利用css+原生js制作简易钟表

利用css+原生js制作简单的钟表。效果如下所示

 

实现该效果,分三大块:html、javascript、css

html部分
html部分比较简单,定义一个clock的div,内部有原点、时分秒针、日期以及时间,至于钟表上的刻度、数字等元素,因为量比较多,采用jvascript生成 

 1 <!doctype html>
 2 <html>
 3 <head>
 4   <meta charset="UTF-8">
 5   <link rel='stylesheet' href='外部的css文件路径' />
 6   <title>时钟</title>
 7 </head>
 8 <body>
 9   <div class="clock" id="clock">
10     <!-- 原点 -->
11     <div class="origin"></div>
12  
13     <!-- 时分秒针 -->
14     <div class="clock-line hour-line" id="hour-line"></div>
15     <div class="clock-line minute-line" id="minute-line"></div>
16     <div class="clock-line second-line" id="second-line"></div>
17  
18     <!-- 日期 -->
19     <div class="date-info" id="date-info"></div>
20     <!-- 时间 -->
21     <div class="time-info" >
22       <div class="time" id="hour-time"></div>
23       <div class="time" id="minute-time"></div>
24       <div class="time" id="second-time"></div>
25     </div>
26   </div>
27 <script type='text/javascript' src='外部的javascript文件路径'></script>
28 </body>
29 </html>
30  

css部分
开始代码之前,有一些css的属性需要了解,比如定位(position),边框圆角(border-radius),变换(transform)等
position属性 
position属性规定元素的定位类型,有五个值:absolute、fixed、relative、static、inherit,默认为static,即没有定位,元素按正常文档流显示;这里主要用到的是absolute和relative 
absulte值,将元素设置成绝对定位,相对于static定位意外的第一个上级元素进行定位,位置可以通过'left'、'top'、'right'、'bottom'属性进行定位;如果上级元素都是static定位,则相对于body元素的位置进行定位 
本例中,设定最外层的div clock为relative,所有下级元素均设定为absolute绝对定位,然后通过设置left、top等属性的值,确定其相对于clock的位置。 
border-radius属性
border-radius属性向元素添加圆角边框,可以设置四个圆角的大小,本例中使用该属性将clock元素设置成一个圆 
此处写了一个示例:4个div元素,宽高都是100px,border-radius不同时的效果:

 

transform属性 
transform属性向元素应用2D或3D旋转,该属性允许我们对元素进行旋转、缩放、移动、或倾斜。本例中时针、分针、秒针、刻度等均用transform属性设置旋转;另外,transform-origin属性可以设置元素的基点位置 

css部分的代码 

  1 /* 全局 */
  2 *{
  3   margin:0;
  4   padding:0;
  5 }
  6 .clock{
  7   width:400px;
  8   height:400px;
  9   border:10px solid #333;
 10   box-shadow: 0px 0px 20px 3px #444 inset;
 11   border-radius:210px;
 12   position:relative;
 13   margin:5px auto;
 14   z-index:10;
 15   background-color:#f6f6f6;
 16 }
 17 /* 时钟数字 */
 18 .clock-num{
 19   width:40px;
 20   height:40px;
 21   font-size:22px;
 22   text-align:center;
 23   line-height:40px;
 24   position:absolute;
 25   z-index:8;
 26   color:#555;
 27   font-family:fantasy, 'Trebuchet MS';
 28 }
 29 .em_num{
 30   font-size:28px;
 31 }
 32 /* 指针 */
 33 .clock-line{
 34   position:absolute;
 35   z-index:20;
 36 }
 37 .hour-line{width:100px;
 38   height:4px;
 39   top:198px;
 40   left:200px;
 41   background-color:#000;
 42   border-radius:2px;
 43   transform-origin:0 50%;
 44   box-shadow:1px -3px 8px 3px #aaa;
 45 }
 46 .minute-line{
 47   width:130px;
 48   height:2px;
 49   top:199px;
 50   left:190px;
 51   background-color:#000;
 52   transform-origin:7.692% 50%;
 53   box-shadow:1px -3px 8px 1px #aaa;
 54 }
 55 .second-line{
 56   width:170px;
 57   height:1px;
 58   top:199.5px;
 59   left:180px;
 60   background-color:#f60;
 61   transform-origin:11.765% 50%;
 62   box-shadow:1px -3px 7px 1px #bbb;
 63 }
 64 /* 原点 */
 65 .origin{
 66   width:20px;
 67   height:20px;
 68   border-radius:10px;
 69   background-color:#000;
 70   position:absolute;
 71   top:190px;
 72   left:190px;
 73   z-index:14;
 74 }
 75  
 76 /* 日期 时间 */
 77 .date-info{
 78   width:160px;
 79   height:28px;
 80   line-height:28px;
 81   text-align:center;
 82   position:absolute;
 83   top:230px;
 84   left:120px;
 85   z-index:11;
 86   color:#555;
 87   font-weight:bold;
 88   font-family:'微软雅黑';
 89 }
 90 .time-info{
 91   width:92px;
 92   height:30px;
 93   line-height:30px;
 94   text-align:center;
 95   position:absolute;
 96   top:270px;
 97   left:154px;
 98   z-index:11;
 99   background-color:#555;
100   padding:0;
101   box-shadow:0px 0px 9px 2px #222 inset;
102 }
103 .time{
104   width:30px;
105   height:30px;
106   text-align:center;
107   float:left;
108   color:#fff;
109   font-weight:bold;
110 }
111 #minute-time{
112   border-left:1px solid #fff;
113   border-right:1px solid #fff;
114 }
115  
116 /* 刻度 */
117 .clock-scale{
118   width:195px;
119   height:2px;
120   transform-origin:0% 50%;
121   z-index:7;
122   position:absolute;
123   top:199px;
124   left:200px;
125 }
126 .scale-show{
127   width:12px;
128   height:2px;
129   background-color:#555;
130   float:left;
131 }
132 .scale-hidden{
133   width:183px;
134   height:2px;
135   float:left;
136 }

