因为/etc/hosts文件导致的监听不能启动

http://space.itpub.net/7351078/viewspace-673904

今天遇到一个关于lsnrctl不能启动的问题。

故障如下：

键入：lsnrctl start 监听启动，情况如下图：

[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ lsnrctl start

键入：lsnrctl status，情况如下：

[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ lsnrctl status

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oracle11g)(PORT=1521)))

这个问题我也是第一次遇到，于是查看了一下listener.ora和tnsnames.ora

listener.ora内容如下：

[oracle@oracle11g admin]$ more listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/n etwork/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle11g)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) ) )

tnsnames.ora内容如下：

[oracle@oracle11g admin]$ more tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/product/11.1.0/dbhome_1/n etwork/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

WILSON = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle11g)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = wilson) ) )

没发现有什么问题。于是使用netca重新配置listener，配到一般的时候就不动了。新建一个listener也是这样的问题。

因为看到listener.ora和tnsnames.ora中的“HOST = oracle11g”，所以想到是不是IP地址和主机名不符，于是ping了一下，结果ping不通。

查看/etc/hosts，结果如下：

[oracle@oracle11g admin]$ more /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

192.168.0.2 oracle11g

这才恍然大悟，原来是IP地址和主机名有误。这台电脑现在的IP地址是192.168.1.2。于是修改/etc/hosts中的IP地址为：192.168.1.2。重新运行lsnrctl start，listener成功启动。

总结：

这次listener的问题完全是由于修改IP地址的引起的。

以后修改IP地址的时候要注意修改/etc/hosts，不过以后还是不要修改IP地址了。

Tao

http://space.itpub.net/519536/viewspace-690480

【LISTENER】Oracle监听TNS-12545及TNS-00515错误处理一例

上一篇 / 下一篇 2011-03-25 23:08:28 / 个人分类：故障处理与分析

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Oracle的监听程序与操作系统的设置信息结合的很紧密，稍有不慎便会遇到无法启动的问题。
本文就监听的TNS-12560及TNS-00515错误给出分析及处理方法。

1.TNS-12560及TNS-00515报错现象
1）使用监听status命令获取到的报错信息
ora10g@secdb /home/oracle$ lsnrctl

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 25-MAR-2011 21:18:03

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.

LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=secdb)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12545: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00515: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
   Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

2）使用监听start命令获取到的报错信息
LSNRCTL> start
Starting /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/log/listener.log
Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=secdb)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12545: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00515: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist

Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...

注意这里连续抛出TNS-12545和TNS-00515信息均给出同样的报错内容“Connect failed because target host or object does not exist”。

2.问题原因
/etc/hosts文件内容设置不正确是本例问题的所在。
1）/etc/hosts文件内容如下
[root@secdb ~]# cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1               localhost localhost.localdomain localhost
::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

2）获取主机名信息
[root@secdb ~]# hostname
secdb

导致监听无法正常启动的原因便在这里：hosts文件内容与主机名设置的不一致！

3.问题处理
1）修改hosts文件内容
确保hosts文件中的内容与主机名保持一致。否则便会出现监听无法启动的问题。
[root@secdb ~]# vi /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1               secdb localhost.localdomain localhost
::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
~
~

2）尝试启动监听
LSNRCTL> start
Starting /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=secdb)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=secdb)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                25-MAR-2011 21:20:55
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=secdb)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

3）查看监听状态
稍等片刻，等待数据库实例动态注册到监听中。
LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=secdb)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                25-MAR-2011 21:52:51
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 3 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /oracle/ora10gR2/product/10.2.0/db_2/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=secdb)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ora10g" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ora10g", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ora10gXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ora10g", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ora10g_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ora10g", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ora11g" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ora11g", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

可见，此时监听已经成功启动并运行正常。

4.小结
处理有关监听方面的故障时，多注意观察错误提示信息的内容，60%的情况下错误提示信息本身包含了比较有意义的信息。例如本例中，错误提示反复提到“target host”目标主机这个关键字，可以由此深入进去进行问题排查。

Good luck.

secooler
11.03.25

-- The End --

http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612/article/details/6629043

--========================
-- Oracle 监听器日志配置与管理
--========================
Oracle 监听器是一个服务器端程序，用于监听所有来自客户端的请求，并为其提供数据库服务。因此对监听器的管理与维护相当重要。

本文主要描述对Oracle监听器日志文件的配置与管理。有关监听器的描述请参考

配置 ORACLE 客户端连接到数据库

配置非默认端口的动态服务注册

一、监听器日志特性

1. 监听器日志是一个纯文本文件，通常位于$ORACLE_HOME/network/log目录下，与sqlnet.log日志文件处于同一路径
2. 其缺省的文件名为listener.log。对于非缺省的监听器，则产生的日志文件通常为listenername.log
3. 该文件缺省由监听器自动创建，当日志文件丢失时或不存在时，会自动重新创建一个同名的文件，与alert_<SID>.log文件类似
4. 该文件的尺寸会不断自动增长，当尺寸过大时或不便于阅读时，考虑将其备份
5. Oracle监听器在运行时不允许对日志文件做删除，重命名操作
6. 可以设置日志状态为ON或OFF来实现启用或关闭日志

二、设置日志文件目录及路径

1. 设置日志文件目录的两种方法

[sql] view plain copy print ?

lsnrctl SET LOG_DIRECTORY directory



LSNRCTL> SET LOG_DIRECTORY /usr/oracle/admin/log

2. 设置日志文件的两种方法

[sql] view plain copy print ?

lsnrctl SET LOG_FILE file_name



LSNRCTL> SET LOG_FILE file_name

3. 设置日志的状态

[sql] view plain copy print ?

lsnrctl SET LOG_STATUS {on | off}



LSNRCTL> SET LOG_STATUS {on | off}

4. 演示设置
a. 切换到日志目录查看日志文件

[sql] view plain copy print ?

