ASP.NET MVC4 路由的配置 十种方法

1.一般来说当学习到配置的时候我像个人对Asp.Net Mvc 已经有了一定的了解了。

      路由是为了响应Http请求的产出物。在Mvc中Global.asax文件作出响应

         protected void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();

            WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);

             //响应的路由配置文件
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);

            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);   
        }

   //  RouteConfig 配置文件位于App_Start文件夹下

 //RegisterRoutes为 系统默认生成

    public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
        {
            routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); //在没有第三方控件的时候  可有可无

            routes.MapRoute(
                name: "Default", //默认路由名称
                url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}", //路径参数     控制器/方法/参数
                defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }    //默认路径对应的  控制器/方法/参数   id = UrlParameter.Optional  意为默认不做指定
            );
        }

配置路由有两种方法（我已知的）

   routes.Add() ;

  routes.MapRoute();

routes.Add() ;是 实例方法

routes.MapRoute() 是RouteCollection的扩展方法

我这里采用的是routes.MapRoute() 方法 使用Add来调用比较复杂

       public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
        {
            routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");  //可有可无，默认存在的

            // 《一》----------------------------------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------
            // routes.MapRoute(
            //    name: "Default",
            //    url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
            //    defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },
            //    constraints: new
            //    {
            //        id = @"^\d*$",  //使用正则使参数具体化
            //        httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint("get")
            //    },// 限制访问方法
            //    namespaces: new[] { "MVC.Controllers" }  //防止有重复 Home  与 Index 出现
            //);
            //<二>----------------------------------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------
            //   routes.MapRoute("", "XM{controller}/{action}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" }, namespaces: new[] { "MVC.Controllers" }); //访问路径前加上  静态字段
            //《三》----------------------------------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------
            //  routes.MapRoute("", "Home/{action}", new { controller = "Admin" }, namespaces: new[] { "MVC.Controllers" });  //更改文件不更改 访问名称
            //<四>----------------------------------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------
            //  routes.MapRoute("", "Home/{action}", new { controller = "Admin", action = "Index" }, namespaces: new[] { "MVC.Controllers" });
            //<五>----------------------------------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------
            //routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}",//MyRoute 以自己命名为准，
            // new
            // {
            //     controller = "Home",
            //     action = "Index",
            //     id = "DefaultId"  //也可以赋值为默认值  UrlParameter.Optional
            // });//给路径定义参数默认值  //取参数在该方法下面使用  Route.data["id"]   来取值  ,同样也可以参数取值  （string id）
            //<六>----------------------------------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------
            // routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}/{*catchall}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional });   //*catchall  可以·获取·参数id  后面的所有“参数”/或“路径”
            //《七》----------------------------------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------
            //routes.MapRoute("MyRoute", "{controller}/{action}/{id}", 
            //    new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },
            //    new { controller = "^H.*", action = "^Index$|^About$" } );
            //使用正则 配置路由    { controller = "^H.*", action = "^Index$|^About$" } //controller 以H打头，action 只能是 Index);
            //<八>----------------------------------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------
            // routes.MapRoute("", "Home/{action}", 
            //new { controller = "Admin", action = "Index", httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint("get") },//限制访问方法  httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint("get")  
            //namespaces: new[] { "MVC.Controllers" }); 
            //《九》自定义路由限制--------------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------
            ////1.第一种  直接在文件中配置完成，参数添加Chrome
            //routes.MapRoute("", "{controller}/{action}",
            //                new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" },
            //                new { customConstraint = new MyRouteConstraint() }, namespaces: new[] { "MVC.Controllers" }  //引入命名空间限制只有谷歌允许访问  添加配置文件 Filters /MyRouteConstraint  继承IRouteConstraint  必须实现方法 Match
            //            );
            ////2.第二种动态配置 在RouteConfig中
            //routes.MapRoute("", "{controller}/{action}",
            //              new { controller = "Home", action = "Index1" },
            //              new { customConstraint = new mySzlConstraint("Firefox") }, namespaces: new[] { "MVC.Controllers" }  //引入命名空间限制只有火狐允许访问  添加配置文件 Filters/mySzlConstraint  继承IRouteConstraint  必须实现方法 Match
            //          );

            //routes.MapRoute("", "{controller}/{action}",
            //        new { controller = "Admin", action = "Index" },
            //       namespaces: new[] { "MVC.Controllers" }  //引入命名空间限制只有谷歌允许访问
            //    );
            //《第十种》添加静态页面掩饰掉 真正的路由访问路径------------添加文件Commom/myPage--------------  -----------------------  -----------------------  -----------------------
            //一.
            ////1.设置 routes.RouteExistingFiles = true;
            //routes.RouteExistingFiles = true;
            ////2.删除 IIS  配置文件，Control+F找到UrlRoutingModule-4.0，将这个节点的preCondition属性改为空
            //routes.MapRoute("myPage", "Commom/myPage.html",
            //        new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", }, namespaces: new[] { "MVC.Controllers" });
            //二
            //1.添加配置  
            routes.RouteExistingFiles = true;
            //2.设置 routes.IgnoreRoute
            routes.IgnoreRoute("Commom/{file}.html");
            routes.MapRoute("", "Commom/myPage.html",
              new { controller = "Home", action = "Index5", });

        }

外部添加的文件
《1》
     public class MyRouteConstraint : IRouteConstraint
    {

        public bool Match(HttpContextBase httpContext, Route route, string parameterName, RouteValueDictionary values, RouteDirection routeDirection)
        {
            return httpContext.Request.UserAgent.Contains("Chrome");
        }
    }
《2》
 public class mySzlConstraint : IRouteConstraint
    {
        private string myParam;//定义自己的参数 自己可访问

        public mySzlConstraint(string agentParam)
        {
            myParam = agentParam;  //构造函数
        }

       /// <summary>
       /// 实现 方法Match
       /// </summary>
       /// <param name="httpContext"> 一个数据上下文</param>
        /// <param name="route">定义路由</param>
       /// <param name="parameterName"> </param>
       /// <param name="values"></param>
       /// <param name="routeDirection"></param>
       /// <returns></returns>
        public bool Match(HttpContextBase httpContext, Route route, string parameterName,
            RouteValueDictionary values, RouteDirection routeDirection)
        {

            return httpContext.Request.UserAgent != null
                && httpContext.Request.UserAgent.Contains(myParam);
        }