)
newsdf=pd.DataFrame(allnews)
newsdf.to_csv=('tsz.csv'）

 

 6.全部代码

import re
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from datetime import datetime
import requests
import pandas as pd
import time
import random

"点击次数"
def newsClick(newsUrl):
    newsId = re.findall('(\d+)', newsUrl)[-1]
    clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(newsId)
    resClicks = requests.get(clickUrl).text
    resClick = int(re.search("hits'[)].html[(]'(\d*)'[)]", resClicks).groups(0)[0])
    return resClick

"时间"
def newsDateTime(showinfo):
    newsDate = showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1]
    newsTime = showinfo.split()[1]
    newsDateTime = newsDate + ' ' + newsTime
    dateTime = datetime.strptime(newsDateTime, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')  #类型转换
    return dateTime

"新闻字典"
def newsDicts(newsUrl):
    newsText = requests.get(newsUrl)
    newsText.encoding = 'utf-8'
    newsSoup = BeautifulSoup(newsText.text, 'html.parser')
    newsDict = {}
    newsDict['newsTitle'] = newsSoup.select('.show-title')[0].text
    showinfo = newsSoup.select('.show-info')[0].text
    newsDict['newsDateTime'] = newsDateTime(showinfo)
    newsDict['newsClick'] = newsClick(newsUrl)
    return newsDict

"列表"
def newsList(newsUrl):
    newsText = requests.get(newsUrl)
    newsText.encoding = 'utf-8'
    newsSoup = BeautifulSoup(newsText.text, 'html.parser')
    newsList = []
    for news in newsSoup.select('li'):
        if len(news.select('.news-list-title')) > 0:
            url = news.select('a')[0]['href']
            newsDesc = news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
            newsDict = newsDicts(url)
            newsDict['newsUrl'] = url
            newsDict['description'] = newsDesc
            newsList.append(newsDict)
    return newsList

"10页新闻列表"
def allNews():
    allnews = []
    for i in range(41,51):
        newsUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i)
        allnews.extend(newsList(newsUrl))
        time.sleep(random.random() * 3)   #爬取间隔
    return allnews

newsDF = pd.DataFrame(allNews())
newsDF.to_csv('tsz.csv')   #保存为csv文件