[oracle@test ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/log

[oracle@test log]$ ls -hltr

total 348K

-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall 305K Apr  6 05:30 listener.log

-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall  26K Jun 27 01:52 listener_demo92.log

b. 查看当前监听器的状态

[sql] view plain copy print ?

[oracle@test log]$ lsnrctl status listener_demo92



LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 9.2.0.8.0 - Production on 27-JUN-2011 01:54:31



Copyright (c) 1991, 2006, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.



Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=test)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     listener_demo92

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 9.2.0.8.0 - Production

Start Date                27-JUN-2011 01:52:18

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 2 min. 13 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /oracle/92/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /oracle/92/network/log/listener_demo92.log

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=test)(PORT=1521)))

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))

Services Summary...

Service "demo92" has 1 instance(s).

             Instance "demo92", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

           The command completed successfully

c. 设置监听器目录及日志文件

[sql] view plain copy print ?

LSNRCTL> set current_listener listener_demo92

Current Listener is listener_demo92

LSNRCTL> set password

Password:

The command completed successfully

LSNRCTL> set log_directory /home/oracle/log

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=test)(PORT=1521)))

listener_demo92 parameter "log_directory" set to /home/oracle/log

The command completed successfully

LSNRCTL> set log_file listener_test.log

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=test)(PORT=1521)))

listener_demo92 parameter "log_file" set to listener_test.log

The command completed successfully

LSNRCTL> set log_status on

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=test)(PORT=1521)))

listener_demo92 parameter "log_status" set to ON

The command completed successfully

LSNRCTL> save_config

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=test)(PORT=1521)))

Saved listener_demo92 configuration parameters.

Listener Parameter File   /oracle/92/network/admin/listener.ora

Old Parameter File   /oracle/92/network/admin/listener.bak

The command completed successfully

LSNRCTL> exit

d. 查看新路径下产生的日志文件

[sql] view plain copy print ?

[oracle@test admin]$ cd /home/oracle/log

[oracle@test log]$ ls -hltr

total 16K

-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall  41 Jun 27 02:11 listener_demo92.log  -->设置目录之后生成的

-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall 113 Jun 27 02:12 listener_test.log    -->设置日志文件名之后的新日志文件



[oracle@test log]$ ls -hltr    -->隔段时间查看，原来的日志文件不再增长，使用设定的日志文件名记录日志

total 16K

-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall   41 Jun 27 02:11 listener_demo92.log

-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall 1.3K Jun 27 02:17 listener_test.log

e. 查看listener.ora配置文件的变化

[sql] view plain copy print ?

[oracle@test admin]$ more listener.ora

#----ADDED BY TNSLSNR 27-JUN-2011 02:12:37---

LOG_DIRECTORY_listener_demo92 = /home/oracle/log

LOG_FILE_listener_demo92 = listener_test.log

LOGGING_listener_demo92 = ON

#--------------------------------------------

三、日志文件的备份与重命名

通常情况下，需要停止监听器来对日志文件进行备份，下面使用不停止监听的情况下对日志文件重命名以实现备份
1. Windows平台的处理

[sql] view plain copy print ?

C:\>cd \oracle\ora92\network\log     -->切换到监听器日志文件所在目录

C:\oracle\ora92\network\log> lsnrctl set log_status off -->暂停或脱机记录日志文件

C:\oracle\ora92\network\log> rename listener.log listener.old -->重命名日志文件，一般加上日期

C:\oracle\ora92\network\log> lsnrctl set log_status on -->联机监听器日志文件，会自动重新创建一个新的日志文件

2. Unix/Linux平台的处理

[sql] view plain copy print ?

$ lsnrctl set log_status off

$ mv listener.log listener.old -->另一种方法，cp listener.log /log/bak/. 然后 cp /dev/null >listener.log

$ lsnrctl set log_status on

3. 演示Linux平台下重命名日志文件

[sql] view plain copy print ?

[oracle@test ~]$ cd /home/oracle/log

[oracle@test log]$ lsnrctl set log_status off  -->如果存在密码，应使用LSNRCTL界面来完成



LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 9.2.0.8.0 - Production on 27-JUN-2011 02:41:09



Copyright (c) 1991, 2006, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.



Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(PORT=1521))

LISTENER parameter "log_status" set to OFF

The command completed successfully

[oracle@test log]$ mv listener_test.log listener_test.old

[oracle@test log]$ lsnrctl set log_status on



LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 9.2.0.8.0 - Production on 27-JUN-2011 02:41:31



Copyright (c) 1991, 2006, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.



Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(PORT=1521))

LISTENER parameter "log_status" set to ON

The command completed successfully