 

javascript部分

 js部分没什么好说的,简单的dom操作,setInterval函数每隔一秒执行一次,修改指针的角度和显示的时间即可。代码如下 

  1 (function(){
  2     window.onload=initNumXY(200, 160, 40,40);
  3     var hour_line = document.getElementById("hour-line");
  4     var minute_line = document.getElementById("minute-line");
  5     var second_line = document.getElementById("second-line");
  6     var date_info = document.getElementById("date-info");
  7     var week_day = [
  8       '星期日', '星期一', '星期二', '星期三', '星期四', '星期五', '星期六'
  9     ];
 10     var hour_time = document.getElementById("hour-time");
 11     var minute_time = document.getElementById("minute-time");
 12     var second_time = document.getElementById("second-time");
 13     function setTime(){
 14       var this_day = new Date();
 15       var hour = (this_day.getHours() >= 12) ?
 16           (this_day.getHours() - 12) : this_day.getHours();
 17       var minute = this_day.getMinutes();
 18       var second = this_day.getSeconds();
 19       var hour_rotate = (hour*30-90) + (Math.floor(minute / 12) * 6);
 20       var year = this_day.getFullYear();
 21       var month = ((this_day.getMonth() + 1) < 10 ) ?
 22           "0"+(this_day.getMonth() + 1) : (this_day.getMonth() + 1);
 23       var date = (this_day.getDate() < 10 ) ?
 24           "0"+this_day.getDate() : this_day.getDate();
 25       var day = this_day.getDay();
 26       hour_line.style.transform = 'rotate(' + hour_rotate + 'deg)';
 27       minute_line.style.transform = 'rotate(' + (minute*6 - 90) + 'deg)';
 28       second_line.style.transform = 'rotate(' + (second*6 - 90)+'deg)';
 29       date_info.innerHTML =
 30         year + "-" + month + "-" + date + " " + week_day[day];
 31       hour_time.innerHTML = (this_day.getHours() < 10) ?
 32           "0" + this_day.getHours() : this_day.getHours();
 33       minute_time.innerHTML = (this_day.getMinutes() < 10) ?
 34           "0" + this_day.getMinutes() : this_day.getMinutes();
 35       second_time.innerHTML = (this_day.getSeconds() < 10) ?
 36           "0" + this_day.getSeconds():this_day.getSeconds();
 37     }
 38     setInterval(setTime, 1000);
 39  
 40     function initNumXY(R, r, w, h){
 41       var numXY = [
 42         {
 43           "left" : R + 0.5 * r - 0.5 * w,
 44           "top" : R - 0.5 * r * 1.73205 - 0.5 * h
 45         },
 46         {
 47           "left" : R + 0.5 * r * 1.73205 - 0.5 * w,
 48           "top" : R - 0.5 * r - 0.5 * h
 49         },
 50         {
 51           "left" : R + r - 0.5 * w,
 52           "top" : R - 0.5 * h
 53         },
 54         {
 55           "left" : R + 0.5 * r * 1.73205 - 0.5 * w,
 56           "top" : R + 0.5 * r - 0.5 * h
 57         },
 58         {
 59           "left" : R + 0.5 * r - 0.5 * w,
 60           "top" : R + 0.5 * r * 1.732 - 0.5 * h
 61         },
 62         {
 63           "left" : R - 0.5 * w,
 64           "top" : R + r - 0.5 * h
 65         },
 66         {
 67           "left" : R - 0.5 * r - 0.5 * w,
 68           "top" : R + 0.5 * r * 1.732 - 0.5 * h
 69         },
 70         {
 71           "left" : R - 0.5 * r * 1.73205 - 0.5 * w,
 72           "top" : R + 0.5 * r - 0.5 * h
 73         },
 74         {
 75           "left" : R - r - 0.5 * w,
 76           "top" : R - 0.5 * h
 77         },
 78         {
 79           "left" : R - 0.5 * r * 1.73205 - 0.5 * w,
 80           "top" : R - 0.5 * r - 0.5 * h
 81         },
 82         {
 83           "left" : R - 0.5 * r - 0.5 * w,
 84           "top": R - 0.5 * r * 1.73205 - 0.5 * h
 85         },
 86         {
 87           "left" : R - 0.5 * w,
 88           "top" : R - r - 0.5 * h
 89         }
 90       ];
 91       var clock = document.getElementById("clock");
 92       for(var i = 1; i <= 12; i++){
 93         if(i%3 == 0) {
 94           clock.innerHTML += "<div class='clock-num em_num'>"+i+"</div>";
 95         } else {
 96           clock.innerHTML += "<div class='clock-num'>" + i + "</div>";
 97         }
 98       }
 99       var clock_num = document.getElementsByClassName("clock-num");
100       for(var i = 0; i < clock_num.length; i++) {
101         clock_num[i].style.left = numXY[i].left + 'px';
102         clock_num[i].style.top = numXY[i].top + 'px';
103       }
104       for(var i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
105         clock.innerHTML += "<div class='clock-scale'> " +
106                    "<div class='scale-hidden'></div>" +
107                    "<div class='scale-show'></div>" +
108                   "</div>";
109       }
110       var scale = document.getElementsByClassName("clock-scale");
111       for(var i = 0; i < scale.length; i++) {
112         scale[i].style.transform="rotate(" + (i * 6 - 90) + "deg)";
113       }
114     }
115 })();

 


posted @ 2017-09-24 18:47  小奔的早晨  阅读(3712)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报